University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science

This paper presents studying the pollution of water in Al-Sunaf marsh (Alkhawisa village)
by evaluating its water quality which has physical and chemical properties and comparing them
with the world health organization standards (WHO1993). Results show that the pollutants
(TSS, Salinity, Cl- , K+ , Na+ , Co, Cu, Zn, PO4 -2 ) are not exceeding its guide levels. Also results
show chronic effects of some chemical and physical properties, These Chronic effects result
from the increasing of monthly concentrations for (Turbidity, Calcium, Chromium, Lead,
Magnesium, Cadmium, Barium, Iron, Sulfate, chloride, Nickel and TDS) from its guide level
which produce health and hazard effects on peoples who live in the boundaries of Sunaf marsh
(Alkhawisa village), Results prevent the ability to use this water for different purposes.

Helicobacter pylori gastritis is characterized by colonize the stomach and induce strong,
specific local and systemic humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The aim of this study was to
evaluate the level of several cytokines and their role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori gastritis
and whether H. pylori stimulate the release of these cytokines. The levels of TH1 (IFN-γ and
TNF-α) and TH2 (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) cytokines, as well as, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α
and IL-8) were determined. Most of the investigated cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFNγ,
TNF-α

and GM-CSF) showed a significantly increased level in the sera of H. pylori gastric
patients as compared to subjects (control) with no infection which showed normal serum
interleukin levels. While IL-10 showed significant decrease when compared to subjects.
These results conclude the pro-inflammatory cytokines ave a central role in the
pathogenesis of H. pylori-induced mucosal inflammation.

Crude extracts of marine Mollusca Sepia sp. ,Tibia insulaechorab-curta and Thais sp.
marked as A, B and C respectively, using 50 % acetic acid were studied for their antifungal
activity using agar well diffusion technique against seven fungi (Aspergillus niger, A. flavus,
Candida albicans , C. krusei, C. tropicalis , C. famata & C. guilliermondii ). No antifungal
activity was recorded against A. niger &A. flavus in all concentrations of Thais sp. extract.
Sepia sp. & Tibia insulaechorab-curta extracts exhibited significant differences (P≥0.05) to
good antifungal activity more than Thais sp. extract. An extract has been showed high activity
against C. albicans (inhibition zone=27.6 mm) diameter, and minimum zone of inhibition
(16mm) was recorded against growth A. niger of same extract. In B extract, maximum
inhibition zone (26.6mm ) in growth A. flavus & C. albicans and minimum inhibition zone
diameter (15mm) in growth A. niger .Also the minimal inhibitory concentration of all extracts
were detected .The results showed the inhibition zones diameter of Fluconazole as positive
control approximately with the inhibition zones of crude extracts .

Sialic acid (SA) have been used as one of laboratory markers in diagnosis a variety of
pathological conditions, and it have been found to be elevated in a number of different
cancers .Many studies have shown that mean values of total sialic acid (TSA) or lipid-bound
sialic acid (LSA) were higher in patients with cancer than in normal subjects .The aim of the
present study was to determine the serum of total sialic acid (TSA), lipid-bound sialic acid
(LSA),total protein (TP) and TSA/TP levels in the(Tuberculosis TB and Lung cancer LC )
compared with healthy controls , data analysis indicated a significant increase ( P=0.0001 ) in
TSA and LSA levels in (TB,LC) groups in comparison with healthy controls, no difference
was observed in TSA concentrations between (TB,LC) groups, no difference LSA levels were
observed when (TB) patients compared with healthy controls ,.The concentration of TP was
slightly elevated( P=0.042 ) in (TB,LC) groups comparison with healthy controls ,there was a
significant increased ( P=0.0001 ) in TSA/TP levels in (TB,LC) groups in comparison with
healthy controls.

Study included feeding juvenile grass carp Ctenophartyngodon idella on toxic alga Nostoc
muscurum as solitary and mixture feeding ( toxic alga and clover) as compared with fed on
clover only ( control group ) with three feeding periods ( 24 h, 15 days and 35 days ) to
evaluated toxic effects of these types of food on some blood parameters and activity of some
liver enzymes in blood of C. idella juvenile . Study showed significant decreasing in mean of
red blood corpuscles (RBCs) , white blood corpuscles (WBCs), Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed cell
volume (PCV) and total protein in blood plasma when C. idella juvenile fed on toxic alga and
fed on mixture feeding compared with control group with increasing food periods . Also study
showed highly significant increasing P<0.05 in activity of some liver enzymes represented by
alkaline phosphatase (ALP) , alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminase ( AST) in
all feeding periods when C. idella juvenile fed on toxic alga and mixture feeding compared with
control group with notes reduction in survival percentage and means weight of juvenile after
fed on toxic alga and mixture feeding .

This study was carried out for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus and identification it
from Cow΄s ruminal contant through take of specimens and caltured it on (MSA), the
percentage of isolation on this media about 52%, Biochemical tests were done. In biotyping
test the percentage reveled in type C about 61.5% while in type A 38.4% .The specimens gave
76% for pigment on Milk agar .While in antibiotic tests appeard sensitive 80.76%.

During this study a new antibiotic was isolated from Streptomyces alboflavus which
was active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria .The isolate antibiotic was
white crystalline powder at (28-30)C˚. Physicochemical properties were studied includes
TLC, IR spectroscopy and Uv spectrum as well as color tests, all these studies indicate that
the antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp. Is a nucleoside antibiotic and gave the name
(NA).The minimal inhibitory concentration of produced nucleoside antibiotic were
determined against five standard gram positive positive and gram negative bacteria with
MIC value ranged (2-25) µ/ml .

The risk factors of chronic renal failure (CRF), including diabetes and hypertension, are
described in present study. Also, study involved the effect of lifestyle factors of CRF, such as
(age, gender, smoking, chronic disease and area of residence). Also the study included an
estimation of urea and creatinine in serum blood of chronic renal failure (CRF) which treated
with hemodialysis. The urea and creatinine were tested in the present study only for practical
purposes because of a good standard for determining kidney functions. Blood samples of (30)
patients with chronic renal failure from both sexes were compared with (50) samples taken
from healthy individuals as a control group.The results demonstrated a significant elevation in
blood urea and creatinine concentrations for patients with (CRF) in compared to control
group. The hemodialysis process caused a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the concentration
of urea and creatinine, the results also demonstrated that the some risk factors greatly affect
on incidence of chronic renal failure.

This research includes the synthesis and characterization of Shiff's bases crown ethers
prepared from condensation between cis-diaminodibenzo-18-crown-6 and benzaldehyde
substituted with some groups such as; 4-H , 4-CH2(CH2)6CH 3 , 4-Cl , 4-Br and 4-NO2 and their complexes with Fe(NOO.The study involved solubility, melting points and thermal stability, elemental analysis have been detected with spectral studies using 1 H-NMR, UV-Visible and IR-spectroscopy .Theyfound to be solid crystalline and appear to be salt Shiff's bases crown ethers formed by Iondipole interaction between the cation and the
negatively charged oxygen atoms symmetrically placed in the crown ether ring .The complexes were prepared with molar ratio 1:1(ligand:metal salt) .they were found to have the general formula :- [Fe (L) (NO 3 ) 3 .9H O].

The theortical calculations of phenol, phenoxy, phenol-water complex, phenoxy-water complex (I, II, III, IV) were studied by quantum chemical calculations.The optimized structures of the compounds were obtained by the Density functional theory (DFT) in gas phase at B3LYP / 6-311G (d, p) & MP2 / 6-311G (d, p) level of theory. The study shown that the value of total energy for compound (II) has much more energy and accordingly less stability in comparison with the compound (I), the compound III (phenol-complex) and compound IV (pheoxy-complex), have more stable structure than compounds ( I, II ). In addition we calculated the HOMO-LUMO, energy gap and system properties such as ionization potential (I), hardness (η), electronegetivity(X),electrophilicity (ω). The calculation interaction energies show that the compound (IV) showed larger energy than compound (III). All calculations was carried out for (I, II, III, IV) and showsthe favorable state for stabilities (more stable)(I>II, III>IV).

Nitrilo derivatives of N-alkyl and N-aryl phenyl piperazine have been synthesized and
screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. All the synthesized compounds showed the
antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MTCCB 737),
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCCB 741),Streptomyces epidermidis (MTCCB 1824) and
Escherichia coli(MTCCB 1652) and antifungal activity against pathogenic strains of
Aspergillus fumigatus (ITCC 4517), Aspergillus flavus (ITCC 5192) and Aspergillus niger
(ITCC 5405). All compounds showed mild to moderate antimicrobial activity. However,
compounds 3c, 4a and 6 showed potent antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains used
in the study. Compounds 3a, 3b, 4b, and 4d showed mild to moderate antifungal activity
against Aspergillus pathogenic strains.

The goal of graph clustering is to partition vertices in a large graph into different clusters
based on various criteria such as vertex connectivity or neighborhood similarity. Graph
lustering techniques are very useful for detecting densely connected groups in a large graph. In
this research, we introduce a clustering algorithm for graphs; this algorithm is based on Markov
lustering (MCL), which is a clustering method that uses a simulation of stochastic flow. We
have tuned to set the proper factors of inflation, matrix and threshold. Theoretical analysis is
provided to show that the enhanced EMCL-Cluster is converging. Then the proposed method is
ompared with other clustering methods.

As a classic clustering method, the traditional k-Means algorithm has been widely used in
image processing and computer vision, pattern recognition and machine learning. It is known that
the performance of the k-means clustering algorithm depends highly on initial cluster centers.
Generally initial cluster centers are selected randomly, so the algorithm could not lead to the
unique result. In this paper, we present a method to compute initial centers for
k-means clustering. Our method based on an efficient technique for estimating the modes of a
distribution. We apply the new method in segmentation phase of color images. The experimental
results appeared quite satisfactory.

We consider the problem of scheduling jobs on a single machine about a common due
date. Our objective is to determine the common due date and processing sequence of new jobs
together with the re-sequencing of old jobs which minimize the sum of jobs’
earliness/tardiness, completion time penalties and due date related penalty. We drive
properties that can be used to find the optimal common due date and processing sequence.
Since our problem is NP-hard, we propose Ant colony algorithm (ACO) to solve the problem
efficiently. Results from computational study reveal that Ant colony algorithm (ACO) can

this paper studied the bifurcation solutions of elastic beams equation by using Lyapunov-Schmidt method. The bifurcation equation corresponding to the elastic beams equation has been found. Also, the Discriminant set (bifurcation set) of the elastic beams equation has been found for some values of parameters.

In this work, we study the characteristic temperature of a quantum dot laser (QDL) in
presence of internal optical loss and quantum efficiency. The control parameters (the constant
component of internal loss coefficient, effective cross section, carrier excitation energies from
a QD to the optical confinement layer (OCL), and the root mean square (RMS) of relative
QD-size fluctuations) are used for achieving free carrier density in the OCL and threshold
current density and its component.

Nanocrystalline tin dioxide (SnO ) thin film was prepared on glass substrate by chemical vapour deposition (CVD), taking starting material tin chloride solution (SnCl 2 .2H 2 2 O). The thin film were characterized for the composition by x-ray diffraction, the XRD result shows a regular, smooth morphology. The deposited film was found to be
polycrystalline and consisted only of the tetragonal phase SnO with no structural change, and they were well crystallized during deposition. The average grain size was found to be 33.35 nm as calculated by XRD using Debye Scherror Formula. After annealing the films in air at 400, 500, and 600 o2 C the grain size was 27.905 nm, 27.263 nm, and 32.172 nm respectively. The optical properties (absorbance and transmittance) have been measured.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal condition characterized by abdominal pain and cramps; changes in bowel movements. There is no cure for IBS; however, dietary changes, stress management, and sometimes medications are often able to eliminate or substantially reduce its symptoms. Although the exact
causes of IBS are unknown, research suggests that people with IBS may have a colon that is more sensitive and reactive to certain foods and stress. Stress feeling mentally or emotionally tense, troubled, angry or overwhelmed stimulates colon spasms in people with IBS. Therefore we discuses the relation between IBS and the end product of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) due to oxidative stress and determination of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity as antioxidants

Fourteen fungal species were isolated from outer surface of 50 specimens of American
cockroaches collected from different places in AL-Diwaniya educational general hospital
(wards, Kitchen, pathways, and water cycles) during Autumn 2008. Fungi represented by
three species of dermatophytes (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum and
Trichophyton rubrum) and eleven species of other fungi. However, high frequency was
expressed by Aspergillus flavus (18.51%) and less frequency was T. mentagrophytes (2.11%).
Some fungi were screened for the aflatoxin production, Hemolysis ability and activity of
phospholipase. The results showed that all of fungi isolated have ability to aflatoxin
production except M. gypseum, T. rubrum and C. albicans. Whereas the results of Hemolysis
ability on blood agar revealed that all of fungi have ability to hemolyze blood except C.
albicans and Trichophyton rubrum, and highest of hemolysis ability was Asp. fumigatus and
less was Mirosporum gypseum. The results show too, that the C. albicans was high
phospholipase activity, and in second grade was Asp. flavus, whereas Asp. fumigatus, M.
gypseum, T. rubrum and Alternaria alternata record less enzymatic activity.

the study was conducted to know the effect of water application rate (R) and soil texture (S)
on vertically and horizontally movement of water in the soil profile under triclcle irrigation
two type of soil texture (S1 sandy Loam, S2 Loamy soil ) and three water application rate
(R1=0.5 L/h, R2=1.0 L/h and R3= 1.5 L/h) was used.The used soil was in plastic container(
80*80)cm with plexiglass in one side of container to show the vertically movement of
water clearly . The results were showed that the horizontal wet front increases with
increasing the water application rate in the Loam soil as compard with sandy loam soil , but
the vertically distance of wet front at the sandy loam was more than the same distance at the
loam soil . The Philip (1958) one and two term equation used to fit the experimental data of
wet front distance with time.Emperical equation that describe this movement were also used
for the all treatment.

In the present study , Madagascar Periwinkle Catharanthus roseus (L.)G.Don
alkaloids were evaluated against two cancer cell lines :larynx human cancer cell line Hep2,and
mouse breast cancer cell line AMN3 , by using four concentrations for each cell line (25,12.5,6,25,3.125)mg/ml(in triplicate).and it has been found that alkaloids showed
highest activity against larynx human cancer cell line Hep-2 ,while exhibited weak activity
against mouse breast cancer cell line AMN3 compared with control treatment.

The alcoholic extracts of the rigidus Juncus family, the larval ... 65.55% of the respondents decided to leave the country and return to their families, while the percentage of those who decided to leave the country reached 55.55%, 78.88% and 68.88% respectively. The nitrate extracts were repeatedly shown to cause a decrease in the number of larvae, which was 0.037% in the first 80 days of the experiment. The nitrate extracts were shown to cause a decrease in the number of larvae, which was 0.57% in the second 80 days of the experiment. The highest mortality rate was 55.55% in the first 80 days of the experiment. The highest mortality rate was 50% in the second 80 days of the experiment. The highest mortality rate was 55.55% in the third 80 days of the experiment. The highest mortality rate was 50 ... 55.55% of the total nutrient content of the soil was 57%, while the highest percentage of nutrient content of the soil was 75.55%, 68.88% and 88.88% in the adult and juvenile larvae. Keywords: Calliphoravicina, Juncus rigidu, Capparisspinosa, Bioremediation

The study was carry out fordetectionthe microbial contamination in waters and sediments of Abu-Zariq Marsh at Al-Nassiriyah city southeren of Iraq.From March 2009 to Auguest 2010 three stations have been were taken bacterial account such as: Total coliform (Tc), Fecal colifirm (Fc), Fecal enterococci (Fe), and their relationship with the presence of pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella). Also in order determe the total organic carbon in sediments (TOC%) and its relationship with microbial indicators. The resultes appeared high of level of contamination in second station during Winter and Autum and lowest level in thired station. Total coliformranged between 1700 and 5400 cell/100ml, Fecal coliform ranged between 1500 and 4500 cell/100ml , Fecal enterococci ranged between 4000 and 15000cell/100 ml. and Salmonella spp. were isolated from 7 (58.3%) out of 12 water samples and 100% from sediments ,Total organic carbon in sediment was 1.9% in the second station during Spring, whereas the lowest range was 0.72% in the first station during Autum, whith presence of positive correlation with numbers of bacteria.

This study deals with using of anis seeds extracts to synergy the synthetic pyrethroid insecticide Sumicidin against confused flour beetles Tribolium confusum.Also found percents of mortality todifferent concentrations of insecticides alone and mixture with extract by different mixture ratios. Lethal concentration of 50(Lc50) value was concluded then synergistic ratio for sumicidin alone tests and the using ratio tests mixture too. Results showthat mortality ratio of insects exposed to sumicidin alone were increased more than to mixture ,so the mortality ratio of the concentration (0.1)ml/l as (24.09) in the mixture ratio (1:1) and (44.4)in (1:3)for the same concentration while there was no mortality ratio in sumicidin alone test .Experimented insects were recorded the highest responsible degree to sumicidin alone in (0.5)ml/l concentration while ahigh degree for the mixture of sumicidin and extracte was in (1:3) as (44.4) in (0.1)ml/l concentration .Also study was showed the Lc50value for sumicidin alone (5.4)and for mixtures ratios (2.5) (0.5) respectively .Study showed that the anis extract was synergetic sumicidin as(2.3)fold in the first mixture ratio and (1.8)fold in the second mixture ratio.

The present study aimed to determine the concentration of 4 trace elements(Pb,Cd,Cu and Ni)in the falling particulate and soil in Vicinity region of brick factories in Al-Islah district in Thi-Qar governorate , during the period from Autumn 2009 until Summer 2010 . Samples were collected from six stations, three station with the wind direction and the other in opposite region, while the seventh station was chousion in right on the wind direction about 3Km for from the brick factories. The results were showed regional and seasonal variations in the concentration of the mentioned metals in both types of samples. The means annual concentrations of (Pb,Cd,Cu and Ni) in particulate were (111.76,4.14,24.98 and 82.43) μg/gm dry weight respectively , while their mean annual concentration in soil were (245.38,6.92,61.30 and 131.17) μg/gm dry weight respectively . Low mean annual concentrations were recorded in station 7 (reference station) there are (34.31,2.21,19.41,27,2)μg/gm dry weight respectively. The study showed that particulate matter and soil in the study area recorded higher concentration from the studied elements, while the reference station was recorded lower values for all metals under the study. Significant correlations wereobservedbetween metals concentrations in particulate and soil .Inconclusion the effluents of bricks factories contribute clearly in supporting the soil by the studied metal through the precipitate particulate, because of the operation of these factories was by heavy fuel. Also in despite of the higher concentration of the metals under the study, but their concentration were in acceptable range , when they compared with the other studies ells where.

A field experiment was conducted t Al-Qurna which is located north of Basrah governorate at the autumn growing season of 2008 using four corn GenotypesZea mays L. (Res.106 , hybrid 3001 , 5012 synthetic , 5015 synthetic ),three Fe concentration (100,150 and 200 ppm) and two Ze .