Midad Al-Adab Refereed Journal

This research monitors constituents of renaissance and its motives in the Arabic Grammar in view of the need and urgency of reasons in line with origins of science, its goals, and conditions of its emergence. For this purpose, the research divides studies on this approach into two sections: On one hand, a section went to extremes in the perception of the meaning of renaissance to the extent of replacement and ablation. On the other hand, a section that opposes this perception, sees science in retreating and closing in on what was without permitting the necessity of addition and enrichment of knowledge. Then the research decides that the right is a middle way between the two sections, and this is depicted in a proposed approach combining preserving heritage and its purposes, adding to it, moving stagnant, and renaissance of what was learned from, so that later generations would benefit as previous generations benefited from it.
The research also draws attention to the necessity of observing goals of science, their objectives that arose to care for and achieve them, and that any addition that does not stem from this spring and does not belong to that niche is nothing but a rooting of the problem and widening of the gap. The research also emphasizes the need to quench the thirst of minds by continuing research into the ills and motives of the origins and their harmony, arrangement and what is based on the other... not to discuss how to replace it with something else.

This book dealt with the study and investigation of the book “Al Lama’a al Moselyeh fi Marefa’a al Lughah Al Arabiyeh” by Sheikh Abu Bakr Al-Shaibani Al-Musli, who died 797 AH. This book dealt with the sections of grammar and its subdivisions to teach beginners and put a summary of the Arabic language.

The Noble Qur’an is the book of God. Reading it is an act of worship, and studying what is in it is also worship. I decided to study in it the topic of the grammatical dispute, and I chose here the adjective. Words in the Holy Qur’an have the right to be an adjective, but some expressors expressed it in other ways, and these aspects will change In the meaning intended of the noble verse in the Qur’an context, and for my love and great aspiration to understand the meanings of the Noble Qur’an, I studied this grammatical topic in the Holy Qur’an. .

Music has an effective influence in crystallizing the aesthetic formation of the poetic text, as it is intertwined
Linguistic sounds, according to a special system in the textual form to produce a rhythm that expresses the reservoirs
The emotional state and expresses what the poetic experience brings and the emotions it produces.
F ((Music of poetry in every time and place, ancient and modern, is one of the essential elements
And the basic constituents in poetry are indispensable and have no value without them
It represents the strongest elements of suggestion in it, and the language of Arabic poetry has existed since its first creation and so forth
It is still based on intonation and rhythm, because its goal is to express these feelings and those feelings

Every single study is an extension of previous studies and it links with future ones. Therefore, researchers will be convinced and they all approve the possibility of flows and drawbacks that might be observed in this regard. Approving the presence of flow is defined as a motivation to reconsider the complete studies and to move forward to the bridge the gap of such flows. Then, the researcher in question will carry out a lot of studies. The flow is described as a number of observations that can be increased. Afterword, they can be transformed into criticism. It is worth mentioning that criticism can motivate researchers in question to adopt an attempt that aims at completing scientific research. This is why; there will be great optimistic movement towards the newness and difference in studies. Besides, feeling of depression towards rhetorical studies caused by what had been ingrained in minds of learners and researchers of this field. And these feelings are consumed. Furthermore, this idea was the product of the researchers who ask for ease and simplicity and the ones, who take such path, will get nothing fruitful at last. Therefore, such researchers will realize that scientific research path is not easy. And if the researcher intends to carry out any study, he has to endure all the difficulties accompanied by it. Then, he will get great results at the end of the day. The current study is about Al-Badee' by Al-Sakaki by criticizing the rhetorical speeches. It is worth noting there is a difference between Al-Badee' as a verbal achievement and Al-Badee' as a science and study topic. The research also presents the terminology development phases by scholars of Al-Bayan subject and it will shed lights on the prominent scholars in the field dealing with the most important arts of Al-Badee' dealt by Al-Subki as a scientific subject.

Praise to Allah, Lord of the Worlds ,that he succeeded me to complete this research (the names of the Holy Qur’an and the suspicions of the Orientalists around them), and I lived with the writing of the research an enjoyable journey that is not without difficulty and suffering. Calculate her reward with Allah. (The Quran ,Al-Furqan, the Book, and the Dhikr) are Arabic, not foreign, oriental or western, no matter the voices of falsehoods from the Orientalists and others by saying that these names are plagiarized from Syriac at times and from Hebrew at other times, accusing the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him)) by taking the foreign term as an Arab definition, To denote the desired meaning, and God forbid it (may God bless him and grant him peace)) from that.
In conclusion, I ask Allah that what I have written is useful in clarifying this topic (the names of the Holy Qur’an and the suspicions of the Orientalists around it) and that I have been successful in presenting the topic in an appropriate presentation that students of knowledge benefit from.
May God bless our master Muhammad, his family and companions Praise to Allah, Lord of the Worlds

The understanding of the text by the receiver depends on his cognition and knowledge , the field of the receiver coincides with what he has read depending on the text . The explainer has entailed with his readings and his references with all its branches.

Praise to Allah, Lord of the Worlds ,that he succeeded me to complete this research (the names of the Holy Qur’an and the suspicions of the Orientalists around them), and I lived with the writing of the research an enjoyable journey that is not without difficulty and suffering. Calculate her reward with Allah. (The Quran ,Al-Furqan, the Book, and the Dhikr) are Arabic, not foreign, oriental or western, no matter the voices of falsehoods from the Orientalists and others by saying that these names are plagiarized from Syriac at times and from Hebrew at other times, accusing the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him)) by taking the foreign term as an Arab definition, To denote the desired meaning, and God forbid it (may God bless him and grant him peace)) from that.
In conclusion, I ask Allah that what I have written is useful in clarifying this topic (the names of the Holy Qur’an and the suspicions of the Orientalists around it) and that I have been successful in presenting the topic in an appropriate presentation that students of knowledge benefit from.
May God bless our master Muhammad, his family and companions Praise to Allah, Lord of the Worlds

The fourth verse of Surat Al-Ahzab contained great meanings, great secrets and wisdom, as it talked about some impossibilities in some areas of life, a comprehensive and comprehensive treatment, in an eloquent and miraculous manner, indicating the miracle of the Holy Qur’an in its articulation, style and legislation, so the study came according to an analytical method.

In the first topic, we explained: the meanings of their words, and the reasons for their descent. And the relevance of the verse to what was before and after it, and what it contains of the abrogating and the abrogated, and the second study: we devoted it to explaining the impossible in the verse, which is: the impossibility of God Almighty making a man with two hearts within him, the impossibility of a wife being the mother of the man, and the impossibility of pretenders to be children of the man.

And the third topic: It included a statement of the aspects of the readings, syntax, rhetoric, and what can be learned from the verse, then the conclusion was to show the results that came out of the research. And I hope that this work will be sincere for his honorable sake, praise be to God first and foremost.

The research includes studying the contributions of merchants in the legal and human sciences in the Ilkhanid state. The contribution was obvious in the Sharia sciences, such as the sciences of interpretation and readings, as well as the hadith and Islamic jurisprudence, and these sciences had the merchants a place in which they needed them in their dealings and trade. As well as the study of humanities such as linguistics, literature and poetry, as well as history and the role of merchants in the field of authorship in it and with regard to mental sciences, we found that traders contribute to the science of medicine.

The research in our hands revolves around (the first Islamic attempts to conquer Morocco).
This research takes its importance in the field of historical research from several aspects, including the important position of the Maghreb region, which was characterized by the vastness of the place and the abundance of events, and the ingenuity of the cultural production in light of the Islamic presence on its various lands, and the delay of its opening until the end of the first century AH, in addition to Morocco's connection with the state of Egypt .
This research has dealt with the beginning of the conquests in Morocco in the Rashidun era, specifically in the era of Caliph Omar bin Al-Khattab (may God be pleased with him), and the completion of these conquests in the era of Caliph Othman bin Affan (may God be pleased with him), and also the cessation of conquests in the state of Morocco during the era of Caliph Ali bin Abi Talib (may God be pleased with him).
Finally, praise be to God Almighty and Much praise for the completion of this research, in which we have made every effort to give a comprehensive picture of the subject.

Al matbai is one of the in culture and arts and his works chronicle his great abundant accomplishments, he is a great figure in the field of culture. He was encyclopedic in culture and knowledge and typical example of the Iraqi mind which is open to various horizons.

He had many relations with cultural figures of various mottoes whether ,nationalist ,or liberal therefore, he published his work in disciplined awareness keeping away from the narrow nationalistic view, abominable sectarianism, tribal view or anything is not related to the Iraqi graceful and general and general good nature .
Thus he is credited of presenting new noble aspects, especially by presenting new Iterators during the 1960 in the last century throughout AI-Kalima Journal .It is his similar role that he would plead during the 1970 but life changed
He started thinking of writing biography books the considered as ate of encyclopedia. This helped him to represent for years cultural establishment by himself. At the same time ,he was famous of the Iraqi thinkers and literary writers which were reliable references. Hence ,his work can be considered a recording documentary project where he chronicled famous figures as well writing many books in philosophy and culture which are imbued with knowledge , analysis, exploration , skillfulness , elongated language , and creative imagination . All of his books have had an influence in the literary field
He remained prolific five decades and nothing prevented him from writing except the disease. He had an intellectual message where he struggled to deliver for enlightening the next generations.

In the city of Baqubah, there are a number of car maintenance workshops. The largest concentration is located in Al-Moalemim neighborhood and the industrial district in the west of the city. This is due to the need for these workshops to reserve materials that are concentrated in Al-Moalemeen neighborhood. The owners of vehicles from different parts of Diyala governorate , And through the field study from 12-27/3/2019 The researcher identified two regions: the dense region and the large region depending on the residence of the reviewers to the industrial workshops in the city of Baquba, ruling out the owners of cars who live in the city of Baquba as they do not represent the city's territory. It was found that there is variation in the region of the thick and wide between car maintenance workshops in the city of Baquba The nature of these workshops and their importance as well as the distance factor, and provides a number of these workshops in the areas and districts of Diyala province.

The research aims to know the reality of equality between men and women in society and the extent to which women can be empowered in society through knowing the type of obstacles that stand before them and the type of opportunities available to them through the use of the distribution of the standard degree through the use of the descriptive approach, analysis and quantitative method.
The research found that the type of opportunities granted to work in state departments females amounted to (30.3%) compared to (69.7%) for men, and the unemployment rate for females recorded (13.2%) for the year 2013, and rose to (22.7%) for the year 2017, increased in rural areas to (23.9%) %) Compared to (22.0%) for the urban area, and the participation of women in government decreased by (25%), and the number of families headed by a woman increased to (116598), the percentage of widows (29.1%) and a value of (33866), and the families in which women receive a subsidy (70.9) With a value of (82732), the governorate also witnessed an increase in divorce cases amounting to (26242) for the year 2017, at a rate of (32.7%) between 2015-2017, with a divorce rate of (3.3) per thousand compared to (8.0) per thousand marriages

The research aims to know the reality of equality between men and women in society and the extent to which women can be empowered in society through knowing the type of obstacles that stand before them and the type of opportunities available to them through the use of the distribution of the standard degree through the use of the descriptive approach, analysis and quantitative method.
The research found that the type of opportunities granted to work in state departments females amounted to (30.3%) compared to (69.7%) for men, and the unemployment rate for females recorded (13.2%) for the year 2013, and rose to (22.7%) for the year 2017, increased in rural areas to (23.9%) %) Compared to (22.0%) for the urban area, and the participation of women in government decreased by (25%), and the number of families headed by a woman increased to (116598), the percentage of widows (29.1%) and a value of (33866), and the families in which women receive a subsidy (70.9) With a value of (82732), the governorate also witnessed an increase in divorce cases amounting to (26242) for the year 2017, at a rate of (32.7%) between 2015-2017, with a divorce rate of (3.3) per thousand compared to (8.0) per thousand marriages

This research handled the Hadith of Al-Nu'man bin Bashir's Gift from his father as well as revealing the sound, weak, defected and correct narrations. The research reached the following:
• The Hadith of Al-Nu'man bin Bashir's Gift from his father has been narrated by three prophet's companions namely: Al-Nu'man bin Bashir, Bashir bin Saad and Jabir bin Abdullah including some different words. This Hadith has been narrated by eight narrators on the authority of Al-Nu'man bin Bashir. The research concluded that the Hadith in general is sound except some words; the first is "you should be fair with your sons" which are incorrect as Mojahed was the only narrator among seventeen narrators who narrated these words on the authority of Al-Sha'bi. The second different words have been mentioned in Muslim Hadith Book where Al-Nu'man says "A slave given to me by my father". This phrase is irregular as it contradicts all other Hadiths in the same section. The third difference was the word of "Garden". The fourth difference was that the time of gift took place during "birth". The fifth difference was the words "If you, Messenger of Allah think that I should go ahead with it, I will go ahead". The sixth difference is "I'm trustworthy and only witness trustworthiness"
This hadith has been narrated by three narrators on the authority of Bashir bin Mos'ad, but it is unsound hadith
Abu Al-Zubair narrated this Hadith on the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, and it is sound Hadith
2. Although this Hadith tells one event; but its words are different and its narrators add different words, so some scholars claimed that this Hadith is disordered, but this opinion is rejected as follows:
First: There is no contradiction between these words. The second is that the difference of words lies within narration by meaning and this is allowed. The third is that Al-Nu'man mentioned this Hadith in different meetings, so that every narrator narrated what he memorized and wrote. The fourth is that every narrator narrated what he heard from Al-Nu'man where he sometimes narrated it full and sometimes incomplete
Opining words: grant, giving, gifts, I do not witness and injustice.

The book of al-Muntaqa by Ibn al-Jarud was described by al-Hafiz Ibn Abd al-Barr as saheeh and he followed it in congregation, and al-Hafiz al-Dhahabi stated that his hadiths were never revealed to the degree of al-Hasan except in hadiths in which the views of the critics differed and he followed his saying, and al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar mentioned that it is like the extract on Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah and followed on what he said.
So there was a need for an applied research that defines the relationship of the chosen one with the books of al-Sahih and al-Sunan, especially the book of Ibn Khuzaymah, and whether it is an independent book or is it a supplementary secondary book, in an applied study, and it ended with the following results:
- Al-Muntaqa is an independent book and it is closer to the books of Sunan than to the books of Sahih.
- Al-Muntaqa included many hadiths that are not in Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah, so it is not an extract from Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah.
- The selection included many hadiths that were not reported by any of the imams companions of the Sahih: Bukhari, Muslim, Ibn Khuzaymah and Ibn Hibban.
- The closest of the books of origins related to the chosen one is Sunan Abi Dawood, so most of the hadiths of the chosen one are published in it.
- Jurisprudence in the book is hidden; The author of the choice did not divide most of his book into chapters, but he arranged his hadiths in a consistent, classified manner, and he did not translate them into a chapter.
Ibn Al-Jaroud's association with his companion Ibn Khuzaymah in many of his sheikhs led to the perception that his book was an extract on the Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah according to the great Hafiz Ibn Hajar.

The condition of people today indicates a loss and a loss in aspects of life in general, due to the loss of integrity, and the spread of corruption and its spread, so solutions must be made.
And if a solution is found, is there a prophetic statement and an authentic Mohammedan approach that guides us? It is a light from God that He sent to us to bring us out of darkness and into the light, peace be upon him.
That is why the study was about the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, approach to rooting the meaning of integrity and pushing back spiritual, physical, financial and administrative corruption, and explaining the seriousness of that, and how Islam has drawn for us the methods of prevention and treatment of corruption. And laying the foundations for the concept of integrity.

Abstract
The title of the research: The multiplicity of the book’s output by a compiler in our manuscript heritage: its proof, its conditions, and the best way to serve it.
Research problem: Because the book has multiple outputs by the compiler, there are many images, and each image has its own ruling, and its own method of investigation and printing. There are also cases that may be suspected of taxonomic outputs: drafts, novels issued by the author, students' narrations, and different scribes. All of them are aspects that still need to be completed in the science of verifying the Arabic and Islamic manuscripts, as evidenced by the weakness of talking about them in the books of investigation, and by the evidence of the great turmoil that occurs to the investigators.
Therefore, this research deals with three topics: The first: Defining the taxonomic output, and the suspicious cases (such as drafts, narrations, different versions of transcription, and the transcription's mistake), and stating what is between them of meeting and separation.
The second: How to distinguish the second taxonomic output from novels.
The third: the method of serving multiple outputs.
The research was able to come up with an answer to the problem of research in these investigations, which were its concluding results. He gave examples for each case from the publication and the manuscript, to clarify the features of this research..

War is a social phenomenon that occurs in all ages from antiquity to our time , and has affected huge and tremendous effects on countries , cities and generations , such as the First and Second World War, which had a direct impact on changing the direction of the global arts and its schools , as well as the philosophy of societies and the mobility of social class coexistence , It is evident that the war that the city of Mosul recently experienced has a role in the technical achievement , which affected the details of the shift in artistic performance by the works of Mosulian artists in particular , and the Iraqis in general who lived this event , read it closely and turned it into artistic works .
This indicates the existence of methods and trends mapped out by the general climate that framed the architecture of art , which fall under the term ( expression of war ) , which were the achievements of artists and the impact of the remnants of war on them and what happened under exceptional circumstances that shed light on a contemporary intellectual fabric and scenes documented by history

Abstract
The development of mechanisms for performing in the theater depends on many factors and elements that build the theatrical process, and the various theatrical and representative theatrical schools have contributed to this development.
The research included the introduction, which included the research problem and its importance, which sheds light on the actor's mechanism of work, as well as the aim of the research, which intentionally identified the mechanism of representative performance and (the scenography) of presentation, its temporal, spatial and objective limits. And define the terms included in the title of the research, such as (scenography, mechanisms, Iraqi theater, open play).
The theoretical framework included two topics: the first: the evolution of representative performance mechanisms in Iraq, and the second topic: the concept of scenography and open theatrical performance. It also included research procedures represented by the research community and the research sample, which was intended intentionally represented by the Iraqi actress (Awatif Naeem), and the research tool. The research has come out with many results, including: The open space of the presentation contributed the absolute freedom to the spontaneity of the representative performance. And that the performance of the performance was based on many of the performance skills on complementarity with the (scenography) presentation. The research also came out with some conclusions, including: Representative performance contributes to drawing the mark of the display (scenography). The open theatrical performance gives the actor complete freedom.
He then provided a list of sources and references, a summary in English and a list of margins.

This study aims to find out the term 'foreign' in the Arabic grammar. This term was discussed by the grammarians and they knew it from the former ones like Seebaweih till the posterior ones. Although this idiom was clear in some eras, it became ambiguous later, hiding some of its aspects to the recent grammarians. What is meant by the expression 'foreign'? , Is there any definition we can depend on? , or it is like many terms that do not have terse ideas.
For this reason this search reveals this obscurity showing the word 'foreign' in a clear way. Even this research is assigned to this term's aspects only, but it paves the way for other studies coming after this one to discuss such expressions in details

Abstract
In the 1950s of the 20th century, Turkey sought to be the guardian of western interests in the Middle East in order to secure its economical, political and military interests and to stop the interest of the USSR and its risk. Western countries such as Britain and the United States found that Turkey has the key to stop the USSR risk as well as to their interest in the Middle East. Those parties had mutual interests, however the problem was how to meet all those parties’ interests, therefore they formed what is called the Middle East Defense Organization.
The study focused on Turkey’s role in the organization and the disagreement between the United States and Britain about the Turkish role, each according to their military and economic abilities.
The purpose of the study is to clarify point of view disagreement between the U.S. and Britain, how they dealt with the Turkish role in MEDO and how Turkey used this for its advantages. The main idea is how they agreed to form a strong front formed of Middle Eastern countries in which Turkey was the main player against the USSR.
The study has an introduction about the Turkish role in securing western countries interests in the Middle East after WWII, the role given to them by Britain to lead Middle East Command MEC and the Turkish policy toward it. It also discussed changing the name from Middle East Command to MEDO in addition to the initial London agreement between Britain and Turkey after the visit of Adnan Menderes- Prime Minister of Turkey (1950-1960)- to London between13-18 November 1952. The study concluded how MEDO ended up and the alternative Turkish role.