JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

The aim of this work is concerned with the determination of pka for some Schiff bases by conductivity method.These imines are prepared by reactions of benzaldehyde with o,m,p-amino phenols by standard method.
The structures of these imines are confirmed by using some physical methods, namely, U.V,I.R and melting points.
Experimentally it is observed,that intramolecular hydrogen bonding may contribute in decreasing pka value of benzylidene-o-hydroxyaniline. The presence of phenolic groups at m and p-positions ofprimary amine side of the Schiff bases, have a noticeable influence on the collected pka values.
The thermodynamic of ionization reactions of these Schiff bases are determined. These showed a positive sign values of ΔG˚ and ΔH˚ thermodynamic parameters. Also ΔS˚ value has a negative sign. These positive and negative signs values are discussed in detail.

The ethanol extracts of leaves Alianthus altissima, Carrisa grandiflora, fruits of Citrullus colocynthis and aerial parts of Ruta graveolens was tested against fourth instar larvae of the mosquito, Culex pipines molestua Forskal through sublethal doses at the concentrations 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm. The extracts of C. grandiflora, A. altissima and R. graveolens were prolonged IV-P time with 9.7, 10.3 and 12.8 days at 20 ppm. Whereas, the period shorted to 4.3 days for C. colocynthis in comparison with control 7.3 days. All the plant extracts extended pupal period with significant time, but not more 3.1 days, and 2.1 days for untreated pupae. The reproductive parameters as egg laying hatchability, fecunidity, fertility and sterility percent were showed significant values of emerged adults treated with the plant extracts at IV larval instar.

Two types of the fungus Trichoderma were chosen, these are T.viride and T.harzianum. The activity of these fungi were tested against different kinds of plant and human pathogenic fungi. After screening , the fungus T.harzianum was selected because it showed highest efficiency in its antagonistic activity than T.viride. It was also tested against other kinds of the plant and human pathogenic fungi and the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina was the most sensitive toward T.harzianum. In addition, the active compound from the fungus T.harzianum was extracted then tested against different types of pathogenic fungi and different types of pathogenic Gram positive and negative bacteria which showed different values of antagonistic activity. Bacillus subtilis was the most sensitive to the extract. Thus, many tests could be done to ensure the safety of this fungus (and its extract) and that is not toxic and to ensure its antagonistic activity toward the studied microbes inside the living body (In-Vivo), and then it could be used as good alternative to the chemicals that have side effects.

FtsZ is a tubulin homolog in bacteria. It forms a Z-ring to recruit other proteins in the process of cell division through its GTPase activity. Amino acid sequence of FtsZ was obtained from uniprot database and used for the determination of primary and secondary structures by several online tools. Homology modeling was carried out by SWISS-MODEL and PHYRE2. The models were evaluated and quality assessment indicated that the model produced by SWISS-MODEL had better quality than PHYRE2. Therefore, SWISS-MODEL was used in docking twenty five natural products by AutoDock 4.2.6. Dunnianol, pebrellin, dalbinol and hederagenin had docking energy higher than the previously used berberine and sanguinarine. Analogs of Dunnianol were sketched by ChemBioOffice Ultra 11.0 and docked. The analogs 2,4 and 7 had higher docking energy than the original compound. These natural products and the analogs obtained in this study could serve as possible inhibitors of this cell division protein, a new target in the development of new antimicrobials.

In this paper, we introduce iD-sets which are depends on i-open sets [12]. Where we discussed the relationship between this sets and other types of sets, In addition, we discussed the relationship between the separation axioms for this type of sets with one hand and their relationship with i-separation axioms [1] on the other hand. Also we introduce i-symmetric typological space and the weakly
-
space. The most important results that we have obtained i-symmetric topological space which topologically extended for i-open sets will be
-
space if and only if it is
-
Space.

In this study we investigate the approximation of the solution for
nonlinear system of integro-differential equations of Volterra type with
boundary conditions.
The numerical-analytic method of periodic solutions for ordinary
differential equations of Samoilenko has been used of this work.

Following Villena in [9] and Mohammed and Ali in [4], we introduce
partially defined ( ) - c - double derivation and generalized ( ) - c -
double derivation on a semisimple complex Banach algebra whose domain
is not necessarily closed, essential ideal and we prove that they are closable.
In particular, we show that every ( )- c -double derivation and generalized
( ) - c - double derivation defined on any nonzero ideal of a prime
C * - algebra are continuous.

In this work, we study the stagnation point flow of Casson fluid and
heat transfer phenomena in presence of thermal radiation and magnetic
field. We used the suitable similarity transformation to reduce governing
partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations, these
equations are solved numerically using Rang-Kutta method. Effects of non-dimensional parameters on velocity, temperature are discussed and presented through graphs as well as coefficient of skin friction and local Nusselt numbers is investigated stretching/shrinking cases.

This study tackles the relationship between the alternating group
and young’s diagrams concerning standard rows. The study has been divided into two stages… First, even permutations have been found depending on the conception of partition
through formulating an algorithm for this purpose. Secondly, the relationship between the cycle length and partition
has been found.

We study a new definition of a non-linear model of time series with hyperbolic secant function in a discrete time. The suggested model consist of two parts the first part is (linear) and the second part is (non-linear) which contains the hyperbolic secant function. We approximate this model to be linear by using the local linearization technique. We find the non-zero unique singular point that satisfies the non-linear variation equation, also stability of the non-zero unique singular point and the limit cycle if it exists of the suggested model.

In this study (10) different samples of tea which are available in local market, have been used to determine Potassium (K40) concentration by using UCS-20 with scintillation detector NaI(Tl) and connected to a computer instrument, and the detector efficiency is estimated taking into account the geometric arrangement of a value of 0.39%, found that the maximum value of the activity of radioactive potassium in the sample A are 408.3 Bq and the minume value in the sample J equal 184.0 Bq. The radioactive potassium mass were ranged between 0.712 mg and 1.55 mg. Were as the specific activity value for the samples where between 4023 Bq/Kg as maximum value for sample A and 1840 Bq/Kg as minimum value for sample J, and a balancing factor between the activity and potassium content in all samples is 0.0302 Bq / mg.

The present study includes identification the effect of green laser (Nd-YAG) of wavelength 532nm, power 87mw and red laser (He-Ne) of 650nm wavelength,power5mw.at exposing period 10,15,20,25,30 minutes on callus initiation , protein content and regeneration of Silybum marianum L.plants the effect of laser was clear by decreasing the time needed for callus induction, and to increasing the fresh weights of callus. The results showed that there are an increase in the protein contents reached to 0.570,0.707 μg/gm of leave's and cotyledonary leave's callus respectively at 25 min. exposing time to Nd-YAG laser.The results proved the suitability of 30 min. exposing period for hypocotyls and roots since the protein content was 0.750 and 0.410 μg/gm. Moreover, red laser (He-Ne) has possessed a positive effect since the highest protein content of leave's, hypocotyls and root callus was 0.481 ,0.548 and 0.484 μg/gm. respectively at 30min. exposing time.while that of cotyledonary leaves was 0.537 μg/ gm at 25min. exposing period.

This study was conducted to explore the effect of cisplatin on the kidney of Swiss BALB/c mice through treatement with cisplatin at the concentrations (2mg/kg, 3mg/kg,4mg/kg) along30 days.
Histopathological changes of the kidney at the concentration 2mg/kg elucidated swelling of renal tubules, vacuolation of interstitial tissue, collapse of some glomeruli, Degeneration and Haemorrhage of interstitial tissue.
At the concentration 3mg/kg, thickinning of blood vessels, Hypertrophy of nuclus of endothelial cells, degeneration, vacuolation and Deterioration of renal tubules and Haemorrhage of interstitial tissue.
At the concentration 4mg/kg huge collapse in some glomeruli, swelling of some epithelial cell and Deterioration of renal tubules, appearance of some phagocytic cells and pyknosis of the cytoplasm of most renal tubules, were observed.

The present study revealed significant effect of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Ricinus communis at the concentrations 10,20,30, 40mg/ml of Datura innoxia, and Solanum melongena at the concentrations 50,100,150 and 200 mg/ml,respectvely on the viability of protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus of sheep origin. The concentration 40 mg/ml of R.communis leaves caused the death of all protoscoleces within 30 minutes ,while the concentrations 100 and 200 mg/ml of D. innoxia and S.melongena caused the death of all protoscoleces within 60 minutes. The inhibitory effects of these extracts were proportional with their concentrations and the time of exposure.

This study showed isolation and diagnosis of 70 isolates of intestinal flora that isolated from feces of healthy people in Mosul city / Iraq, distributed to 40 isolates from beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus spp. and 30 isolates from harmful bacteria Clostridium spp., this include species of beneficial bacteria : L. acidophilus, L. casei subsp. casei, L. pentosus, L. reuteri, L. ruminis, L. fermentum, L. gasseri, L. helveticus, L. plantarum, L. paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. salivarius, L. casei subsp. rhamnosus and L. johnsonii, as well as the species of harmful bacteria included into C. butyricum, C. difficile, C. cadaveris, C. septicum, C. ramosum, C. histolyticum, C. tertium, C. perfringes and C. clostridiiforme, adopted cultural qualities, microscopic and biochemical tests to get the results.
Inhibitory effectiveness of the variable constrations 4, 8 and 12 mg. from alcoholic (methanol) extract of peeled fruits of pomegranate (Punica granatum) against the isolated bacteria was studied. The method of disks in the measurement of the effectiveness was adopted. Results showed that the plant extract has a powerful effect against pathogenic bacteria represented by Clostridium spp. while lower activity against bacteria Lactobacillus spp.

The study was conducted in order to create the best conditions (physical and chemical factors) that necessary for the growth of the Bacillus subtilis and its production of the Xylanase enzyme.
The results include isolation and diagnosis of (40) isolates of bacteria: Bacillus subtilis obtained from (30) soil samples and study the effect of some physical factors (period and temperature of incubation, pH of the medium, ventilation) on bacterial growth and its production of an Xylanase enzyme. The results showed that best growth and its production of the enzyme was obtained when the incubation is (48) hours and the temperature (30) Co , pH of the medium (7) and incubation with shaking at (200) rpm where the optical density value of bacterial growth was reached (0.25) and activity of the enzyme product was (3.41) unit / ml. The effect of some chemical agents (carbon and nitrogen source for medium) on bacterial growth and its production of an Xylanase enzyme and the results revealed that the carbon source (Xylan) gave the best growth and production of the enzyme compared with other of carbon sources (Starch, Cellulose, Xylose, Glucose, Sucrose, Maltose, Lactose), where the optical density value of growth was (0.25) and the enzyme activity (3.41) unit / ml. Regarding the effect of the nitrogen source (organic and inorganic) in medium on growth and production of the enzyme, the results showed that the best bacterial growth and the production of an Xylanase enzyme occur when organic nitrogen sources (Peptone, Beef extract, Yeast extract, Casien) were supplemented in the medium compared with inorganic nitrogen sources (KNO3, (NH4) 2SO4, NH4NO3, NaNO3). Peptone and Yeast extract were the best nitrogen sources for stimulation of bacterial growth and the production ofthe enzyme with optical density value of growth reached (0.29 , 0.286) and the enzyme activity was (3.92 , 3.9) unit / ml.

This study was conducted to study the pattern of antibiotic resistance of beneficial and harmful intestinal bacterial flora Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. as beneficial bacteria and Escherichia coli and Clostridium spp. as harmful bacteria, as well as the study of the effect of three risk factors (age, sex, feeding on milk and dairy products constantly) to resist these bacterial isolates.
Results showed that the percentage of isolating Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in young ages (15-30 years old) was (67)% (40)%, respectively, which was more than harmful bacteria and the ratios of beneficial bacteria were greater in young ages compared with ages (50-65 years old) and the resistant of beneficial bacteria to were more than the harmful bacteria in younger ages compared to older subjects, well as that rates of isolation of bacteria reached (54.2, 80)% in females than in males, while ratios of isolation of harmful bacteria reached (70, 62.5)% in males than in females, and that resistance of harmful and beneficial bacteria was the highest in females compared to males, with respect to feeding as a risk factor the ratios isolating bacteria from people who consumes milk and dairy products consistently reached (29, 80)% as in people who didn't (71, 20)%, while the ratios of isolating harmful bacteria was (58, 53)% in people who not feed on milk and derivatives consistently than in people who eat constantly and resist harmful bacteria and decreased in people who consume milk and dairy products constantly compared with persons who not feeding constantly

Grains of F2 generation from half diallel crosses between five varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Intesar, Rabbea'a, Bbu-Greeb-3- A dnanyi and Al-Eaz) were used to estimate general combining ability for parental varieties, specific combining ability for their crosses. Inbreeding depression in F2 generation and Broad sense heritability for the following traits : total flour content, bran content, extracted flour, wet and dry gluten content, Fermentation time. The results indicated that there were additive and non-additive gene effects for all he studied traits. The non-additive gene effects were more important than the additive for determining these characters.
Some of hybrids showed significant positive values and others showed significant negative values inbreeding depression in F2 for the studied traits. Broad sense heritability values were high for the all characters.

Glycine Betain (GB) solution at concentration of (0.08 M) was used for soaking grains of bread wheat variety (Sham-6-) for (0 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours) before sowing to evaluate the effect of (GB) on phenotypic variances and heritability of the characters ; plant height, number of leaves after one month of germination, flag leaf length and flag leaf area at 120 days of cultivation, total content of chlorophyll (a & b), total number of leaves and resistance to lodging. The results indicated that there were significant differences between treatments, desirable and significant increase was observed for the (6 hours) treatment. High significant differences were detected for genetic, environmental and phenotypic variances for all characters. The environmental variance was higher than genetic values. The broad sense heritability was low for plant high and number of leaves after one month of germination, flag leaf length and flag leaf area at 120 days of cultivation, total content of chlorophyll (a , b) and resistance to lodging at maturity but medium for total number of leaves.

This study is including application of the kinetic model of Elovich equation to calculate the initial rate of adsorption (α) and desorption constant (β), Tempkin constant (BT) which refer to the relation with surface capacity of adsorped solid, the potential sticking probability (S*) and apparent activation energy was determined which indicate that of lower temperature of solution favorite the removal by adsorption. The values of (S*) less than one this indicates that the sticking is favorite and physical mechanism predominate. The initial rate constant of intraparticles diffusion was calculated. these studies applied on some amino acids, aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids as well as α- hydroxyl acids, and aromatic acids.

Hybrid composites were prepared by two step. First step, different ratios of the base material represented by the blend of Epoxy and unsaturated Poly Ester (Ep/UPE) to determine the best blending ratio by means of studying the tensile strength and homogeneity of the samples. second step: preparing hybrid composites (B1, B2 and B3)after specifying the blend ratio of the basic material(B) and then mix it with various reinforcing materials, as E-glass fibers woven roven mat and Nano alumina particles with a grain size of (30 nm), with volume fraction 30%.
Studying involved tensile strength and homogeneity tests and some mechanical tests (bending, impact, compression and hardness) also, some physical tests such as (absorption and thermal conductivity) in natural conditions, as well as studying the hot environment effect on the behavior of the prepared composites.
The best (optimum) mixing ratios of these blend have been.selected is (Epoxy95%, UPE5%), And Reinforcing this blend with E-glass fiber and Nano Alumina leads to improves mechanical properties at room temperature ,when the composites exist in hot environmental conditions ranged from (25-55)°C, which lead to decease Young's modulus, but increase the impact strength as the temperature increase with different percentage depending on the ratio of the reinforcement material add to the blend.
About the physical properties, it was noticed that the type of the solution and its concentration effect the absorption of the composites, that was identified by the calculating diffusion coefficient values (D) for all the samples. The lowest value of the diffusion coefficient was for submersed samples in HCl solution, while the highest value was for the samples submersed in NaOH solution. It was also found that the reinforcing with glass fibers and Alumina powder leads to an increase in the thermal conductivity with varying values depending on the type and ratios of the reinforcements added to the polymer blend. The effect of the reinforcing on thermal conductivity of the samples in hot environment ranged from (30-70)°C, Found that the thermal conductivity increases largely for both samples B3, B2 with increasing temperature.

In this paper we applied new geometric methods for prove existence three dimensional linear [97,3 ,87]11 and [143,3,131]13 codes theorems [(1.4.4), (1.5.5)].

The search has been relied on hybridization wavelet transformation and Embedded Zero-Tree Wavelet (EZW) for compression of digital video files , and through the introduction of digital video file to be compressed and then cut up into a series of frames and then analyzing each frame to slide three colorimetric (red, green, and blue ), and then apply the Haar_Wavelet because of its advantage in the multivariate analysis of the image into a number of packets sub that facilitates the process of compression for the purpose of access to the best results in the recovery and that by keeping monuments basic image, interference with Embedded Zero-Tree Wavelet in compression technology on each of the three color slides and through the application of coding and quantization processes and Dominant Pass Function and Subordinate PASS Function.
After that process is decompression, and by using a set of tools and comparative examination shows that the results were compatible with the requirements of the research.