Iraqi National Journal Of Chemistry

Abstract This project includes Prepration and identification the complexes of amino acid (Serine and Aspartic acid ) with some ions of trace elements which are needed the human body such as (Mo+6 , Se+4 , Vo+2 ) and the prepared complexes which are solid crystals were studies and identification by the following methods .1-Thermal stability .2-Solubility (solubility in buffer solution ) .3-Molar conductivity .4-Elemental analysis .5-Determination the percentage rat of the metal in the complexes by spectral of atomic absorption .6-The spectral studies (Infrared Spectra , UV-Visible )7-Determination a quantitative of chloride .From this identification studies can give the structure formula for the complexes which were prepared with amino acid .1)Complexes (Vo+2) that is a pyramid have a structure formula as [Vo(AA)2] , when AA= Amino acid (Ser ,Asp ) .2)Hexa coordination has octahedral which given the structure formula [M(AA)2Cl2 ] when M= (Se+4 ) .3)Hexa coordination complexes have octahedral which given the structure [M(AA)3 ]Cl3 when M= Mo+6 .The complex which prepare are soluble crystal solid material in buffer solution (pH= 6-8 ) , that have a good thermal stability ,and Non-Electrolyte except the complexes of Molybdenum (VI) with amino acid (Ser , Asp ) are electrolyte as a ratio (1:3 ) ( Ligand : Ion ) .The amino acid are behavior bidentate ligands connected with central ion by the oxygen atom in carboxyl group and the nitrogen atom in amino group (-NH2 ) .

Two cellulolyltic fungi (T.harzianum) isolated from the Pesticide (biocout)
And (A.nadulans) was isolated from a soil of tomato farm, were grew on PDA ( 4
days ,pH = 5.2 and 30C°
),for cellulase production. Cellulase produced using SSF
technology by incubation of cotton textile residues (carbon source).
Three type of cellulase were produced :
- Endoglucanase give high activity on the 7th day of incubation for T.harzianum
(1.54 U/ml) , while A.nadulans give at the same day ( 1.48U/ml) , and they give
total activity (15.4 and 14.8/gm carbon source ) respectively
Exoglucanase give an observed highest activity for T.harzianum in the 7th day of
incubation (0.416U/ml), while A.nadulans have (0.159U/ml) in the same day.
Having total activity (4.16 and 1.59/gm carbon source ) respectively.
- While β-glucosidase on the other hand , A.nadulans give an enzymatic activity
higher than T.harzianum ( 6.45 and 5.61 ) U/ml respectively , and the total activity
values for the two fungus
are ( 64.5 and 56.1 ) / gm carbon source.

Chemical potentiation of equeous extracts of Ginger ( Zingiber Officinale
Roscoe) rhizome in terms of adventitious root formation (ARF)of mung bean
(Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) cutting was carried out by adding chemical substances of
different nature, during aging of cutting for 3 – days in aqueous extract . However ,
the chemicals that were added to potentiate the extract during aging period are :-
A) Carbohydrates (eg : sucrose and glucose )
B) Vitamins (eg : ascorbic acid )
C) Nitrogenous compounds (eg : (NH4)2SO4 )
However , stem cutting as "exprimantal system" were taken from10–days–old
seedlings of mung bean.These seedlings were growing in growth cabinet under
standard conditions of contineuos light,light irradiance (3000-3500 lux) temperatuere
(25±1)and relative humidity(60-70%).The results revealed the followings:-
1-The optimum concentration of giniger extract was 0.1% in terms of ARF.The mean
root no./cutting formed at this conc.is (3.7 folds)than control (Fresh untreated cutting
with auxin).
2-The processes that occurs during aging which lead to diminishing rooting response
in aged cuttings was overcomed or stopped completely by water extract of giniger at
conc.of 0.01%.
3-Statistically,the significant role of sucrose,glucose and ascorbic acid at
conc.[(1.5%)(1.0and1.5%)and 400ppm]respectively in stopping the processes that
occurs during aging that render the cutting to respond for rooting as if they were fresh
cuttings.
4-Potentiation of giniger extract in terms of ARF.in mung bean cuttings occurred by
adding(NH4)2SO4 (0.025%)and glucose (1.5 and 2)% to the extract.The potentiation
was represented by significant increase in rooting response of cutting aged in such
extracts.Surprisingly,such increament was markedly skipped( raised over ) that of
fresh cuttings

Abstract The present study includes analytical method for determination of the drug Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride (CPH) in some Pharmaceuticals using Molecular Absorption, in addition to investigating complexes obtained throughout. The analytical data obtained throughout this study could be summaries as follows: The optimal experimental condition for the chelate formation: (pH=1.8); concentration of Pd(II) (20 mg.ml-1); reaction time (8 minutes); aqueous -to- organic phases (5:3); extraction time of complex (1.5 minute); Benzyl alcohol proved to be the best solvent for extraction of the complex CPH-Pd(II) without interference. lmax= 459 nm metal -to-ligand (1:1); stability constant of complex CPH-Pd(II) (6.93´108 M-1). Analytical figures of merits for determination of CPH using the developed procedure: Linear dynamic range (3-70)mg.ml-1; Corrolation coffecient (r= 0.9993), Sandell Sensitivity (S=0.0452mg.cm-2) ; D.L (0.13 mg.ml-1); Erel.% (0.18%); RSD% (3.74%), Recovery % (100.2±0.42)%. Direct and standard addition methods were applied to both standards and specimens of pharmaceutical. Stability of complex was also investigated. For optimization of experimental condition, the response surface method (RSM) was applied and data obtained were found similar. This method has been applied to determination CPH in the well-known pharmaceutical Epichlor.

Abstract: The thermodynamic stabilities of the silver ion with some diaza-crown ethers have been determined conductometrically in acetonitrale as a solvent at different temperature both the ligand structure and the lagand-solvent interaction influence the relative stabilities of the complexes. The enthalpy and entropy of complexation were determined from the temperature dependence of the complexation constants. The complexation process is enthalpy governed.

Abstract The equilibrium geometries , heat of formations, dipole moments , ionization energies, HOMO- LUMO orbital energies, charge and electron densities , and the ir spectra for ethynethiol and ethynedithiol molecules were evaluated theoretically .The calculation method was based on the semi-empirical MINDO/3-FORCES MO method. In comparison with ethynethiol , the second molecule has the lower values for both frequency and ir intensity values of the fundamental vibration localized at the CC bond and , also, it has the higher value for the frequency of the other fundamental concentrated at the CS bond. This effect may be due to the resonance effect caused by the S atom

AbstractThis work reports the specific conductivities of monochloroacetic acidelectrolyte in a binary mixture solvent of ethanol and water that it covered threesolvent compositions ; 0.0586 , 0.0855 and 0.1108 measured in a temperture rangefrom 298.15 to 318.15 K . The molar conductivities of the monochloroacetic acidelectrolyte are treated by employing the Debye – Huckel –Onsager ( DHO) equation .The limiting molar conductivities of monochloroacetic acid electrolyte , classicaldissociation constants and the degree of dissociation are etimated . Furthermore , thethermodynamic dissociation constants " K " and standard thermodynamic functionsof the dissociation process are calculated and discussed . Walden product , correctedStokes radius and the energy of activation at limiting dilution for the movement ofCICH2COO- and H3O+ ions are determined . The results showed the important rolefor the dielectric constant and the viscosity of mixture of ethanol and water in allvalues .

AbstractA novel derivative of Benzaldehyde [5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]hydrazone have been synthesized and reacted with following transition metal salts (CoCl2.6H2O, NiCl2.6H2O and CuCl2.2H2O). The free ligand and its complexes have been investigation by atomic absorption, FTIR, UV, magnetic susceptibility, atomic absorption, continuous variation and molar conductivity. The Semi-Empirical (PM3) method was used to calculate the electric energies, binding energy, heat of formation, band length, theoretical IR and UV spectra.The calculated theoretical values were in good agreement with the experimental measured values.

Abstract A sensitive ,selective and rapid spectrophotometric method was used for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium ion by using the reagent 2-[(Nitro- -benzothiazolyl)azo]-4,5-diphenyl imidazole (6-NO2BTADI).This reagent reacts with Cd(п) in the pH rang (7.5-8.5) to from purle complex .Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of (1-11)μg.ml-1 and the stability constant was found to be 5.11x108L2.mol-1.The molar absorptivity and sandell’s sensitivity values of Cd(п) complex were found to be 0.135 x 103 L2.mol-1.cm-1 and 2.2 x10-3 μg.cm-3 respectively at λmax 531 nm. The detection limit , relative standard deviation , relative errors and recovery values for this spectrophotometric method were found to be D.L=0.237 ;R.S.D%= 0.431 ; Erel%=2.85 ;Re %=97.14 .The stoichometry of metal to reagent (M:L)were 1:2 for Cd(п)-complex by using continuous variation and mole ratio. The most important interference were due to Co2+, Ni2+,Cr2+,Mg2+,Ca2+,Zn2+,Hg2+,Ba2+,WO42- and suitable masking agents were used tartaric acid ,oxalic acid ,citric acid and ascorbic acid

Abstract In this present work a novel derivatives of 1,3,4-Triazol, 1,3,4-Thiadiazol and 1,3,4-Oxadiazol were prepared via aromatic Schiff's bases. The new prepared compounds identified by their m.ps, I.R, UV-Visible and H.N.M.R spectra. The activity of 1,3,4-Triazol(7) , 1,3,4-Thiadiazol(8) and 1,3,4-oxadiazol(9) were tested against E.coli, Staphyllococus aureus, Klebsilla spp, Streptococcus pyogen, Listeria Moncytogen, Sallmonela typhi., Pseudoms aerugenosa and Brucella.

Abstract Decaboxylative Transamination of the α-amino acids glycine , alanine and tyrosine in the presence of the symmetrical and asymmetrical benzoins [ 4,4´ - di methyl benzoin , 4,4´ - di chloro benzoin and 4- amino benzoin led to the formation of oxazoles ,tetra –substituted pyrazine and the corresponding benzils.

Abstract Urease was immobilized in gelatin beads. The optimum immobilization (79% activity) was observed at 4 C˚ with protein concentration of 1.0 mg/ml. the apparent optimum pH shifted from 7.5 to 6.5. Immobilized urease showed optimum activity at 60 C˚ compared with 40 C˚ for the soluble urease.The immobilized urease remained very active over long period of time and this enzyme lost about 40% of its original activity over the period of 60 days for storage at 4C compared with soluble urease which lost about 75% its activity in the same conditions. Blood urea estimation is carried out with immobilized enzyme beads compared with soluble enzyme and the beads can be used repeatedly for this purpose making it economical procedure compared to standard chemical method.

AbstractUrease was extracted from uropathogenic P.mirabilis using Lauria agar and then purified by ion- exchange chromatography using DEAE-cellulose and gel filtration chromatography on Sephacryl S-200 column. The purification fold was 13.86 and the yield was 45.4%. The molecular weight of urease was estimated by gel filtration and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The native molecular weight of the enzyme using gel filtration was about 174000 Daltons whereas SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed three bands and the molecular weight for these bands were (53.70, 31.68, 20.89) kDa respectively.

AbstractThe enzymatic activity (exo and endo cellular) of Candida albicans was studies in vitro. The yeast was grown in SDA and the phospholipase activity was measured by plate method, and assayed by use lecithin extracted from egg yolk one of the phosholipid as substrate. The reaction products depend on fatty acid librated from lecithin degradation by enzyme.

AbstractHeart problems are an important cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. High cholesterol is an important cause which might start in childhood The aim of this study is to assess lipid profile as a risk factor for heart disease. Fifty two children with diabetes mellitus type 1 were assessed regarding their lipid profile compared to 37 non diabetic children. The results shows that growth parameters were found lagging behind the normal range for age and sex.Cholesterol and LDL(Low Density Lipoprotein) were found high compared to control group(P<0 .05).

Abstract This study was designed to investigate Lipid profile pattern and Lipid peroxidation in 40 Iraqi men newly diagnosed with non – insulin dependent diabetes mellitus ( NIDDM) compared to 40 healthy non- diabetic control. The results showed that blood glucose and lipid parameters were significantly increased ( p < 0.01) with the exception of HDL-c, which was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01). On the other hand, a significant elevation in malonedialdehyde level and a decrease in glutathione content were observed in newly diagnosed NIDDM in comparison with controls. These findings indicate that the increase in Lipid peroxidation and decline in antioxidant defences, may appear early in newly diagnosed NIDDM, before the development of secondary complications and might play an important role in initiation and progression of diabetic complications.

AbstractThe study was conducted to show the relation and the effect of menarche on some biochemical parameters on blood serum of secondary school girls at menarche. From two different socioeconomic status (48) samples were collected from girls students [18 which live in higher socioeconomic status as (group I) and 30 in low socioeconomic status as (group II) with menstrual cycle and (20) school girls without menstrual cycle from different socioeconomic status as control 8 which live in higher socioeconomic status, 12 in low socioeconomic status to each group] with ages ranges between (12-15) year.The biochemical parameters studied were iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), unsaturation iron binding capacity (UIBC), transferrin, haemoglobin (Hb), vitamin C and E. No significant difference between biochemical parameters when measures within group I and II when compared with their controls, but there were significant decrease between group II and I when compare together in all biochemical parameters except that Hb and vitamin E.Also the results showed no correlation between measured biochemical parameters and age at menarche and nutrition.