Basra studies journal

In this book, writing about a frightening disease such as cancer took a special style that does not rely on repeated clichés or stereotypical ideas, but rather it is a lived experience in its details without being overwhelmed by human feelings and emotions during fear and major shocks.
This book is an alternative narrative to the idea of illness that came about by getting rid of the dominance of metaphors and the emotional weight that accompanies the patient and that is transmitted to him through general perceptions that make him bear a hidden guilt in the illness instead of giving him understanding and support.

This research addresses the phenomenon of conversational implicature in Qur'anic discourse by examining the story of Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) and the righteous servant in Surah Al-Kahf. The study focuses on analyzing the implicit meanings conveyed by specific structural and declarative expressions, as well as their pragmatic purposes, within their contextual and communicative settings. Drawing upon various interpretations and scholarly opinions, the researcher aims to apply pragmatic analysis to the dialogue texts in the story of Moses and the righteous servant. Special attention is given to the objectives and messages embedded within the Qur'anic dialogue.

The title serves as a crucial indicator for reconstructing the text and comprehending its content by arranging the meaning points into an integrated framework. It underscores the effectiveness of communication with the reader by offering interpretations and suggestions that foster a balance and resonance with the reader\'s psychological state and cultural background, thereby contributing to an understanding of the text. The title plays a central role in achieving balance and coherence, helping to reveal the meanings and ideas embedded within the text.

This study explores the significance of the conditional style and its response through an analysis of Surah Al-Baqarah. The theoretical section introduces the concepts of style, emphasis, condition, and response, along with associated grammatical issues. Surah Al-Baqarah serves as a rich source for the applied analysis, where the researcher examines several key issues related to the conditional style, such as the use of "in" (إنْ) and "whenever" (كلما), the conjunction of the conditional response with "fa" (فَ), and issues of ellipsis and conjunction. These are explored by clarifying the syntactic implications and connecting them to the views of interpreters and grammarians.

This study aims to explore the reasons and factors that motivated the United States of America to occupy Iraq, assess the resulting military, social, and economic conditions, and examine the various problems and disturbances that ensued. It also identifies the most significant decisions made by the American occupation authority, including the dissolution of the Iraqi military institution, which led to a security and military vacuum. Consequently, a decision was made to rebuild the Iraqi army and the broader General Military Institution. This research emphasizes the role and impact of international support on the General Military Institution, highlighting how it contributed to overcoming the terrorist organization ISIS, modernizing the military, and fostering development despite the challenges and negative repercussions that remained.

The gender-age structure is one of the natural demographic characteristics that prevents human intervention and change. The gender structure divides the population into males and females, or into age groups that may be single, quintiles, or decimals for both sexes. This type of structure is considered an essential foundation in the study of population behavior represented by reproductive behavior, mortality, and migration, and the impact of these phenomena on changing the size of the population and its growth, in addition to its impact on community services, their variation, and the extent to which the population’s renewable needs are met. The research deals with the numbers of males and females at the governorate level and the variation in their gender ratio, as well as the reasons and factors influencing that variation at the governorate level. While the age structure specialized in studying the age groups for the broad and five-year categories and the reasons for their spatial variation at the governorate level, While the age structure specialized in studying the age groups for the broad and five-year categories and the reasons for their spatial variation at the governorate level, In addition to the indicators of age structure, which were the median age, the population pyramid, the dependency ratio, and the index of longevity, Which is considered a measure and criterion for knowing the stage that a population is going through (adolescence, youth, old age).

The Shatt al-Arab River, originally formed by the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Qurna, north of Basra (a situation altered by the cutoff of the Euphrates flow in recent years), passes through Basra’s lands and serves as the primary source of water for various purposes. Presently, the Shatt al-Arab faces significant water quality degradation due to reduced freshwater inflows, tidal influences that allow seawater intrusion upstream, and pollution. Given that Basra\'s city center has a high population density and heavy dependence on the river\'s water, it was chosen as the focus of this study. The research examined salinity fluctuations through continuous hourly measurements over several months from 2018 to 2020. Findings indicate that temporal factors significantly influence salinity variations, with changes occurring annually, monthly, daily, and even hourly. These temporal changes are closely linked with freshwater discharge levels and tidal movements, shaping salinity

تم تحديد منطقة الدراسة بالجزء الغربي من محافظة البصرة المتمثل بصحراء الزبير، وتناولت الدراسة ماهية جنس نبات(Plantago spp.) والعوامل الجغرافية المؤثرة في تواجده بشكل عام، والتوزيع المكاني له في المنطقة، والتي منها نوع لقمة النعجة (Plantago boisseri ) وكباش، وأذن السخلة (Plantago ovata Forssk. ) وأذن السخلة ( Plantago lanceolata L.), وربلة بني (Plantago amplexicaulis Cav.)، فضلا عن التعرف على الأهمية الاقتصادية لهذا النبات وبشكل خاص الاستخدامات الطبية, كالوقاية من مشاكل الجهاز الهضمي, ومن متلازمة القولون العصبي, وتعزيز صحة القلب وجهاز الدوران, والحفاظ على وزن سليم, والوقاية من مرض السكري، وختمت الدراسة بالتوصيات ومنها التوصية بالاستزراع والانتاجية للنبات, من خلال توفير بيئة ملائمة لنموه للاستفادة منه اقتصاديا، وكذلك عدم استخدام النبات للعلاج دون معرفة مسبّقة أو استشارة المختصين لوجود أضرار جانبية كبيرة عن سوء الاستخدام.

During the period (1988-2020), wet years in the Tigris River basin are marked by a significant increase in water inflows and rapid peak timing. Analyzing the hydrological characteristics of these wet years, including flood levels and discharge characteristics (annual, seasonal, and monthly), is essential for illustrating the variability in water inflows. This research aims to analyze exceptional annual water inflows recorded within the Tigris River basin (Iraq) during the period (1988-2020) and compare the water inflows of two flood years (1987-1988 and 2018-2019). Additionally, it examines the economic, social, and environmental impacts of the 2018-2019 water year floods on the river basin. Such studies are of critical importance for mitigating the effects of peak flood waves and reducing their impact on development projects within the basin.

The aim of this research is to study the analysis and evaluation of health center distribution patterns in Al-Zubair district, using spatial statistical analysis tools of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) outputs. This is achieved through the application of nearest neighbour analysis, service area analysis based on population and number of centers, and illustrating the results on maps of the study area to diagnose sectors served by well or moderately available health centers, and sectors deprived of health centers. This helps in determining their spatial suitability according to the planning standards of local health centers approved by the Ministry of Health to build a spatial model for selecting the best suitable locations for

The Basra District witnessed a remarkable development in traditional economic activity, especially the agricultural sector, which was practiced by many of the people of the District. This was helped by the nature of agricultural lands and the availability of water, which led to the prosperity of palm cultivation, which spread in various areas of the District. Palm cultivation helped in the emergence of a number of The industries that were associated with it, including the date pressing industry, as these presses spread, were not all owned by the people in the palm growing areas, and agriculture constituted an important resource for the Iraqi treasury for the district. However, these economic activities were not without some problems, which were proven by government reports regarding the flood. Agriculture was greatly affected, including problems between the farmer and the landowners. The animal revolution had a limited impact on the development of the agricultural economy, due to the spread of infectious diseases among animals, as well as the weakness of the veterinary staff in treating diseases. The Agricultural Bank had a major impact in supporting the farmer by giving advances. For land-owning farmers, which led to the development of the agricultural sector and contributed to the economic development of Iraq in general and the Basra District in particular.

The research dealt with studying the uses of urban land in the Al-thagher district and how to distribute them using geographical information systems to identify the ability of urban institutions in the district to meet the needs of its residents . the study focused on the on the most important uses of urban land in the Al-thaghr district , which are residential , industrial , commercial , and religious institutoons in his research , the researcher used arc gis 10.8 and excel to analyze data

One of the most important means and tools used in spreading the culture and principles of human rights is through education and teaching. This is because such a method or tool deals with and interacts with a wide range of young people, who are the most dynamic and influential segment of society. They will be the actual leading segment of the future. Therefore, the attention to this process is one of the most important tools for disseminating the culture of human rights and transforming it from principles and methodologies into daily behaviour within the reality of life. This will increase the chances of success in reducing the occurrence of violations, as well as the possibility of promoting a spirit of peaceful coexistence, acceptance of others, rejection of violence, and ensuring the requirements of the right to life for all without discrimination.

This research aims to quantify the intellectual output published in the Basra Arts Journal from 2013 to 2022 and to analyze author productivity as well as the topics covered by the journal. A quantitative methodology was utilized. The findings indicate that 626 papers were published in the journal during this period, comprising 535 articles in Arabic and 91 articles in English. The Arabic language was the most prominent subject, with 209 published papers, according to the topical distribution of the research. The study also recommends continuing efforts to publish a second cumulative index for the journal, following the release of the first index, which covered issues 1-82 for the period 1968-2018.

Aspecific Refered Journal Published by the center of Basra Studies &Arab Gulf Basrah University