Journal of Kirkuk University Humanity Studies

The current paper tries to tackle an important issue , i.e. , " Legislation’s related to biwife husband in Islamic Sharia " . Undoubtedly , Islam has put foster mother with the same rank as the mother herself . As for the husband of the foster mother , Islamic legislators have different views about his relation with the foster child . They also differ about his sons relation from another wife . with the foster child from his first

Since the 1920s, the gradual development of technology has played a crucial role in improving educational settings. Educators over the years, through technology, have been able to develop a better understanding about various elements of the instructional strategies that have motivated students in the learning process. In the last three decades, computers as collective resources, including computer-based support system, instructional system, and media have been utilized to enhance the educational environment more than ever before.
The use of educational technologies provides the skills required for preparing students to function properly in the real world. Such technologies set new academic requirements to transform educational programs to a higher level, where the learning environment would embrace the rapidly evolving world into a new information age.
This promotes the educational themes by designing new learning techniques.
Teachers also need to demonstrate knowledge and skills relevant to the technological growth and its continued impact on improving their professional and task-oriented practice .
21st century classrooms should be transformed into smart classrooms, where students have easy access to interactive technologies and Internet to advance their knowledge .

Abstract
Literary and Critical News of Pre-Islamic Arab Poets in AL-bahanni´s Kitabulaghani (collection, classification, study and documentation ) .
This research presents the literary and critical material, in Al-Asbahani´s Kitabulaghani, that is related to the Jahili poets.
It is documented scientically that allows for the researcher to depend on ir in his scientific study
At the same time, it is enough to read that material, better than to read that book.
Exploring in some documented selection, gives a neat picture for the nature of criticism, and what it is for the critics of Jahili and Islamic poets, on a clear critical approach that might defeat many sayings about what has been said on that approach in that period.
Also, the research adds a new scientific effort in the field of criticism and literature, and another light ,with it, it can be reached to a better understanding to the literary and critic thought for the Arab critics.

The Impact of Sex in choosing the Academic Specialization in the Iraqi Universities
University period is one of the important stages of individual preparation for the profession of the future, and the Research aims at Studying Sex differences in choosing academic specialization's at the Iraqi Universities.
Limiting to Samples of the mal and female students accepts at Baghdad University and Mustansiriya University for the academic year 2002-2003, as for the professional Environments according to the research aims, the Academic Specialization.
The total number of the Students was (1131);(655) male student and (416) female students were distributed in the six environments , (30) male students and (30) female students have been chosen randomly from each professional environment and were distributed in the analogous department of the profess-ional environments ; thus ,the total sample was (180) male students and (180) female students , the researcher used ( S.D.S){HOLLAND- KHALID } Scale arabized and amended for Iraqi environment in (2003)after scales have shown significance of validity and reliability that justify using them in personal and Investigative sides in Iraqi environments. and Researcher was Hypothesis that the performance of the male students is the same as the performance of the female students in all the six environments. Thus the Researcher used the statistical means are as follow:(Arithmetic Medium , person correlation coffined , Standard Deviation , T – Value for two independent values ) . The Results sows that are a statistical sex difference in the:
1-Realistic Environment on the Realistic and Enterprising Scales for the Male students.
2-and in the Investigative Environment on the Investigative and Enterprising scales are for the male students and for the female students on the Artistic scale.
3- And on the Artistic Environment was for the Male students in the realistic and Conventional Scales.
4-in the Social Environment was for the female students on the Artistic, Social and Conventional Scales.
5-and the results show in the Enterprising Environment on the Realistic, Investigative and Enterprising Scales for the male students.
6-But in the Conventional Environment on the Realistic scale for the male students and on the Artistic scale for the female students.

Al-Buraimi crisis 1949-1974
It is considered as one of the important and complicated crises, which happened at the Arabian Gulf in the second half of the 20th century. It took a lot more complication since at was among more than two factions, and on more than two requirement. This dispute on the borders among Saudi Arabia, Oman and Abu Dhabi appeared more than before, after 1949. Before that, there was on clear dispute. The most important reasons that led to a rise this dispute is that they were expecting oil there. Since the American and British companies were sharing excellencies at the Arabian Gulf, which led to make their interests common in the region. This made the international Oil companies arise the dispute among the Arabian factions. The Arabian Gulf states competed to assure their control on that ared either by claiming or tempting the sheikhs of the area with money and imposing control on it. The influence of this crisis on the regional policy in the Arabian Gulf continued from 1949 until 1971, the year that British with drew from the Arabian Gulf. After that happened, the concerned factions felt the necessity of solving this problem because of the changes at the international and strategic situation. They solved it by negotiation and sharing the oil fields and the sea way-out. It has been solved with Oman, and Saudi Arabia in1971; and then with U.A.E. and Saudi Arabia in 1974. Thus, this crisis, which had a great influence on the Arabian-Arabian relations for about twenty-five years, ended.

Abstract

“Civil society “ A concept which it is name connected with the west and it is civilization and it has a deep connection
With it . elements of the expression points to the experiences and the experiments of the peoples of this civilization .
By the begging of the 17th century and by the differences and experiences begin to emerge . it is concepts , by a group of mental philosophies and more by sciences of mathematics and astrology ( lauk , speenoza , bofendroof , galylo , hops , rousseau , ………..)
Each of these persons had participate in a part of the elements of the theory of the civil society
After one century of absence , this idea returned to emerge . with the beginning of the twentyth century , after adding news meanings , by the Italian communist philosophy .

“ Antonio gramscie, who considered the meaning of the conception as a part of upper construction of the state
It is duty is to control by the culture and ideology, to be distinguished from the political society . This idea show the relation between civil society and the state through the upper construction of the state, by it is lawful and constitutional meaning is the state of “ justice and law “. Civil society by it is connection with state confirm that this conurbation is done through large social ranks and the organization which exist inside but the independence of these organizations and the continuity of the ranks the relations between them are done.
Finding the civil society through it is concrete fact through it is organization and it is establishments is the base of the existence of the state of law whose meaning become deeper through the active contribution of these establishments.
The role of this society doesn’t finish her but it continue in facing the ambitions of political systems which prevents the practice of the public freedoms which The civil society calling for

For our Arabic reality and the activity of civil society which are excited in it , and if we talk about Iraqi society as one of these societies , a lot of organizations begun to work after the political transformation and the role of these organizations under occupation show the activity of so called democratic transformation and show the need of these societies to mental readiness and cultural at mospher with respect to the human dignity and freedom . democracy means the wish of the human groups to administrate their matter rationally with great contraption in making resolution. To make constitutional acts and laws as real thinks that push to construct the law basis, for the establishments of state and it is different parts this from one side, and from other side to give an active role for the civil society organization by making internal restorations in the systems of the organizations especially in practicing the democracy in it’s internal parts.

This research deals with the effort of one of the first reciters of the holy Quran , who is Asim Al – Johdori ,
Al-Johdori has many recitations amounting to two hundred and sixty nine.
The research classifies his recitations according to the levels of the linguistic analysis beginning with the phenomenon of phonetic transformations in his recitations like the transformation form the voiced vowel ( u ) to the vowel ( I ) and vice versa .
Then the research is concerned with morphological phenomenon in the recitation of Al – Johdori like the morphological transformation, that is to say transforming the structure from the active participle to the exay geration form and vice versa in addition to studing the stylistic phenomenon which is pertinent to the conditions of sinential inflection and the formation functions of participles .
The research ends with an appendix including the recitation of Al – Johdori arranged according to the places of their appearance in the Holy Quran .

A number of users such as owners , investors , money Lenders and other formal groups and others concerned with financial statements that are prepared by economic statements that are prepared by economic units(such as companies),at the end of a financial year are regarded as the foundation on which rely the users in making several decisions .During making decisions, those of different interests face the element of uncertainty which requires study and analyzing financial statements accurately and deeply .The Research problem represented in the following result of accounting announcement above the financial analysis according to the available alternatives .Assumption depends on basic issue which is providing and insuring information about all items of financial statements and that will contribute in having accurate results.

The poetical language carries the feelings, passions, and imaginations that are mixed with reality.it is come from the internal and external conflicts that he is suffering from.this language will be a true mirror to explore the psychological looks that he feelstowards a specific experience.that language consists of basic components that lead to make imaginations. so,the thinking structures of al-khansa have been determined remarkably in its poetical language.this pushed us to stop and review the most important concepts and their values in the middle of that poetical discours.this study came to rise the thinking for al-khansa thcough her poetical language. they are determined through the concepts of psychological struggle. however, we wanted to represent firstly the importance of that languge and it was formed and the mechanism of its representation of the artistic pictures. we wanted to stop at that arguing (eye,crying,tears),since they are about %90 of her poetry. this research has concluded the poetivity of poet,that has been opened after the death of her two brothers(muawiya and sakhr) and especially sakhr.this led to convert her poetry to a poetry of weeping. this crisis made her to record her case. She used avery good style, baut her poetical ability has enabled her to use to make the suitable for her hot feelings through organizing the structural contexts. the first thing to pay attention to,is the contextual organization that gets the beginings of her poems.she is very stuck to the argument of sadness through thlking with the eye and askink that eye to shed more tears for the sake of sakhr.sometimes you do not find even one poem that has happiness.

Abstract

This study deals with the modern American poet Allan Ginsberg who lived between the years 1926 and 1997 .
He belongs to a group of poets who became known after the second world war as" The Beat Generation " The group included the poet Jack Keronac who was the first to use the term " The Beat Generation " in 1948 . This group of pots called for going back to essential sources in addition to the use of spoken language and shocking imagery , Moreover , they showed concernin subjects related to sex , drugs and hallucination as it is clear in Ginsberg's poetry . These poets show a common concern in spiritual and political subjects which came as a reaction to the fatal conditions under which people lived after the second world war and American's involvement in it and in Vietnam.