Midad Al-Adab Refereed Journal

The critical lesson was meant by "objective formations", as it represents a basic theme of poetic discourse as a linguistic system that is in direct contact with the recipient. The critics turned to the analysis of these formations, and their views differed on the methodological level and visions in this, so the subject of my study came; To monitor the poetic share of these formations in the poetry of Ibn Nabatah Al-Masiri, observing the evolutionary stages of the poet’s poetic language through its evolutionary stages, because his youth stage represented the real beginning of the poetic experience; What followed later in the developmental artistic stages were reflected in the characteristics of his poetic language.

The importance of the research comes from the fact that the poet went through different social conditions and lived a miserable social life that needs to be shed light on, and this is a part of the purpose of the research, and another part of it is to highlight the significance and impact of that social life on reciting poetry, poetry is feelings, emotion and reality that every poet is affected by.

The study of the dichotomy of (generosity / miserliness) was of great importance, as it is of significant economic value, which expressed the opposing dualities of the depth of the reality in which the poet lived. The poet, and to show the contradictory relations of society, and the value of the variance, therefore, I dealt in this research with the dichotomy of generosity and miserliness in the poems of the poet Ibn Al-Khayyat. Generosity iin society, and on the other hand, denying and leaving everything related to the rejected values of miserliness.

The current study deals with the poetic image of Shaykh, poet and the scholar “ Mara’ee Bin Yousif al-Krimi” poetry ( d. 1033 AH) ; he was a scholar , poet , he has a huge volumes exceeding 100 volumes in different sciences . His volume was called “al-Ghazal al-Matloob Fi al-MuhobWa al Mahboob” ; this volume was written until becoming as a poetical volume in 2021 after the investigation.Thus, the researcher studies this volume among the Arabic literature and Arabic literary men. As researchers, we examine this volume above mentioned to bring out the active image since the poetry has poetic images as the painters. Through the linguistic indications and textual and constructive contexts that offer to us the images, so this work is merged with the literary work and artistic creation.

The research attempts to combine two different views towards the rhetorical devices of the science of the beautiful, and to show the high status that befits this wonderful art, by highlighting its artistic function and its aesthetic value within the poetic text, which does not stop at the limits of improvement and decoration, but goes beyond highlighting its role in the statement The meaning, the beauty of the utterance, and the implications and connotations it entails, through which the poet transmits his poetic experience to the recipient.

This research aims to investigate the art of metaphor in Ibn Al-Jaiab's poetry, so, it contains a definition to the metaphor, starting from its relation to the figures of speech, and follows the quotes of the scholars and its divisions to the metaphor, and to the issues of the similarity and the differences between both; the metaphor and the simile, and to its divisions, from the point of view of its components, and show the way of the poet's use to this art, through the procedures of analyzing and explaining, so, the goal of this research had to find the artistic elements that build the unique poetic image in the poetry of Ibn Al-jaiab.

The Metaphor (Al-Estearaa) assumed a great position in the field of rhetorical studies because of its effective power in the discourse formation, structuring their fabrics, and achieving their aesthetics. It is not just a linguistic tool used by him or the writers, but rather it is an essential part of the method used by the writer to express many of his contents in an eloquent, beautiful and influential manner. Guidance, where his preaching discourses in the manner of metaphor constituted speaking artistic paintings whose purpose is to influence the recipient with a statement, exhortation, guidance, and a reminder. Therefore, I thought it useful to shed light on some of these discourses with explanation and analysis, revealing the the elements of beauty of them through a study titled (Metaphorical Formation in the"Alfatih Al-Rabbani and Al-Fayd Al-Rahmani" book) divided into two sections, the first section included the meaning of Metaphorical formation linguistically and idiomatically, as well as the statement of the eloquence of the metaphorical method, while the second section included the statement of the applied study through which the origin of the metaphorical texts was analyzed for models of their types as well as the introduction and conclusion.

The nature of a Man is to try to hide what he says or writes, and sometimes only the one to whom the speech is addressed understands it directly, and then the enigmatic text constitutes a dialogue method of artistic value. However, its poetic language and its moral contents indicate the method of manipulating letters or words, which reveals the poet's ability and his ability to use his artistic tools. Because the aesthetic of reception does not look at texts except as structures for generating meanings and integrating the reader with the text. To rebuild it again, based on the mental activities of the recipient, the mental structure of the reader or recipient becomes part of the structure of the text, one cannot be separated from the other.

Contrasting dichotomies are one of the important cornerstones that poets rely on in constructing their poems since ancient times. At the beginning of the era of Islam، these opposing dichotomies were evident in the poems of the poet Ziyad al-Ajam، who lived most of his life in the first century AH، and took from them a color and a character that he prefers in building his poems such as : death and life، good and evil، wealth and poverty، honesty lies، and other opposing dualities، as the contents of these opposing binaries varied and were distributed according to the poet’s need and the occasion in which he was heavy، and the study of this research showed that the poet clearly leans on this color، and this appears It is clear to you that he reads the poet’s divan، and we can also say that the poet made these opposing dualities a compound of types of alliteration، counterpoint، and other rhetorical rules.

The dialectic dichotomy of ego and otherness constituted the contemporary critical culture a new concept regarding the analysis of poetic texts in particular. Therefore, many critics took on their shoulders to investigate the background of such texts depending of the such dischotomy. And from here came to me the implementation of some artistic manifestations that disclose the purposes of most of the models of the collection of the poet / Hafez Al-Shammari for analysis in the light of that dichotomy; To define areas of intent in a way that agrees with the poet's intent without jumping on the text or twisting the necks of semantics in it.

Abstract
Preaching is of great importance in the lives of people everywhere and at all times, and it is not limited to one group without the other, as all human beings need sermons and preaching. Preaching is by enticing and intimidating, by commanding and forbidding.
So preaching: is the speech to which hearts are softened, and the greatest thing to which the hearts of the wise are softened, the commands and prohibitions of their Lord; When they hear the command, they fear God's wrath in not complying with it, and they hope for God's reward. Likewise, if they hear the prohibition, then fear and greed make them obey God, and their hearts soften to obedience out of fear and hope.
The study included an introduction, a preamble, and six parts. In the preamble, I spoke about the meaning of preaching linguistically and idiomatically, and the six parts were devoted to explaining the significance of preaching, as there were Ayas in which preaching indicates softening of hearts, others on remembrance and guidance, and others on fear and rebuke, as other Ayas indicate that The sermon came with the meaning of the Qur’an, and another came with the meaning of contentment, and another indicated the meaning of command and prohibition, and relied on the books of Arabic dictionaries and books of interpretation and meanings of the Glorious Qur’an.

Semantics in the linguistic lesson, although it seems to be modern, its origins are rooted in the linguistic heritage of Arab scholars and first scholars. The meaning is an abstract mental conception. Rather, it is a vital image and a renewed element that is subject to change and interpretation. We summarize the issue of meaning; which formed the focus of the attention of scholars and linguists, as they enter into fundamental issues, through which the significance is determined, which is the speaker’s intent and intent. As for the scholars of origins, we find the jurist focusing on the issue of meaning; Because it represents the main pillar in deducing jurisprudential rulings, as we can see, the fundamentalists’ interest in meaning has reached a degree of maturity that made them classify the meaning presented by the uttered according to its gradation, whether it is clear or hidden.

This research aims to introduce Al-Herami Omar bin Isa bin Ismail (d. 702 AH) and his position on consensus in his book (Al-Muharrar fi Al-Nahw). As he counted on it as an asset of the grammatical field, he relied on it in presenting his scientific material and resorted to it in deciding the grammatical, morphological and linguistic rules and opinions.
It is originally a guide from the legal evidence and a basic rule in the science of jurisprudence and its origins, then it was transferred to the Arabic grammar, and it became a guide and an origin of its origins, and accordingly it is a deductive origin that the grammarians took from the principles of jurisprudence.
This research came to show us the position of Al-Herami (d. 702 AH) from this origin and its impact on deciding opinions, confirming, clarifying, justifying, rejecting, refuting, and directing opinions.

The research aims to study the dictionary "Al-Sahih Taj al-Lughah wa Sahih al-Arabiyyah - al-Jawhari", which is one of the dictionaries of the language that allows citing the noble hadith of the Prophet, especially since its hadiths have not yet been studied in terms of hadith. The current study will contribute to the highlight the rest of the language and grammar books, as well as to the production of modern encyclopedias. To serve the honorable Sunnah, and to provide verified scientific material collected with one reference; To make it easier for researchers to refer to and cite them.

Abstract
This research aims to define, reveal and explain the most important thing that is distinguished by the approach of Sheikh Mohammad Ali Taha Al-Durrah (d.1428 AH) in his book (Fath Al-Qarib Al-mujib, Iraab Shawahid Al-mughaniy Al-labib by ibn Hisham Al-Ansari (d. 761AH).
The sheikh presented his grammatical material in a scientific mannar and with evidence and grammatical origins, it was represented by listening, analogy, consensus, and accompaniment of the situation, far from complexity, redundancy, and repetition. This is what the reader will notice in the pages of this research.

First: I liked to specialize in this subject, the subject of Qur’anic studies, which is one of the greatest and most prestigious sciences, and as it is known, the honor of science is the honor of the known.
Second: God has willed that my research be in: (The principles of Seeking Knowledge in the Light of the Glorious Qur’an), and the study of the Glorious Qur’an will have the greatest share of the care of our righteous predecessors in the early days of Islam at the time of the Prophet - peace be upon him - and the Companions and the followers and their followers, They read it the right of recitation, understood its surahs and ayas, understood its words, sought accuracy and honesty in the transmission of its interpretation and statement, and performed it as they carried it on to those after them until it reached us safe from all falsehoods, not touched by the slightest distortion, to achieve.

My research (the concept of worshipping and its impact on the formation of personality), came to explain the impact of the Glorious Qur’an that was revealed to the the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) in the formation of the features of this personality, its correct approach, and its path on the straight path, because it has a teacher distinguished by the correct approach, and high morals, And moderate moderation, so that the Muslim personality became the key to all good, the closure to all evil, and the path to all knowledge, and that piety and worship are clearly evident in the formation of the features of the Muslim personality by making it far from all forbidden and close to all permissible, a moderate personality that follows the approach of truth and nullifies the path of falsehood, and came the Islamic religion is balanced, compatible, and just in all areas of life. One of the features of the Muslim personality is discipline, justice, and moderation towards these areas.

Abstract
Hypothetical issues are considered among the prominent scientific issues that have significant presence in the great interpretation of Imam Al-Razi. They are questions and expectations that may arise in the mind of the interpreter himself or in the mind of the reader, so Imam Al-Razi discusses and answers them in a sober scientific manner.
The benefit of these issues appears to be that they close the door to violators, develop the ability to think and be creative, and make scholars and researchers master what they write, so that there is no doubt about it.
The research was divided into three topics:
The first topic: definition of hypothetical issues.
The second topic: the desired benefits of hypothetical issues.
The third topic: types of hypothetical issues.
Then the conclusion in which the research results are mentioned.

This research deals with the study of the methodology of Allama Siddiq Hasan Khan in the reasons for the descent, in his book (Nail al-Maram min Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam). In the light of the approach followed in induction, description and analysis, the study is divided into the followings: introduction and four sections. In the first section, the researcher dealt with an overview of the author and his book, and in the second one, he dealt with the definition of the reasons for revelation, then in the third section, he dealt with the importance of the reasons for revelation and the benefits of knowing them, then in the final one, he presented his approach and method in listing the reasons for revelation in his interpretation of Nail al-Maram, then followed by the conclusion, which contains the most important results of the study, and finally the sources and references are established.

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, prayer and peace for the best of creation, and for all his household and companions.
O God, teach us what benefits us the most, and make us get benefit from what we learned and provide us with useful knowledge that brings us closer to you.
The term signs in the Glorious Qur’an' is one of the modern terms in scientific circles, and it indicates the interpretation of some Quranic Ayas or their interpretation in line with some scientific theories or modern discoveries. Therefore, scholars and Muslims differed in it. Some of them see it as a new opening and renewal in the way of calling to God and the guidance of people, and some of them see that this color of the interpretation comes out with the Glorious Qur’an from the goal for which it was revealed, my studies on this topic were divided into four investigations, abstract and conclusion.

This research aims to state the jurisprudential opinions of Imam Ismael AlDhareer (d. 430 A.H) which concern retribution, fasting and pilgrimage, in his book of interpretation of Quran: AlKifaya Fi Al-Tafseer.
These opinions are considered significant in the Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). Obviously, most of the opinions are based on the Shafi' school of Islamic jurisprudence.
The research consists of an introduction and three sections, in addition to a conclusion and a list of references.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, praise be to Him for the care He surrounded us with, included us with His grace and mercy, and covered us with His bounties and blessings, and prayers and peace be upon the enlightening and guiding guide, our master, the Messenger of God Muhammad bin Abdullah, peace be upon him, and upon his pure household and his good companions, and upon those who He walked on their path and traced their trail as night and day followed.
The most honorable, the best, the most useful and the most complete science; is the sciences of the Glorious Qur’an, for it is the science of the origin of all sciences, and from it all sciences branch off, and their laws are built upon it. Who has a high status, among all other sciences, for what carries with it high knowledge, and lofty demands, which are only supervised by the owners of pure souls, and pure minds, and Muslims have been, since the revelation of the noble Qur’an to the heart of the Prophet, peace be upon him, they pay attention to the science of interpretation The interest is a lesson and a teaching, so the Prophet, peace be upon him, was the first interpreter, then after him the honorable companions, then the followers, then their followers, then the scholars of the imams, and the distinguished researchers.

Praise be to God and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and his household and companions. Al-Mighty Allah has revealed His Noble Book as a guidance to the worlds, and deposited in it an integrated approach for the good of humanity, whether individual or groups, and in matters of faith, politics, economics and morals, which achieve happiness for the individual and society in both homes.
Several things became clear to me through this study, the most important of which are:
The nature of the research necessitated that I divided it into five demands, the most important results that I reached, and a list of sources and references.

All praise is to Allah, and prayer and peace be upon the Messenger of Allah Mohammad (PBUH). This study aims to reveal the occasion between the story of redemption and the topic of Surat Assaffat; and its importance of explaining the cohesion of the parts of a single Surah, given that each Surah has a distinct personality and is independent from others in everything, even in choosing the topic from the Qur’anic story. I dealt with the definition of occasions, objective unity, and Quranic stories. As for the practical section, I dealt with the identification sign of Surat Assaffat, and its objective unit statement, the summary of the story of redemption, and its relevance to the subject of the surah. The study concluded several results; like that the Qur’anic story is mentioned in "the surah" to perform its function, so the story of redemption came in Surat Assaffat to serve the topic of the surah as a place of worship to Allah and follow His guidance.