Journal of Arabic Language and Literature

The research is obseving a sample of production of elite of poets in A modren Iraqi poetry to delection of changing in their culture ... So The romantic effection and the socialisv positive ness in pioneer poetes. to effection by pauatheistic thought. Trotsky and Surrealisn in sixtey th poets so that detected by their poetry text's

The Killing destroying and horror take a big Space in an old Arab poetry .There isn’t any strange about the poetry in Arabs .for example the horror in poet of Hund bunt wtabih –as areaserch which gives us many pictures about horror killing in her doing and Saying She took her revenge for killing of father and brother but she took their dead bodies after killing and made many oterrble style with them In these papers .I will explain .Some words about horror and we depend these in Hund .

This Poper studies the identical Structures as Syntheaic linguistic , foruloy , The Holy Quran intend s to employ them Several tiwes times, and in one formula. This hypothesis requires that the orresponding expression beginnig , and end that one , bound to the context by synthetic links and relationships . here examine the grammatical form of the template structure, its previous and subsequent contextual links. Then, we followed the match placements to reveal that they were renewing their functionality in different locations.

This research is concerned with the level of arguments or mental evidence contained in the ancient Arab poetic discourse, which has great influence in achieving persuasion and involving suspicion and illusion on the mind of the recipient, such as rational arguments in their intricate detail.
This humble study is hoped to be a beacon for those who want to work in the field of rhetorics and persuasion in Andalusian poetry. Our desire is getting the ultimate aims of the study and if we are not successful in this study, at least we have tried. Our hope is that the readers find new information throughout their readings of this study and that they help detect what shortcomings we did in the Arabic literature in those Andalusian cities. After all, perfection is for Allah only and our intention is to seek closure to Allah.

The three schools have dominated the international comparative literature arena for a long time, some of which are still popular - the French school model - and strongly in the Arab region. This dominance appears to be due to the strength of methodological coherence reinforced by the intellectual basis, on the one hand, and the validity of those approaches to general application. On the other hand, by collecting the views of Arab critics in the field of comparative literature, we can take a critical view that establishes a special Arab comparative methodology by making the critique of each school an area in which Arab proposals are presented. It is clear that traditional schools are surrounded by a large number of proposals for methodological renewal globally, and this illustrates the link between new attempts in modern and contemporary contexts that are pressing for the conversion of comparative literature towards the emergence of other schools

Since arabic and Persian language are not from linguisticfamily, and either of these two languages, in terms of expressing grammatical time, they have unique combinations and tips, so the present search, by relying on the contrasting method, and in order to achieve positions of similarity and divergence in the two languages, in terms of expressing grammatical time, trying to study the ways of its expression in these two languages. this research also seeks to analyze the possibilities of grammar in two languages. the arabic language does not suffice to express the grammatical time, as we see in Persian, but, it uses many combinations such as nouns. in addition, arabic has numerous negatives with different meanings which uses them to negate the tense. while in persian I do not see this variation in negation letters. furthermore, arabic language uses various methods to express a specific tense in the negative and positive modes. while the Persian language uses a method to express a tense.
To do some research on these areas, provides practical areas for foreign language teaching. in addition, it opens a bridge for linguistic communication between nations

Amorican occupation of Iraqi had politica’ social and literary consequences. These are reflecf in Arab current poem especially Iraqi’s poem. Poem that explain the problem related to Iraqi occupation is the branch of resistance literature. That being more common the Iraqi current generation who touch harmful occupation disaster with their blood and flesh. In this connection current Iraqi poet Australia resident in his poems about problems occupation of Iraqi and draw all its unpleasant resuits.
And in this situation payad for proudful Iraqi history in past centuries till exist enthusiasm soul and consistency Iraqi people. However they said a lot about the problems related to Iraqi occupation. As well as this Samavi of Emam Hossein and Emam Mahdi as two theology eminent sambol called the in case of follow of their way people of Iraqi be able to run aways occupationary strangers from his government. Samavi for conveying better of resistance message and consistence to singers has profit from secret technique and used from both history and natural secret aspects his natural were as Gorg khook Malach and his history secret as Omar Yaser Hollakoh Sallahedeen Ayoobi and ect. The curvreat paper Present research is this that diverse fromwork Iraqi occupation by Nato by America leadership had extensive reflection in Samavi poem.

Repetition is a significant style in Hamid Al-Harizi's book "the insane views in the age of globalization"; and it shows his psychological impacts and his support of repeated things. He, using this repetition, tries to emphasize a thought that is clear in his imagination and sense. Not only Repetition in Al-Harizi's poetry shapes the in-text tone, but also, helps to send the idea to the reader. Poet used the phenomenon of repetition in its three types: the letter, the word, and the phrase; and he was proficient in the use of repetition in his poetic experience. In this research, the descriptive-analytic approach aims at exploring the expressionistic energies and the technical influences behind this remarkable stylistic phenomenon. Through following and exploring this collection, it becomes clear that this phenomenon appears in different forms starting from the letter and extending to the word and phrase. Each form manifests a particular effect that achieves emotional, sensory and rhythmical interaction. One of the most important findings of this study is that repetition in Al-Harizi's poetry is interesting and reflects the emotions and poems of the poet.And in addition to the musical interest in the text, it contributes to the enrichment of the semantics and entrenched in the minds.

A critical Reading in Shawqi Dhaif's The First Abbasid Era
One of the conditions of scientific research is that the researcher should adhere to non –bias whether it is scientific or historical . The researcher should also be above leanings and passions. Where he has to convey the issues as they are especially the matters related to the biography of poets and men of letters . From the study , It followed that Dr.Shoaqi Dhaif in his book –the History of Arab Literature sided with some poets where he deemed them right , but that was against the principles of the scientific research

The research presents the concept of "forgiveness" as a strategy of forgetting; forgetfulness as an art or a happy memory. Paul Ricorer affirms the philosophical concept of Jacques Derrida, which distanced itself from the concept of forgiveness in its first religious presence, its legal or political space, Or any agreements that deviate from the concept of its effectiveness, which is commensurate with the events of violations, so as to reach the bonds of communication and coexistence among communities in multicultural societies, events that require the need to be aware of the concept of forgiveness in societies of sectarian or ideological conflicts

Nahj Al-Balagah as the holiest and most eloguent book of moslems & Arab has arracted arab critics attention, and many tried their hand in discovering reasons behind this eloquence. Text analysis is modern science that is able to study different passages and explain their integration and disunity. Since Nahjolbalagah after Quran is the most eloquent literary work, studing the reasons behind this eloquence demands special instrument based on modern methods to discover the coherence and relationship between its elements.
This study based on analytical-critical-descriptional method and according to big theary-makers like Halliday & Rugayeh Hasan, tries to discover relationship behind coherence of this Sermon. After research we find that this sermon with it’s variety subjects, rotates around one main matter, and it’s struggle between wisdom & spirit or deveil spirit, and all coherence instruments are applied to portrait this conflict between them

The aim of this research, that put light on the discoursive communication between males and females. It concerns effect of social and cultural situations in performance and interpretation of speech acts between male and female. According to this view, the researcher treats with this problematic by the approach of cross-cultural pragmatic linguistics, which sees that communicative process ruled by the principle of interpretive relation which, on the other hand, rules by pragmatic competence of speaker and hearer. Furthermost, it's cognitive environment. But we should to heeded our eyes to importance of context and its elements in this study. Because the context is a main factor in communication, especially among different cultures and gender

Persuasion and synthesis in the love speech created by Imam Ali in the rhetoric approach provides aesthetic formula reflected in the eloquence of the composition and its ability to generate overtones what raises the mind of the recipient and attracts him to the virtues that deepen the ways of good, and strengthen his relationship with God Almighty, and this is manifested In the various methods of questioning, call, prayer, oath and command, these methods inspire the emotion of love in his speech, and open to the addressee a world of visions boundless

Rain Song (Unshudat almatar) is a qasida by Iraqi poet Badr Shakir al-Sayyab. He versed it at a time when his thoughts and poems changed from romanticism to realism. This change influenced his poetic images and lead him to leave the romantic and emotional topics that he used to present as minor and scatter images in his poems. He started to present his realistic thoughts as a set of coherent and continuous. Here we utilize a descriptive-analytic approach to study the reasons of this change. We find that the thoughts and beliefs of the poem developed under the influence of the social and political situations and his acquaintance with images in western poems. Al-Sayyab’s beliefs, emotions, and poetic dreams became complex, profound, and coherent, so that the partial and scatter images in a traditional qasida were not able to represent them. Therefore, the poet used elements such as cadence, mystery, contrast, and myth to mix new thoughts in a set of coherent and continuous images and successfully represented the qasida as a unit image of the revolution against tyranny.

Nazik Al-Malaika and Al-Sayyab made a massive challenging on the Arabic poetry structures whereas they created basic differences in its shape. After this remonstrates, A-Bayati appeared in the Arabic poetry arena to continue these challenges and make new differences on content and poetic image. Thereby Al-Bayati succeeded to provide new poetic models and changed dispatches of new modern poetry so that poetry has become confined to the issues of society (cultural and political) including nastiness and goodness surrounding it. That was after that the Arab poetry since long ages concerned with special contents such as praise, satire and pride or things related to the poet himself like romantic poems. But Al-Bayati came and dealt with cultural patterns rooted in society, in other words, he introduced new ones in order to reform and influence the future generations of poets. In this spirit we decided to study the cultural patterns rooted in the poetry of one of the poets who has seen the sixties generation. The pioneer’s generation that came after Al-Bayati whereas the paper examines Amal Donqol to see the extent of Al-Bayati’s influence in changing the message of poetry and his effect on modern poetry, through studying the cultural patterns dealt with by Amal Donqul in his poetry and its balance with the most important formats in Al-Bayati’s poetry with the analytical-descriptive approach. Among the results that we reached in this research are: Amal Donqol, as one of the most prominent poets of the

The research aims to show the several images which the adverb appears in the Arabic language in terms of the verses of the Holy Quran and the Quranic miracles by using the methods of the Arabic language ,so the research was based on two axes preceded by the introduction and followed by the conclusion. the first axis dealt with defining the adverb linguistically and idiomatically, while the second axis was to show the patterns of images of the adverb in Surat Hood, which is axis of the research study.

It is not known among investigators in the science of origins to discuss contextual significance as an independent title that fell under their consideration in research and scrutiny, as is their custom in their fundamentalist research, but whoever follows their words clearly finds the expression of the contextual significance in many of their reasoning, as well as the jurists share with them what he feels that this significance has occurred In their interest

This study tries to explain the effect of rhythm on the textual cohesion in the anthology of the Umayyad poet Al-Arji, following the integrative approach, which instead of following a specific method, it tries to take advantage of all modern approaches to directly analyze the texts of Al-Arji poetry. It reveals the effect of rhythm to achieve textual cohesion, based on the fact that Al-Araji, in his attempt of expressing his experience, uses his available potentials peculiarly, on several levels; sound, syntax and semantics. By creating the rhythm of these levels among other elements constituting his poetry, the poetic text is formed and gains its specificity. The study, in quality and content, requires sectioning into a forward and introduction to elucidate the two key terms: the rhythm and textual cohesion, and two topics