Midad Al-Adab Refereed Journal

The short story writer Haytham Bahnam Bardi is known for his long, short and very short stories, starting with the novel Room 213, and passing through the stories of love with a stay of execution, the collection The Second Night After the Thousand, the Isolation of Enkidu, and the collection The River with a White Beard 2011, and reaching the collection (Land of Honey) 2012. In his narrative productions, in all their forms, the short story writer sought the new realistic approach, proceeding at an artistic pace that criticizes real life with a symbolic vision interspersed with some strange images and charming fantasy glimpses; this approach appeared clearly in the short story collection (Land of Honey) in a way that reflects a modernist tendency that challenges the time of narration and tends toward celebrating place.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of Messengers and upon his family and companions, all of them. Then after:

The studies that talked about the Sufi poem, in general, have multiplied and varied, but the poets of this poem did not receive the adequate and sufficient amount of criticism and analysis, so the discourse about them came focused on their lives and perhaps their miracles, and therefore Sufi literature, in its special sense, did not receive any mention among the books of Arabic literature, and for this reason I find myself obligated to contemplate one of the poles of Sufism and its poets, namely Ibn al-Farid (d. 632 AH) for what he possesses of (a major mark) in defining the features of the Sufi poem and its presence among the poems of Arabic Sufi poetry.

Praise be to Allah who made the Qur’an a beacon to be guided by, and a light to be illuminated by, and prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad (peace be upon him), his family, his companions, and all those who follow him.

And after that..

The eloquence of the Qur’an still requires more efforts from researchers to uncover the characteristics of the Qur’an’s organization and its eloquent methods. Although our previous scholars have elaborated on the Qur’an in terms of interpretation, explanation, and eloquence, the Qur’an is an inexhaustible spring and an inexhaustible treasure.

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds. We praise Him with the praise of the grateful, and we seek refuge from the evils of our souls and the wickedness of our deeds. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, without partner. His is the dominion and His is the praise. He gives life and causes death, and He is over all things competent, and to Him is the final destination. I bear witness that our master and model, Muhammad, is His servant and Messenger (may God bless him and grant him peace). May God be pleased with his noble and auspicious companions and those who follow them in righteousness until the Day of Judgment. Now then...

The responsibility of education towards the requirements of comprehensive development is a major responsibility because education is the basis through which the person capable of implementing development plans and their requirements is prepared, and the teacher is considered the starting point and cornerstone of the educational process.)8: 16)

The outcomes of education are greatly affected by the quality of teachers, their preparation, training, culture and the extent of their commitment to their work. The teacher is also the most important input to the educational process and the most dangerous in its impact on the upbringing of the young, and thus determines the quality of the future generations and the life of the nation.)7: 22)

The art of reporting is one of the most important journalistic arts that newspapers in general and Iraqi journalism in particular rely on, due to its great and influential role on the public, as it contains many advantages. No journalist can be without reports, and thus it constitutes a basic pillar for any journalist.

"Civilization is like a disease that is transmitted by infection"

This hypothesis seems biologically acceptable, but to what extent is it intellectually and culturally acceptable... This is what this research tries to answer, which is in line with many historical, intellectual and philosophical researches that examine the common civilization that unites many civilizations, including the Iraqi and Egyptian civilizations... Although we have agreed that much of what has been transmitted to us is a common civilization, it was logical for us to say that thought, with all its intellectual, philosophical, religious and mythological aspects, is the space on which civilization has expanded with all its intellectual commonalities, and it is the bridge linking the effectiveness of all these civilizations.

This research deals with the history of the Jewish minority in the Arabian Gulf. The researchers provided an introduction that included the history of the Jewish presence in the Arabian Peninsula during the pre-Islamic period and their migrations after the advent of Islam until the end of the twelfth century, where historical sources were silent about any Jewish presence in the Arabian Gulf region. This was a result of the migration of Jews to the regions of India and Persia for security, social and economic reasons. The silence of historical sources continued until the beginning of the sixteenth century, when mention of the Jewish presence in the Arabian Gulf returned with the establishment of the Portuguese Empire in the East after the discovery of the Cape of Good Hope in 1498 AD, which led to a return of interest in the region by European countries and a large group of European travelers, merchants and workers in the Portuguese campaign, which included a number of Jews. The research also dealt with the history of the Jewish minority in the Arabian Gulf region in the modern era, explaining its economic activities, political role, social life, and relations with the local population, the ruling local authorities, and the occupying foreign authorities. The research addressed the reasons for Jewish immigration to the Arabian Gulf during modern times in detail and the sources of Jewish immigration, which are mainly Iraq, then Persia, India, and their new areas of settlement in the Arabian Gulf, and the reasons that prompted them to choose those areas as a place for immigration rather than others.

The Jewish immigration movement to the Arabian Gulf increased during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and with it the origins of the Jewish minorities immigrating to the Arabian Gulf regions diversified. The research dealt with the most famous and important Jewish families that migrated to the Arabian Gulf, their businesses and companies, and the positions that many of them held, and their impact on the societies in which they settled and lived and their influence on the customs, traditions and lifestyles of those societies.

The researchers mentioned the numbers of Jews who immigrated to the Arabian Gulf, including Kuwait, Al-Ahsa, Bahrain, Oman, Muscat, Sohar and Muttrah, and the increase and decrease in their numbers and the reasons that led to that until the year 1948 AD, when their numbers began to decrease as a result of the events that took place on the land of Palestine as a result of the partition decision and the beginning of their reverse migration outside the regions of the Arabian Gulf and Arab countries in general.

The political decision-making of the United States of America arouses widespread interest in the international community. The United States is the most powerful country in the world, it spreads its control over the Security Council and many global and national financial institutions, it influences the policies of many strong and weak countries, and seeks to dominate the world. In addition, the crises, conflicts, and international and civil wars that are sweeping the world have helped it to have a presence everywhere. Therefore, it is not surprising that the American political decision enjoys this wide interest.

Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our Master Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, and upon his family and companions, and those who follow his guidance.

Now then: The Prophet’s (PBUH) newspaper is one of the pillars of Islam in Medina and the most prophetic documents that seek to establish the Islamic state in Medina. From it emerge the rulings derived, especially the nature of (political authority) and the administrative and doctrinal (doctrinal) aspects that were mentioned in this pioneering initiative, and the diagnosis of the purposeful human dimensions that the Prophet (PBUH) established between the Muslims of the Muhajireen and Ansar and the other residents of (Yathrib). It drew the foundations of the relationship between these groups in Medina (Yathrib) and obligated them to defend it. It also determined the position towards the archenemy (Quraish) who never ceased to be hostile to the Muslims and incite the tribes against the Prophet (PBUH) and those who followed him.

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and peace and blessings be upon the Master of Messengers, Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets, and his wives, the Mothers of the Believers, and his pure and good family, and his sincere and faithful companions.

Now then:

I have previously written about the importance, distinction, uniqueness, status and position of the Battle of Yarmouk in the two previous researches, which makes repetition unnecessary. There is no doubt that the subject and title of martyrdom in the way of Allah was a major reason for the victory over the Romans that day. Many of the Muslim army at that time wished and were most eager to be martyred in the way of Allah, due to what Allah has prepared for the martyrs of a high status, a great position, a great reward, a precious gift, and a lofty position. The Truth, Glory be to Him, has made clear the ranks and levels of the people of Paradise in the Hereafter, so that the competitors will compete, the contestants will race, the contestants will compete, the workers will work, and the forerunners will advance. He said, and He is the most truthful of speakers: {And indeed, We have made clear the ranks and levels of the people of Paradise in the Hereafter.} ([1]) So the ranks of the Hereafter in Paradise are the pure prophets, then the righteous friends, then… The good martyrs, then the righteous. It is known that prophethood is made and not acquired, meaning that God Almighty makes it for whomever He wills and wants from among His creation and servants, and man has no role or will in this choice and selection. This is first.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and peace and blessings be upon our Master Muhammad, his family and companions. And after:

The Holy Qur’an, this immortal, miraculous book, was revealed in clear Arabic. Divine Providence has refined the vocabulary, selected what is beneficial, and left what is scum. Therefore, its miracle is determined in possessing the meaning in the most beautiful form. In addition to that, for those who do not understand Arabic, it is a musical piece characterized by harmony between the exits and the characteristics of the letters, and harmony in the arrangement of the movements, with the presence of many extensions that reduce the time span of the section and soften its pronunciation. The most of these extensions is the extension of the alif, which is the secret of eloquence ([1]). I found vocabulary with new structures in some Meccan surahs, and the presence of the alif had an effect on their beauty. These vocabulary were not known in Arabic formulation, and they are (the deafening noise, the inevitability, and the catastrophe). All of them are attributes or names for the Day of Resurrection, and they came appropriate to the new religious meaning in Arabic concepts. We will discuss these names in an artistic study that may be new. Of its kind, to present Islamic concepts in beautiful, enjoyable and convincing formats at the same time, as well as to serve the Holy Qur’an in revealing an aspect of its miraculous nature.

Praise be to God for the inspiration He has bestowed, and the mysteries of the sciences He has revealed by bringing out understanding. May prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad, who removed all ambiguity, and upon his family and companions, the most deserving of understanding and wisdom. And after that..

One of the sciences of the Qur’an that must be taken care of is knowing its ambiguities, and it is a noble science that the Salaf took great care of. Al-Bukhari narrated on the authority of Ibn Abbas - may Allah be pleased with them both - who said: (I wanted to ask Omar about the two women who had sworn allegiance to the Messenger of Allah - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - so I stayed for a year and did not find a place for him until I went out with him to perform Hajj. When we were in Dhahran, Omar went to relieve himself and said: Help me with ablution. So I caught up with him. With the vessel, I began to pour water on him and saw a place, so I said, “O Commander of the Faithful, who are the two women who declared their divorce?” Ibn Abbas said, “I had not finished speaking until Aisha and Hafsa said, ‘Then I said, ‘Aisha and Hafsa.’”

Praise be to Allah, we praise Him, seek His aid, ask for His forgiveness, and repent to Him. We seek refuge in Allah from the evils of our souls and the wickedness of our deeds. He whom Allah guides, none can misguide, and he whom He misguides, none can guide. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, alone, without partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family and companions.

After that:

One of the issues that is discussed from time to time is the issue of paving a road through a cemetery, and the ruling on disposing of cemeteries for public interests, such as building airports, universities, or buildings, or benefiting from them in all manner of ways, and the ruling on the graves found in them. Therefore, I decided to dedicate this research to discussing this issue, and collecting the scattered statements of scholars on it.

Praise be to Allah, by whose grace good deeds are accomplished, and by whose mercy calamities are removed and difficulties are made easy. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, the Sustainer of the earth and the heavens, and I bear witness that our Master and Prophet Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, whom Allah sent to the worlds as a bearer of good tidings and a warner, calling to Allah and a shining lamp. I send prayers and peace upon the best of the messengers to the Lord of the Worlds, our Master Muhammad, the Prophet of Mercy, and upon his family and companions, all of them, as long as the heavens and the earth endure.

Now then...

Allah Almighty has distinguished the Islamic nation with many characteristics. Among its characteristics is that Allah has preserved its light and its leader, the Holy Quran, and preserved for it the Sunnah of its Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, because the wisdom of Allah Almighty required that the Islamic Sharia be the final Sharia and its Prophet be the final Prophet. Among the great favors of Allah Almighty to this Sharia is that He prepared for it men who responded to the call of Allah and dedicated themselves to conveying the trust they carried from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.

This study aims at investigating the devices used in generating manipulation of meaning in political discourse. The study will investigate the devices used by politicians to manipulate the truth and achieve political aims. First, it will shed light on the theoretical ground on which this phenomenon is based. Then, it will investigate the linguistic devices used to create this manipulation. The study will be limited to the lexical- semantic devices used in this type of discourse. Also, it will pay more attention to the term "democracy" in its investigation since it is the most used in political communities, yet the most questionable one in its use among politicians.