Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research

This study includes three parts: isolation of Enterotoxigenic Bacteroid fragilis from 94 stool samples collected from different hospitals in Baghdad city from the beginning of March/2020 to the end of April/2021. Stool samples were streaked on BBE media in an anaerobic condition for 24-48h. Identification of Fragilis was done based on morphological characteristics on BBE media: gray convex small rounded colonies surround black zone colonies and molecular method using specific genes 16S rRNA and bft gene. Results showed 34 Fragilis isolates were positive for the 16S rRNA gene and 5 Fragilis positive for the bft gene were classified as Enterotoxigenic Fragilis (ETBF). ETBF isolate which was positive for the bft gene and 16S rRNA was purified by using the Van Tassel method. 30 male mice were divided into three groups with 10 mice for each group the first group as control, the second group is positive control mice administered daily2% dextran sulfate sodium for 30 days, the third group mice administered by stomach tube 2%DSS for 10 days after 10 days mice administered with 20 µg of bft toxin by stomach tube for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, all groups of mice were killed by euthanized ethics. Tissue samples (liver, intestine, and spleen) from mice were removed. The organs were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histological techniques. Histopathological changes in the third group, in the liver section of a mouse inoculated with DSS+bft toxin, showed: necrotic hepatocytes and dilated sinusoids with hemorrhage. Histopathological changes in the intestine section of a mouse inoculated with DSS+bft toxin showed: sloughing and degenerated villi and shorten villi. Histopathological changes in the spleen section of a mouse inoculated with DSS+bft toxin showed: amyloid infiltration and all lymphoid follicles depleted with necrotic lymphocytes.

Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic protozoan that caused amoebiasis or amoebic dysentery, it is an intestinal disease which infects colon and liver Amoebic dysentery is spread all over the world. E. histolytica is causing the death of human cells and leading to develop invasion, and ulceration of the intestine. However, amebic liver abscess (ALA) considers as major common extraintestinal disease caused by E. histolytica. The current study was designed to estimate the effect of E. histolytica trophozoite on liver functions through the evaluation of some bio-chemical parameters for patients with amebiasis. Blood sample were collected from patients with amoebic dysentery after diagnosed about 100 from stool sample from them microscopically and detected by PCR technique to confirm the infection with am-amebiasis, all sample with amoebiasis were subjected to biochemical study after the separation of serum. Biochemical parameters that included during this study were AST, ALT and ALP. Lipid profile included Triglyceride and Cholesterol as well as some minerals like Iron, Zinc, and Potassium. The results for the level of AST and ALT were showed a high significant difference (P<0.01) where AST was (22.84+/-7.83) in patients’ compared with (55.36+/-16.8) in control groups and ALT level Was (20.4+/- 9.37) in patients compared with (47+/-20.1) in control groups. Additionally, there is no significant difference (p>0.05) in ALP level where it was (351.7+/-235.2) in patients with amoebic dysentery compared with (336. 13+/-204.08) in controls group. Triglyceride were also checked in patients with amoebic dysentery and the results showed that a significant difference (p<0.05) between (166.72+/-62.4) in patients and (135. 43+/-45.2) in control groups. Cholesterol level was also checked in patients and the results showed there is no significant difference (P>0.05) between (185.8+/-77.2) in patients and (160.19+/-51.3) in controls groups. In addition, some minerals were studied during the following study like Iron, Zinc, and Potassium for patients with and the results were not showed a significant difference (P>0.05) in zinc, potassium and iron where the level of iron were ( 85.24+/-16.58) in patients compared with ( 81.22+/-15.5) in control groups, while the level of zinc were (108.09+/-24.4) in patients and ( 101.76+/-24.4) in control groups , the level of potassium were (3.73+/-1.89) in patients and compared with ( 3.84+/-1.14) in control groups.

External egg traits like egg length, breadth, shape index, volume and surface area play important roles for egg hatching, embryo growth, and chick survival. 313 fertilized eggs were collected from three genetic lines of Japanese quail named (white, brown, and gray) in four collected ages (57, 64, 71, and 78) days. After collecting the traits were measured by using electronic balance (0.001gm.) sensitivity, and caliper vernier (0.01 mm.). The data show significant differences between some traits and some of them differ with the age of birds and the interaction between the genetic lines and age of collecting eggs. Our results conclude there were significant differences between the three genetic lines on egg external traits and between the collecting age and their infarctions. May its helpful for future studies to establish lines special for egg production, or to make studies on molecular levels.

The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral administration of spirulina (as a food supplement) on the reproductive performance of adult female rabbits. Female rabbits (16 to 18 weeks old) were divided into three groups (10 rabbits/ group). These groups are: (Gr.I) as a control group and (Gr. II) spirulina was given at a dose (0.5 g / kg of body weight) and (Gr. III) was given a complex of folic acid, B6 and B12 (2.5 + 50 +1 mg / kg body weight) all groups were treated for four weeks. At the end of the treatment period, 2 untreated males (two males/ group) were naturally mated with treated females. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the estrogen concentrations among all groups, while the progesterone concentration showed a significant decrease in the third compound group compared to the control group and DXN-spr. Also, the testosterone hormones did not show significant differences in all groups. FSH and LH concentrations appeared to be significantly decreased in the third group than in the other two groups. The fertility rate and the number of female fertilities increased in the second group (DXN-Spr.) compared to the other groups. There was also a significant increase in birth weight and fertility rate in this group compared to the control and group No. 3 groups. We conclude that oral dosed spirulina (0.5 g/kg body weight) acts as a natural antioxidant that improves reproductive efficiency and reproductive hormones.

The present study aimed to detection and identified the infection 0f Mycoplasma haemocanis in dogs through clinical manifestation, blood film, conventional PCR technique and sequences analysis. The total number of dogs examined clinically were one hundred, and 25 clinically healthy control in southern Iraq provinces. Examined dogs showed various clinical signs. Blood samples were taking for hematological and biochemical analysis. 72 (72%) of blood smear were positive for Mycoplasma haemocanis, whereas 33(45.8%) positive based on conventional PCR technique. hematological examination in infected animals showed a significant decrease in mean of TRBC, Hb and PCV and significant increase (p>0.05) in the TLC. biochemical examination indicates a significant increase in AST, ALP and ALT in infected animals. The local Mycoplasma haemocanis were showed genetic variant related to NCBI-BLAST Mycoplasma haemocanis Turkey, Thailand, Brazil, and India isolates. In conclusion Mycoplasma haemocanis have been diagnosed in dogs in Basrah city with various clinical manifestation from in apparent to sever anemia, emphasized the infection using conventional PCR technique, and Phylogenetic analysis confirm the identification of Mycoplasma haemocanis as a new submission of local Iraq, with 99% identical to India, Brazil, Thailand and Turkey DNA sequence.