University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science

Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Punica granatum L. peels were prepared and tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aerogenosa as gram negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus as gram positive bacteria. The suitability of extracts for topical pharmaceutical preparations was attempted by formulation of extracts into simple ointment and hydrogel pharmaceutical dosage forms. The antibacterial activity was assessed by agar well diffusion method using four different concentrations for both extracts include (100, 10, 1, 0.1mg/ml). Ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with lowest inhibition zone of 12mm at 0.1mg/ml. The same result was obtained for ethanolic extract against E. coli, whereas, aqueous extract showed 9mm zone of inhibition. The lowest inhibition zone against Pseudomonas aerogenosa,was 10mm at 0.1mg/ml of ethanolic extract and 1mg/ml of aqueous extract which showed resistance at 0.1mg/ml. From this it is concluded that both extracts have inhibitor effect on the growth of both gram positive and negative bacteria and ethanolic extracts exhibited higher degree of antibacterial activity as compared to aqueous extract. In present study, simple ointment containing (10%w/v) of ethanolic extract and hydrogel containing (10%w/v) of aqueous extract were prepared successfully.

Hypothyroidism may occur as a result of primary gland failure or insufficient thyroid gland stimulation by the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. It also occur when using radio-iodine. Study extended for about 2012-2013, in Thi-qar city hospital and private clinic in Republic of Iraq. 40 patients (31 women and 9 men) of suspected hypothyroidisms considered in the study. 38 patients were diagnosed as hypothyroidisms after laboratory testing of patients with thyroid function tests (TSH and T4). All of them are a positive results while the other 2 patients got negative results to TFT. According to this results we design the scoring system depending on signs and symptoms that we find in the patients. concord between above results and our system, patients get more than 12 points diagnosis as hypothyroidism, and who get less than 12 point consider non hypothyroid.

The present study was carried out from September 2012 to May 2013 to detect the epidemiology of Hepatitis B virus infections among the Thalassemia patients, represent patients referred to the center of thalassemic /AL-Haboby Hospital, central blood bank, at Thi-Qar province. The ELISA-III technique was implemented. This study was conducted on 457 individuals from thalassemic patients: 252 males and 205 females . Seropositive results of HBV by ELISA III technique was found in 5(1.09%), the infections were distributed as the following: males 4(1.58%) were higher than females 1(0.48%), with significant differences (P≤0.01). The statistical analysis showed significant differences in urban than rural parts of the province (p<0.01). The highest infection rates recorded was 2.38% ,1.11% and 1.02% at age groups 11-15 , 16-20 and > 21 years) respectively.Our results have revealed that hepatitis B vaccine is highly immunogenic for children with thalassemia and particularly well tolerated. According to our findings most thalassemic patients (98.91%) were immune to HBV and 1.09 % of them were not immune to HBV.

The study aimed to examine the effect of Nigella sativa extract on viability of eggs and adults of Fasciola gigantica In vitro. N.sativa brought from local markt of Al-Najaf city while eggs and adults worm of the parasite collected from cows and buffaloes infected and in the abattoir of Al-Najaf city.Result showed a significant effect for extract in reducing of the percentage of egg hatching and increasing of the mortality percentage of adult worms compar with control groups.

The shoots of garlic (Allium sativum L.) were initiated on MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium supplemented with Benzyl adenine (BA), 4mg/L which is significantly the best among other treatments (1,2,3,5mg/L); the shoots also initiated from shoot tip in the presence of combination (NAA, 3mg/L and kinetin, 1mg/L); callus was also initiated from basal disc and shoot tip in the presence of combination (NAA, 5mg/L and kinetin 0.5mg/L) and (2,4-D, 1.5mg/L and kinetin 0.5mg/L).Rfs values of extracted allicin from bulbs, shoots, and callus were 0.97, 0.94, 0.95 respectively and the amount percentages were 1.3%, 1.8%, 2.2% respectively; identification of allicin by IR spectrum showed the similarity between the groups of extracted allicin from shoots and those of extracted allicin from bulbs (Standard); identification of allicin by UV showed one band at wave length 338nm for extracted allicin from shoot and 296nm for extracted allicin from bulbs (Standard).The results also showed the difference in the biological activity of extracted allicin from callus, shoots and bulbs of garlic toward Staphyllococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

The present study included 100 women with recurrent miscarriage and more than once due to antiphospholipid antibodies, and who are in the age range between (20-40) years and their comparison with 100 women with normal pregnancy and negative for the disease, by using enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA), for the detection of positive cases of autoimmune disease. The results showed for antiphospholipid antibodies and antibody within the Group (IgM) to the highest rate recorded in the first group (70%) and age group (31-35) years , and for the Group (IgG), the highest rate recorded in the first group (50%) and in the age (26-30) years. As can be seen from these results that the percentage of complement in this study was low compared with control

The present work describes the application of Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) for irrigation uses for the 4 stations located along with Euphrates river in Al-Nassiryia city, Iraq. The field work was conducted during the period from summer 2012 to spring 2013.CCME WQI was applied using eleven water quality parameter (Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Electric conductivity , pHvalue, Bicarbonate, Chloride Ion, Boron Ion, Lead, Iron, Cadmium, Copper). Based on the results obtained from the index, the values of water quality index for irrigation uses of Euphrates River ranged between 63.44-43.77 which indicate that river has Moderate quality for irrigation. The highest deviation occurred in SAR,Cl-,EC,

Rarely , heart was infected with hydatid cyst of E. granulosus , where the current study were recorded only one infection of heart with hydatid cyst among 225 male of mice experimentally infected with hydatid cyst leading to produced anaemia. Histological examination of hydatid cyst components was explained presence of three layers include fibrous layer, laminated layer, and germinal layer or endocyst. So there is a granulomatous fibrous tissue in the pericardium.

Acid protease from plasmodium berghei was purified through sephadex G-200. Five fold purification of the enzyme was achieved.The purified enzyme contained mixture of proteins ranging between Molecular weights 27K to 66K .
Acid protease induced antibody response in mice and the animals were Partially protected upon challenge . Antiprotease antibodies inhibited about 50% invasion of erythrocytes by merozoites in vitro.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the important causes of dyspepsia. The incidence of H. pylori is increased in diabetes mellitus. A total of ninety two (92) blood samples which include sixty two (62) samples for diabetic patient and thirty (30) samples non-diabetic as a control from November 2012 – March 2013 in private laborotary (Ibn- Alnafes) in Basra city. All samples were subjected to assessment of fasting blood sugar (FBS) level and detection of H. pylori antibodies (H. pylori IgG)# by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELIZA). The highest frequency of H.pylori was in diabetic patients 54/62(87%), while non diabetic patients (as control), was 3/30(10). Statistically the differences were significant (P < 0.05) among diabetic and non-diabetic patients with H. pylori. For the diabetic patients, of the total 37/62(60%) males, 32/37(86%) showed positive test for H. pylori IgG, while 22/25(88%) out of 25/62( 40 %) females, showed positive test of for H. pylori IgG, but the difference was statistically non significant (P > 0.05).For non diabetic group, of the total 18/30(60 %) males, 2/18(11%) showed positive test for H. pylori, and of the total 12/30( 40%) females, 1/12(8%) showed positive test for H.pylori IgG but the differences was statistically non significant (P > 0.05) Age of patients and control range from 20-80 years, for diabetic and non-diabetic patients, the highest detection rates of H. pylori IgG was recorded in the age group (41-60) years, 33/37(89%) and 2/10(20%) respectively

This study was carried out on human hair samples that were collected from different areas of Basrah Governorate in the year 2009, (67 people of both genders). In the year 2010 (17 people of both genders. The two groups were divided into seven subgroups according to their age. Hair was analyzed for Na, K, Ca, Mg, , Hg, Pb, Cd ,U, Co Cu, As, Fe, Al and Zn; using ICP/Ms instrumentation at maxxam analytical INC , Canada. The results showed levels of most essential and heavy metals that were tested in the year 2009,and the metals tested in the year 2010 were higher than international levels. A significant difference have been observed P< 0.05 between the same group according to the age criteria. Significant differences were observed in between subgroups of the year 2009 Vs. 2010. The maximum reading of Hg, Pb, U, Cu, Ca, Mg, As and Co was found in subgroup (2), Fe and Zn in subgroups 4, 5 and 6 respectively for 2009. Samples from 2010,showed the maximum reading of Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Co found in subgroup(3), whereas Fe, Mg, Al, and As, levels were high levels in subgroups 1,2 and 4. The high level of heavy metals seen in this study, reveals that these areas where samples were collected from are highly contaminated with these toxic and polluted materials. This high level needs intensive care from the government to protect the environment from these toxic and carcinogenic substances.

The objective of the present study was to estimate selected gaseous pollutants generated from Al- Najybia power station in Basra, south of Iraq. The highest concentration was found is carbon monoxide, estimated at 18.4 ppm followed by nitrogen dioxide 7.01E-03 ppm and 8.14E-04 ppm for hydrogen sulphide gases estimated in the area of 1 kilometre away from Al- Najybia power station. The concentrations of these toxic gases were decreased as we move away from Al- Najybia station. However, the concentrations in the station 4 which is 4 kilometre away were found to be high compared to the normal concentrations of these gases in the atmospheric air.

The present study was designed to investigate some epidemiological and serological study, in a sample of Thi-Qar, Basarh, Missan provinces south of Iraq. The sample included (32) patients, who were attending the (Basrah oncology and hematology center) in Basrah province , (Clinical oncology unit) at Thi-Qar province and (AL-Shefaa oncology center) at Misan province .The diagnosis was made by the consultant medical staff, which was based on a history inspection, clinical examination and evaluations of serum PSA level. The epidemiological results revealed that there were a significant differences in the distribution of prostate cancer, where Basrah province recorded the highest percentage ( 75% ) of prostate cancer in comparison with Thi- Qar in percent ( 15.6% ) , and ( 9.3%) in Missan. Our results revealed the highest number of patients filled in age (60-69) years and age (≥ 70) years, and low numbers in age group(50-59) years represented by (43.75, 40.62, and 15.62%, respectively). The serological study revealed that PSA level was increased with age, where the PSA level (>20 ng/ml) recorded the highest percentage (25%) by agegroup (≥ 70) years and followed by age group (60-69) years which recorded (18.7%), while the age group (50-59) years not recorded any percentage in PSA level (>20 ng/ml).

House dust mites (HDM) are small creatures that live indoor in warm, moist places. Several studies found that HDM are important sources of airborne allergens that cause different allergic symptoms all over the world. With this mind, 200 persons suffering from different allergic symptoms were randomly selected in the current study aged between 7-60 years old from both gender. They all subjected to skin prick test by using standard allergen solution for HDM allergens Dermatophagoides farinae (D.F) and Dermatophagoides pteronussinus (D.P). The results showed that most frequent allergic disease related to exposure to HDM was asthma and allergic bronchitis(33 % and 28% respectively). Female sex have the higher percentage of response(61%) than males(39%). Also, the urban society were more sensitive than rural. Furthermore, workers were more allergic than employees. In conclusion: we observed that sensitization to HDM allergens is associated with airways allergy such as asthma and allergic bronchitis especially in females and workers. In addition the allergic symptoms increase with urbanization.

This study involves the preparation of three azodyes 2-( sulfapyridineazo)- 4,5-diphenyl imidazole (M1) , 2-( 2-arsonophenylazo)-4,5-diphenyl imidazole (M2) and 2-( sulfapyridineazo)- imidazole (M3) , they have been described by C.H.N. , I.R. and Visible spectroscopic techniques. The acid-base properties were studied at different pH values (0.65-12) , then the ionization and protonation constants were determined. The solvents effect were studied at different solvents polarities

corrosion inhibition of carbon low steel using methanol extract of the fruits of Citrullus collocynthis was studied using weight loss measurement at 303,323 and 333ºK. The inhibition efficiency increased with the increase in inhibitor concentration but decreased with temperature. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was tested for their fit to the experimental data . The apparent activation energies ,entropies of the dissolution process and the free energies for the adsorption process were determined an discussed .All computed quantum chemical parameters are found to correlate well with experimental inhibition efficiency of inhibitor

The research work involves preparation and study of the adsorption characteristics of activated carbon to remove dyes from aqueous solutions . Z. Spina-Christi fruits nuclei were processed chemically using Phosphoric acid as chemical activator. The parameters (such as initial pH , contact time,..etc) affecting the adsorption capacity of activated carbon toward dyes removal from aqueous solutions were investigated

A simple, sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method of determination of Ranitidine-HCl (RNH) in pure
form and its pharmaceutical formulation. Was used in this studyThe method is based on the formation of (RNH)
complex. The reaction between the Ranitidine-HCl with the mixture of metol and potassium hexacyanoferrate (ΙΙΙ) was evaluate metol ( Nmethyl – p - aminophenosulphate ) for the spectrophotometric determination of the Ranitidine - HCl . The maximum absorbance of the colored complex occurred at λ = 540nm. Reaction conditions have been optimized to obtain (RNH) complex of high sensitivity and longer stability. Under optimum conditions the absorbance of the (RNH) complex where found to increase linearly with the increase in concentration of the Ranitidine-HCl which corroborated with correlation coefficient value. Of 0.09995with concetration ranges of(2-90) μg /ml relative standard deviation and relative error of prediction for drug were lower . The proposed method was successfully applied to determine of the selected Ranitidine-HCl in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations with good precision and accuracy compared to standard method as revealed by t- and F- values , the results obtained agree well with the labeled contents.

Shatt Al-Arab river is considered as one of the most important industrial, irrigation and drinking water resources. the river at its end discharges to Arabian Gulf. Water samples were collected from seven sites along the Shatt Al-Arab river and North West Arabian Gulf during summer, winter and spring 2010 and were determined some physico-chemical properties and heavy metals contaminations. The physical and chemical parameters of water were included the Temperature (T), Hydrogen activity (pH), Electric Conductivity (EC),Total Hardiness(TH),Calcium (Ca) , Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na) , Potassium (K), Chloride (Cl), Sulfate (SO4), Nitrate (NO3), Phosphate (PO4), Silicate (SiO4), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), Cobalt (Co) and Lead (Pb). The results of the study showed a differences between the studied properties and a clear significant differences were noticed during the seasons of the year and sites. The pH of the studied area varies from neutral to weak basic, and showed high conductivity (Total salinity) in addition to increase the concentration of TH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO4, and NO3 in the water river according to the drinking water criteria of (WHO), and Iraqi Standard limits (SI). Of the within . The mean of TH was above the international limits therefore it’s classified as hard water. To decrease the high level of the chemical parameters :the water Shatt Al-Arab ,four different filtration systems were used . present study it was compared between activated carbon, activated carbon-sand filters.

The study include preparation two Schiff base compounds , 4-acetoamidobenzylidine-glycine SB-A and 4-acetoamidobenzylidine –nitrourea SB-B . Schiff bases were prepared by condensation of 4-acetanilbenzaldehyde with nitrourea and other with glycin. The products were characterized by both FT- IR and UV-Vis. Spectroscopyphotometry. The biological activities against selected types of bacteria which included gram positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus), and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, proteus sp., pseudomonas aeruginosa) was studied. Later, theoretical studies by using the optimized geometry molecular structures of both compounds, indicates SB-B is more stable than SB-A.

This study is concerned with the synthesis and characterization of the 3-(4-chlorophenyl) bicyclic azetidin -2-one 3a. This compound 3a was prepared by reacting 3-(4-chlorophenyl) acetic acid with the appropriate Schiff’s base 2a in the presence of triethylamine with phosphorusoxychloride in dry dichloromethane under nitrogen atmosphere at -10˚C. The active acid chloride reacts with triethylamine to generate corresponding ketene in situ which further reacts with Schiff’s base to furnish corresponding 3-(4-chloroPhenyl)bicyclic azetidin 2–ones 3a.And it was a study of the activity biological to compound 3a to inhibition of cholesterol in the blood of some laboratory animals.

A-new series of transition metal (Cr(III),Fe(III), Co(II) , Ni(II)and Cu(II) ) complexes of ligand [N-(5-sulfonyl-1,3,4,thiadiazol-2-yl)acetamide were synthesized. All the synthesized complexes were characterized by analytical techniques, magnetic susceptibility measurements, elemental analyses, conductance, IR , 1HNMR and mass spectra. The electrolytic behavior were confirmed from their conductance data . It may be concluded that the ligand coordinate through Nitrogen and sulfur atoms as shown in figure (6). for all complexes. The ligand acts as a didentate ligand coordinating through the sulfur[S6] and the nitrogen atom of shiff base [N5]. This view is further supported by the appearance of a band corresponding to the metal–nitrogen stretching vibration at( 547–563) cm–1 in the complexes. From results it was suggested tetrahedral geometry for Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes, while Cr(III),Fe(III) and Co (III)complexes were assigned octahedral geometrics. All complexes and their parent organic moiety have been screened for antibacterial by using spread method and measurement inhibition zone by using (DMSO). this study showed positivity results, by comparison of inhibition zone with E-coli and staph aurens.

The area of west Qurna oil fields is a low topography and represent a part of the marshes dried. The top layer of soil is composed of cohesive fragile with compression is very low. The thickness of its is about 1m, rich in organic matter. This soil is not suitable to establishing pads for oil wells, up appropriately and establish a road network connecting these wells with each other and with the main roads in the region.The soil sections were tested visually. The coordinates and photographs of mentioned sections were took using GPS and digital camera respectively. Improved raw satellite image were used which captured by Landsat in April 5th , 2003 covering "path 166 raw 39" . ERDAS and ARC GIS, software version ninth were used to preparation the satellite image for serves the purpose of the study, produced the land cover land use digital map, and to locate the visited sites on this map.It has been confirmed that the Onsite of west Qurna area is empty from any source of aggregate, because the sections of the soil is:- From top to 12m deep is silt clay, marely clay and organic clay. From 12m to 17m is silt sand. From 17m to 20m is sand. Deeper than 20m is sand stone. The water table is about 6m.In the other hand the granular sand cover a very wide area of the southern part of study area (Offsite) which adjacent to west Qurna area.

In this paper, a fast video compression method has been proposed. In proposed method, Firstly, frames were transformed using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) in order to reduce computation time. The disparity between each two adjacent frames was estimated by Simple and Efficient Search (SES) algorithm. The result of the Motion Vector (MV) was encoded into a bit stream by Huffman encoding while the remaining part is compressed like the compression that is used in still image. The proposed method produced good results in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), CR, and computation time.

Signature is widely used and developed area of research for personal verification and authentication. In this paper, we present a new offline handwritten signature recognition system based on fusion of global and GLCM (Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix) features using fuzzy logic system as classifier tool. The global and GLCM features are fused to generate vector of 15 features for the verification of the signature. The test signature is compared with the database signatures based on features, whilst match/non match of signatures is decided with fuzzy logic. The experimental results obtained by using a database of 7 individuals’ signatures. A total number of 70 images are collected for our study and with average 10 signatures for each person, 5 of the signatures are used as training, the remaining 5signatures are used as testing group. The results show that the proposed modular architecture can achieve 100% recognition accuracy for training group and 90.5% recognition accuracy for the testing group with running time is 1.17 second.

In this investigation, the mechanical properties such as : elongation, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact properties were studied for epoxy composites reinforced with reed in weight percentages of (0,15,25 and 35)% and epoxy composites reinforced with reed-sisal in weight percentages (5,10 and 15)%.Hand-lay up was used to prepare the composites ,sisal fibers and reed fibers were treated with NaOH .The results showed that the tensile strength , flexural strength and impact increase with the increase in weight percentages of reed and decrease in elongation with increase of the loading, the hybrid composites showed an increase in tensile and impact properties with increase in weight percentages of fibers and decrease in elongation with increase in the reed loading and increase in flexural strength with increase in sisal fibers loading.

In this paper, numerical solution of Klein –Gordon equation is obtained by using differential quadrature method (DQM).This method is demonstrated by several examples. we compare the results with exact solution our results show this method is powerful and efficient for solve Klein –Gordon equation

In the current research we studied solar flares and their associated interactions of solar energetic particles (SEPs) and productive relationship with X-rays generated in these blasts. Goal of this study is to detect the correlation between soft X-rays associated with SEPs. We take into consideration rely on soft X-ray emission associated with these particles as a reference guide to keep track of these particles. In this study we used three satellites research, a satellite (ERNE) which used to detect the intensity of solar energetic particles, and this satellite belonging to the U.S. space agency (NASA) in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA). The satellite research (GOES) to observe the solar X-rays flare, as well as satellite research (WIND WAVE) which has been used to detect solar radiation emissions, in addition to the data we have obtained from the International Space Station (SOHO) . The study was conducted for a full year (2012) at the maximum active of the solar cycle (24), where the analysis of all the data that have been obtained. The main objective of the research is to investigate the direct link between the solar soft X-ray and non- thermal solar particles reaching the ground. The study found that the soft X-rays class X resulting from solar flare be associated with solar particle stimulant SEPs generated and to the fact that radiation generated by a class X is composed at the same time in which it occurs explosions of coronal mass ejections CMEs.