TANMIAT AL-RAFIDAIN

The journal of TANMIYAT AL-RAFIDAIN (TANRA) is a quarterly academic journal published by the University of Mosul/College of Administration and Economics, Mosul, Iraq. The journal published its first issue in 1979.
TANRA publishes open-access articles, which means that all articles are available on the internet to all users immediately upon publication for reading, downloading, and sharing.
A double-blind peer-review system is employed to maintain the quality of publications.
The TANRA Journal publishes its issues under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). Each published article is assigned a unique Digital Object Identifier (DOI): [10.33899/tanra].
The journal has been publishing papers in both English and Arabic, covering research in economics, management, accounting, finance, and management information systems. TANRA publishes original articles, review papers, and case reports.
TANRA is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics, following COPE guidelines, and requires authors to avoid plagiarism and improper citations.
TANRA uses iThenticate to prevent plagiarism and ensure the originality of submitted manuscripts. All submitted manuscripts will undergo plagiarism screening using iThenticate, and similarity should not exceed 20% before being sent to reviewers.
TANRA is indexed in well-known international databases such as DOAJ, Google Scholar, and IASJ.
All manuscripts must be submitted through our online manuscript management system. Authors are required to register in the system before submitting their manuscripts.
Corresponding authors will be notified of the status of their manuscripts via the online system within 1–2 months.

TANMIYAT AL-RAFIDAIN (TANRA) Journal is a signatory to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Publishers Compact. TANRA supports the following U.N. Sustainable Development Goals (SDG):

1- Zero Hunger: End hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture.

2- Quality Education: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.

3- Gender Equality: Achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls is not just the right thing to do; it’s essential for sustainable development.

4- Economic growth: Promoting sustained economic growth, productive employment, and decent work for all is essential for a sustainable future.

5- Industry, innovation, and infrastructure: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation.

6- Sustainable cities and communities: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.

7. Partnerships for the Goals: Revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development.