University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science

n this study the clinical diagnosis of lumpy skin disease was depended. A total 1606 serum samples and skin biopsies collected from infected cows clinically with skin nodule of different size which change to a necrotic nodule or form a deep scab, from wide different areas and cities of Thi Qar , extended from June to November at 2016. ELISA were performed for identification of LSDV antibodies, LSDV isolation was carried out on CAM of ECE and Viral DNA was extracted from skin biopsy for PCR. All serum samples was show seropositivity against LSD. Isolation of LSD virus from skin biopsy was conducted on CAM and the isolated virus was identified by PCR. collection and processing of clinical samples, viral isolation and PCR assay, for LSDV are much sensitive and rapid diagnostic of LSD their importance in controlling the rapid spread of disease in Iraq.

In this paper, we introduce the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy minimal open sets on intuitionistic fuzzy topological space. We introduce the concepts of closure and interior defined by intuitionistic fuzzy minimal open set and intuitionistic fuzzy minimal closed set. We also introduce a intuitionistic fuzzy minimal semi-preopen and intuitionistic fuzzy minimal semi-preclosed. We also redefine the concepts of closure and interior by intuitionistic fuzzy minimal semi-preopen set and intuitionistic fuzzy minimal semi-preclosed set and we introduce the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy minimal semi-precontinuous .We investigate some characterizations.

The intestinal parasites of Entamoeba hstolytica and Giardia lamblia are among the major causes of diarrhea throughout the world.The current study was conducted from October 2015 to February 2016 to investigate the spread of intestinal parasites Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia for patients who have been referred to the Gharraf Model Center and the Main Graff center , which suffer from intestinal disorders. The study included 488 stool samples for patients of different ages and both sexes (males and females). The number of samples required for examination was 228 and 46.72% compared with 260 negative samples for examination and 53.27%. The positive results were 202 for Entamoeba histolytica parasites by 5, 88% compared with 20 and 8.7% of the Giardia lamblia parasite and 2.6 % for Entamoeba hstolytica and Giardia lamblia.The study showed no significant differences between males and females. The highest rates of parasitic infection in the largest of the 15-year age group, which reached 49.12%. The highest incidence of the city population was 65.75% compared with the Rusticate population 34.21%.

In this paper, it is present a model to simulate Four-wave mixing in quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier, taking into account the influence of carrier heating at reservoir. The numerical calculations show that; the carrier heating relaxation at reservoir demonstrates a significant impact on excited state occupation probability, and opposite occurs with ground state. Also, the conversion efficiency is shown a good match with experiment data.

his study was carried out to isolate Aeromonas hydrophila from diarrheal children; 150 fecal samples were collected from diarrheal children with age (1-13 years) of both sexes that had suffering from diarrhea in Mohammed Al -Mosawi and Bent-Al-Huda hospitals in Thi-Qar province. Twenty isolates were diagnosed as genus Aeromonas hydrophila. The results revealed that the rate of Aeromonas hydrophila isolates in fecal samples of diarrheal children was (13.3%) and the age groups of 1-5 years were the highest percentage of diarrheal cases (60%) and the highest percentage of Aeromonas hydrophila infection (40%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to 20 Aeromonas hydrophila isolates showed that (70%) of isolates were resistance to Amikacin, while (60%) of isolates were resistance to Ciprofloxian, Cefotaxime and Gentamycin ,(35%) of isolates were resistance to Ceflazim and only (20%) of isolates were resistance to Imipenem, and the results appeared increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant between Aeromonas hydrophila isolates that isolated from diarrheal children in Thi-Qar province.

The ability of various soaking media in enhancing the temperature of waste materials, once they are exposed to microwaves has been investigated. Such information helps development of microwave techniques to destroy viruses, spores and other microorganisms by temperature enhancement if they may not be affected by microwave radiation itself. Oily media were observed to have higher elevation in temperature; however, they have the inherent drawback of sticking into the inner surface of the container. Such drawbacks can be minimized by using enclosed non-stick container for the microwave application. Among aqueous fluids, commonly found detergent solution showed the best performance in raising the temperature. Such material has many other advantages such as, low cost, non-toxic nature, environment friendliness, ready availability etc.

The study deal with a single machine scheduling problem where the objective is to find the sequence which it give the optimal or efficient solution for the objective function the sum of discounted weighted completion time and number of tardy jobs. The optimal solution was found for some special cases. Ant colony optimization (ACO) using to found an approximate solution. Results of extensive computational tests show that proposed (ACO) is effective in solving problems up to (1000) jobs at a time less than or equal to (10) minutes.

Metallo β -lactamases (MBLs) producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been detected from clinical isolates in worldwide with increase in emergence in the last years . The spread of MBLs positive isolates in a localized hospital environment causes not only a therapeutic problem but as well as a serious concern for infection control handling , hence , this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of P. aeruginosa producing MBLs isolated from some skin infections (wounds and burns). A total of 57 P. aeruginosa were isolated from wounds and burns infections (24 wound swabs and 33 burn swabs) in Al-Hussain Teaching Hospital .Primary screening of carbapenems resistant isolates appeared that 63% (36 isolates) were resistant to imipenem and meropenem .Among the 36 carbapenems resistant isolates that were tested for production MBLs by phenotypic test (CDT)with EDTA inhibitor (as chelating factor ), 34 (94%) were MBLs positive and 59.6% from 57 isolates were positive to MBLs production . MICs values of MBLs producers were higher in imipenem ((≥16-64) μg/ml)) than that in meropenem (( ≥16-32) μg/ml)) . Out of 34 MBLs producer , 24 (72.7%) isolates were founded in specimens of burn swabs , while the wound swabs specimens registered 41.6% . MBLs producing isolates were also tested for antibiotics susceptibility , all isolates (100%)were sensitive to aztreonam and 70.5% to ciprofloxacin . 100% of isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and amoxycillin – clavulanic acid.

This study was conducted to determine the best method for determining the focal length of the lens of the lens, and the effect of the value of the thickness of the lens and the focal length in determining the type of method to be followed in the laboratories of optics to obtain the most accurate values ​​and the easiest and fastest. Three methods were chosen to determine the focal dimension, the most used methods in this laboratory, and several convex lenses (with different focal lengths) were used with each method. The software used in its version (R2013a) was used to draw and represent the data.

Background: Diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years old in developing countries. Objective: This study designed to investigate the occurrence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (E. coli ) as etiological infectious agents of diarrhea in children, assessment of their susceptibility/resistance to antibiotics, and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the macroalgae Cladophora crispata extract towards these bacteria . Materials and Methods: 150 diarrheic stool samples were collected from children less than 5 years and cultured. The isolated bacteria were subjected to various identification and biochemical tests. Then all the isolated bacteria (E. coli ) were subjected to ESBL-producing screening by double-disc synergy test, the antibacterial activity of algal extract and antibiotic susceptibility test against tested bacteria were determined by using agar well diffusion and disc diffusion methods respectively . Results: Out of total 150 samples, only 18 isolates revealed the presence of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing E. coli, which showed highly susceptibility to gentamicin and amikacin, Cladophora crispata extract revealed a strong antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing E. coli. Conclusion: Cladophora crispata extract showed a strong antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing E. coli which can be exploited as source of antibacterial drugs to control and treatment

With emergence of technology and growing demand of the society, e-Governance became a key issue and developed nations started adopting it to better serve their organizations through efficient and effective services, with accountability and transparency. e-governance can be defined as a set of activities involving the effective contribution of information and communication technology (ICT) for strengthening administration and management e-governance is the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for the planning, implementation, and monitoring of higher education programs, projects, and activities. The higher education sector has remarkable growth in the administration of institutions intricate. Many paperes reveal that the integration of ICT helps to reduce the intricacy and enhance the overall administration of higher education. e-Governance is expected to help deliver cost-effective and easy-to-access user services, and improve processing of transactions. . The Iraqi higher education system has declined somewhat over the past three decades due to remarkable increase in the number of colleges and universities and their privatization. It has become very important for the government to keep track of their functioning. Educational institutions may have various requirements that include computerization and management of processes such as registration, admission, student information, classes, time table, transport, attendance, library, salary and expenses, examinations, performance, grades, hostels, security and reports. In this paper, an attempt have been made to discuss the concept of e-governance and use of latest application in higher education sector. This study also propose a roadmap to the implementation of an e-governance framework for monitoring, regulating.

The present study aimed to isolation and identification some mycoflora from 40 soil sample in 6 sites ( Remnants of fat-born, parks, edges of the river, animal wastes, sewage and rubbish) during October 2015 to January 2016 in Nassiriyah city, Iraq. According to different environmental factors. The present study showed the isolated genera from different sits and that were include Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Rhizopus, Cladosporium, Sepedonium, Alternaria, Bipolaris, Chrysosporium, Candida, Rhododendron, Humicola, Geotrichum, Fusarium and Acremonium. They were isolated by dilution method, direct plate method, alcohol and heat treatment technique using the cultural media viz. PDA, SDA and PCA. Aspergillus represented the highest fungal isolate which represent 62 (37.12%) isolation followed by Penicillium with 47 (28.14%), Mucor 22 (13.16%), Rhizopus 15 (8.98%), Cladosporium 6 (3.59%), Sepedonium and Alternaria 3 (1.80%), Bipolaris, Chrysosporium and Candida 2 (1.20%), and finally Rhododendron, Humicola and Geotrichum recorded the lowest fungal isolation with one isolate (0.60%). The study results showed that soil dilution method gave a best fungal growth in comparison with direct plate method and alcohol and heat treatment technique in 25 ºC and pH= 6. Potato Dextrose Agar appeared as an optimum in comparison with other media such as SDA and PCA.

Background Periodontal diseases are highly prevalent in Iraq. They may become serious conditions if they faced by unsuitable treatment and resulting in particularly cardiovascular systemic disorders. Further, antibiotic resistance in general has been witnessed prevalence, which may lead to failure of periodontal disease treatment. The aim of this study is evaluation of susceptibility and resistance to different antibiotics by dental plaque bacterial isolates. Material and methods Thirty seven infected patients were included in this study. From their dental plaque, samples were taken aseptically then bacteria has been isolated as well as antibiotic susceptibility tests agar diffusion methods had been applied. Results Among three types of bacteria, Streptococcus mutans occupied the largest percentage (62%) in dental plaque isolates. Imipenem registered profound susceptibility (78.3%) via Streptococcus mutans followed by each of erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone (60.9%). This pathogen isolates showed resistance to amikacin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and amoxicillin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa appeared the highest susceptibility to chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone by (90%) while Staphylococcus aureus had been existed complete susceptibility to imipenem (100%) followed directly by tetracycline and chloramphenicol by about (75%) of each. The lowest susceptibility was resulted toward amoxicillin, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin with (25%). Generally speaking, amoxicillin exposed to highest resistance (70.3%) in comparison to others, whereas both of imipenem and ceftriaxone witnessed highest susceptibility (67.6%) by the same pathogens. Conclusions Amoxicillin occupied the first position in bacterial resistance, this may support the assumption that improper administration of amoxicillin will lead to therapy failure. KEYWORDS: Antibiotics, Gingivitis, Periodontitis, Resistance, Susceptibility.

The current study involved preparation of ligand [2,5-bis-(2-(diphenyl methylene) hydrazineyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole] (L1) from reacting between thiadiazole derivative [ (2,5-dihydrazineyl-1,3,4 -thiadiazol) and Benzphenone by the ratio (1:2) . Attended the transitional elements ions complexes [Cr+3, Fe+3, Co+3, Ni+2, Cu+2] with ligand (L1) Complexes were diagnosed using the precision analysis of elements (C.H.N), Infrared spectrum (FTIR), Spectrum of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance proton (1H-NMR), Mass spectroscopy, measurement magnetic sensitivity and measurement molar conductivity the results were practical exactly matching with the molecular and structural formulas of the proposed compound .Hyperchem was used to draw ligand (L1) and its complexes and to show the distribution of electronic density. Data obtained indicates that the stereochemistry figure of the complexes [Cr+3, Fe+3, Co+3] was octahedral , the proposed stereochemistry figure of the complexes [Ni+2, Cu+2] is square planer. A study was conducted testing the biological activity for the prepared ligand (L1) and its complexes against two types of bacteria staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli compared to the standard inhibitor (Cipro.), the results obtained confirmed that ligand(L1) and their complexes did not show any biological activity towards the bacteria aureus staphylococcus aureus, while the ligand(L1) and their complexes showed different activity twards the second type of bacteria Escherichia coli, some showed greater activity than the standard inhibitor and some showed less activity than the standard inhibitor

The current study was conducted in Thi-Qar province to investigate of Toxoplasma gondii prevalence
among renal dialysis and cancer patients by using anti-Toxoplasmosis IgG and IgM by ELISA also the study
determined of some factors that may affected the prevalence of infection, such as age, sex, marital status,
place of residence and a number of chemical dosing that exposed to it cancer patient or the number of times
the dialysis for renal dialysis patients.
The results of the current study showed that the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Thi-Qar province in
both renal dialysis and cancer patients and control group were 28% and 36% and 24% respectively. recorded
results of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ELISA test results for a positive antibody IgG in both renal
dialysis and cancer patients and control group 25% , 30% , 22% respectively. As for the IgM antibody study
did not record any positive result in both categories of the study (dialysis and cancer) only control group was
2%. The result of IgG & IgM together in renal dialysis and cancer and control group 3%, 6%, 0%
respectively.
The study found that the increase in the number of times the dialysis increased incidence of infection
prevalence it was 25.53% for patients who conducted the dialysis treatment more than six times and 16.66%
for patients who have less than six times.For factor chemical dosing show high infection rates in patients who
have been exposed to more than one dose of a chemical 37.63%.

The present study was concerned to estimation the concentrations of the selected heavy metals (Zinc, Copper, Lead, Nickel and Cadmium) in the sewage sludge, which was collecting from the wastewater treatment unit from the center of Al-Nassiriya city during the seasons of the year ( autumn , winter , spring and summer) from October, 2016 to August, 2017. Three stations were chosen to execute this study, station (1): represent the pre-treatment; station (2): represent post-treatment and station (3) represent after dumping in the river. The results of the present study showed a high concentration of heavy metals in dry sludge was Zinc (91.86) µg/g dry wt. in the (st.1) in Spring season, while the Nickel (5.19) µg/g dry wt. at the (st.1) in Summer. The high concentration of copper (41.20) µg/g dry wt. at the ( st.3) in Winter , and lead was (50.17) µg/g dry wt. at the (st.3) in Winter, and cadmium was (97.20) µg/g dry wt. at (st.2) in Winter. The high concentrations of fecal coliforms was (18000) cells /100 ml at (st.1) in winter, while the high number of total coliforms was (160000) cells/100 ml at (st.1) in winter. According to statistical analysis; The results of the present study showed a significant differences between the concentrations of heavy metals during the seasons of the year at the stations, as well as significant differences between the bacteria at the stations that were studied.