TANMIAT AL-RAFIDAIN

The rapid changes in the external environment and the response and adaptation of
the external environment require that contemporary organizations seeking to successfully
continue the reengineering of their processes represent radical changes that will enable
them to achieve continuous improvement in their performance and outputs and better than
competitors.
At the same time, the organization's acquisition of an intellectual capital with its
essential components increases the chances of successful re-engineering through the
expertise, skills, capabilities and procedures adopted by the organizations and their
relations with their current or potential clients. This idea emphasizes the need to invest
the intangible capabilities and capabilities of the organization to make radical changes
Which gives the organization a leading role and creativity.
Therefore, the current study sought to analyze the relationship between intellectual
capital with its basic components and the stages of adopting re-engineering of processes,
thus enhancing the quality of outputs of the Nineveh Electricity Directorate.
The study concluded that the results were invested to reach a number of conclusions
which have become a tool to present a number of necessary proposals for the Directorate
of Nineveh Electricity and organizations in general, both production and service.

The current research aims to identifying impact of administrative empowrement
elements which includes:(strength,informationpossessand availability, exploitation and
having the knowledge, and the reward), on job satisfactiondimensions (salaries, wages,
promotion, work relations and working conditions). In order to achieve this, a theoretical
schema was adopted, which including the research variables as well as formulating a
number of main and subsections hypotheses. These hypotheses were tested by set of
statistical methods. The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting data and
information from the individuals who are being researched.Due to limited studies that
dealt with the relationship and influence among these variables in the Iraqi environment,
up to the researchers survey, the research has been included these variables as attempt to
study the relation and the influence between them.The research reached a number of
conclusions, the most important of these indicated that there wasa significant correlation
and regression between administrative empowrement and job satisfaction. anumber of
recommendations have been made.

This research aims to determine the effect of organizational factors on quality of
work life. To achieve this goal; the university of Dohuk was selected to test research
hypothesis to be the sample of this study, and in order to collect the data researchers
depended on a questionnaire as a main tool through distribution (50) questionnaire on
heads of department in the samples of Dohuk University colleges (41) of them were valid
for analysis which was using the (SPSS) program. Accordingly, the research has come to
the group of findings, from these findings; there is a significant correlation between
organizational factors and quality of work life, and there is a significant effect of the
organizational factors on quality of work life in the considered colleges. The research
presents a set of proposals that are most important, increase interest in investing in human
resources of the organization because it is considered one of the best investments, and to
achieve efficiency in using this resource and other organizational resources.

The paper aimed to test the asymmetric relationship using NARDL methodology for
the relationship between oil price and stock prices in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Jordan and
Kuwait. Monthly data were used from 1998 to 2017. The study found that there is an
insufficient evidence of a relationship between oil prices and stock prices. These markets,
except the Cairo Stock Exchange, show that positive changes in the price of oil lead to
positive changes in market prices and vice versa.

Infrastructures are one of the components of life of any country, and the
infrastructure in the province of Nineveh has been devastated by the events of 2014 and
the subsequent military operations to liberate the City. This massive destruction of
infrastructure requires substantial funding for reconstruction with limited government and
external funding reconstruction. This will take a long time. Therefore, this funding must
be increased and the search for additional sources of funding followed by identifying the
sectors most affected and most important for the life of the individual in order to restore
the stability to the province in all its forms

The study aims to study the developments in the government expenditure in Iraq
during the period 2003-2017, through analyzing the structure of government expenditures
according to the economic division, the changes that have occurred and trying to identify
the causes thereof, as well as determining the interaction factors among them in
determining the amount of public expenditure (The approved variable). In order to access
the research methodology, statistical programs (Minitab, E-views) were used. The
statistical results showed that the data are stable at the level as is the case with the growth
of government spending and the rate of economic growth and population growth rate,
while other variables such as inflation rate and the level of corruption and world prices of
oil has become static or stable after taking the first difference. In order to reach the goal
of the research, a standard model was estimated to include independent variables (oil
prices, GDP growth rate, population growth rate, inflation rate, corruption). The research
found a number of results, the most important of which is that the rate of economic
growth has had a significant effect on the rate of growth in public spending in Iraq and is
in direct relationship with him. The rate of inflation in the Iraqi economy was inversely
proportional to the rate of growth in the volume of public spending, and identical to
economic logic.

The study aims to study the developments in the government expenditure in Iraq
during the period 2003-2017, through analyzing the structure of government expenditures
according to the economic division, the changes that have occurred and trying to identify
the causes thereof, as well as determining the interaction factors among them in
determining the amount of public expenditure (The approved variable). In order to access
the research methodology, statistical programs (Minitab, E-views) were used. The
statistical results showed that the data are stable at the level as is the case with the growth
of government spending and the rate of economic growth and population growth rate,
while other variables such as inflation rate and the level of corruption and world prices of
oil has become static or stable after taking the first difference. In order to reach the goal
of the research, a standard model was estimated to include independent variables (oil
prices, GDP growth rate, population growth rate, inflation rate, corruption). The research
found a number of results, the most important of which is that the rate of economic
growth has had a significant effect on the rate of growth in public spending in Iraq and is
in direct relationship with him. The rate of inflation in the Iraqi economy was inversely
proportional to the rate of growth in the volume of public spending, and identical to
economic logic.

Economic growth is one of the most important indicators of the well-being and
prosperity of society. Foreign trade plays an active role in various fields and exports play
a fundamental role as an engine of economic growth. Exports are therefore important in
foreign trade because they play an important role in the competitiveness of international
markets. Asian countries began implementing a new strategy after the economic crises
(1997, 2001 and 2008), including Malaysia, which depends on reducing the role of the
public sector in the management of development processes and introducing structural
changes in accelerating economic growth and not relying on a specific type of exports
modern and sophisticated. The research aims to identify the impact of export
development on economic growth in Malaysia for the period 1990-2014. The hypothesis
of research is that the development of exports has positive effects on economic growth in
the long run based on a set of policies and mechanisms to implement them. Data from
official sources and Internet sites, as well as using the theoretical and quantitative method
of analysis to arrive at a set of results and proposals.

The research aims to know the stages of the training process and its impact on the
performance level of salesmen for a sample of sales representatives of Nineveh province
to raise their productivity and improve the means of work and methods, due to the many
problems and obstacles that lead to poor performance. We dealt with the training stages of
the definition, selling men, because this helps to improve the sales performance. The
research community consists of the sales representatives of Nineveh Governorate and a
sample of (80) individual (40) representative, (40) salesmen managers, and used a
questionnaire consisting of (30) paragraphs as a research tool, which was analyzed using
the program (SPSS), and the result was a problem A number of questions were discussed:
Is there a relationship between the training process stages and the level of performance of
sales men, and the research model was built and through which the hypotheses were
formulated and that are represented in: There is a relationship of statistical significance and
the moral effect between the training process stages and the performance level of salesmen.
The research presented a number of suggestions, including: Spreading the culture of
training through the definition of sales men in all stages, and the need to set performance
standards by a specialized and professional committee, And conducting a survey. The sales
are conducted from time to time and feed back to training process, what was implemented
and how it was implemented.

This research aims at highlighting the reality of the Algerian tourism as well as the
steps that adopted by the Algerian country in order to promote this sector, within the
framework of the guideline Plan for the Development of Algerian Tourism by 2030
"SDAT". Also, we discussed a mechanism of tourism development through the adoption
of a quality plan Tourism Algeria «PQTA» - « Plan Quality Tourism Algérie», which is a
national dynamic that works to raise the quality levels of tourism services by engaging in
this plan and obtaining the tourist quality mark. at last, a set of results were reached about
the adoption of this plan by Tourist institutions such as restaurants, hotels and travel
agencies …ext, and finally we proposed some recommendations for the advancement
and promotion of the tourism sector