University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science

The aim of this study is to evaluate the level of complement components C3 and C4 in serum of cancer patients to find which activation pathway of the complment system has the more effect in these cases . A total of 20 blood samples were collected from cancer patients , C3 and C4 complement components were measured by SRID plates . The results showed a significant elevation in C3 and C4 level in compartion with control group. C3 level was higher than C4 level which suggest that the activation of classical pathway in cancer patients .

This study was designed to compare the effect of prepared and unprepared semen processed by conventional layering (direct swim-up) and centrifugation swim-up technique on seminal fluid analysis parameters and pregnancy rates in infertile subjects undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) performance. Fifty infertile couples enrolled in this study and semen samples were analyzed before and after in vitro sperm activation by standard semen parameters. However, spermatozoa prepared by direct layering technique and centrifugation swim-up technique. Conversely, HOS-test was performed before and after in vitro sperm preparation by mixing 0.1 ml of semen with 1.0 ml of 150 mOsm/L NaCl as a hypo-osmotic solution. Furthermore, sperm concentration, sperm motility, progressive sperm motility, normal sperm morphology, and HOS-test were evaluated according to standard WHO criteria. For IUI technique, sperm prepared and incubated for 30 minute in 5% CO2 at 37ºC. The results of the present study indicate a highly significant (P<0.001) differences for all sperm functions and sperm HOS-test (P<0.001) were reported post in vitro sperm activation using direct swim-up and centrifugation swim-up method as compared to pre-activation. Whereas, the best results for clinical pregnancy rate were reported for semen samples prepare by using simple layering technique with IVF medium.

Venous blood had been collected from sexity women with habitual abortion from Thi-Qar Governorate cities to study and evaluate the prevalence of Cytomegalovirus infection and from twenty healthy looking women as control. The test performed using ELISA method to detect the IgM and IgG antibodies in patients and control sample by commercial kit. The result showed that 60 of 60 women (100%) had antibodies against CMV, 9 (15%) with IgM antibodies, 21 (35%) with IgG antibodies and 30 (50%) with both IgM and IgG antibodies. Other women (controls) they were negative for CMV infection.

water samples at each treatment step of drinking water treatment plants(DWTPs) in Erbil city were collected to study sixteen PAHs componds listed by USEPA as priority pollutants and determine the efficiency of each process in removal of PAHs .The highest values of(0.313μg/L and 0.233 μg/L)were recorded for Benzo(k)flouranthene in DWTP 1 and 2(Efraz 1,2)during June 2008 in raw water ,while the highest value of 0.174 μg/Lwas recorded for Acenaphtheen and flourene during june 2008 in raw water at Efraz 3.No values were recorded for Low molecular weight PAHs during the study periods at DWTPs in some treatment steps. The lowest values in
the tap water(treated water)which reffered to the efficiency of treatment processes in removing of PAHs from the source water. mean concentration of Total PAHs compounds which ranged between (0.150-1.43 μg/L), (0.081-1.462μg/L) and (0.080-0.0941were recorded at Efraz 1, 2 and 3 during June 2008 and April 2009 in in source water and tap water respectively. the removing
percentage of totl PAHs were (84%,90% and 85%) and (83%,92% and 86%) were recorded at Efraz 1,2,3 during June2008 and April 2009 respectively.The highest values were recorded for 5- ring (BbF,BkF.BaP,DBA)PAHs at Efraz and 2 and 4-ringPAHs(Flur,Py,BaA and chry)at efraz

An experiment in plastic pots was conducted to know the effect of different salt concentration levels ( 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 ) ds/m of sodium chloride in addition to distill water as a control treatment on the growth and some organic chemical compounds of barley plant ( local variety ) cultivated in Iraq . The results of the study shows an increase on the salt concentration
levels causing a gradual decrease on the growth of plant in terms of stems heights (11.5-4.3 cm), water content percentages (87.6-85.0 %) and dry matter weights at the all salinity treatments as compared with distilled water at a control treatment , and increasing in the carbohydrates (1.5- 2.5 µg/gm), proteins (12.3-15 µg/gm) and proline (7.8-12.4 µg/g concentrations whereas the different patterns of a significant differences were observed between the all salinity treatments .

The humoral immune response including serum Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM and IgA) and complement components (C3 and C4) level in Hodgkin (HL) and Non-Hodgkin(NHL) Lymphoma patients were studied. Forty five samples were taken (20 NHL ,10 HL , 15 control) , examined by single Radial Immunodiffusion assay (SRID).The results showed a non significant elevation of IgG level in the sera of HL & NHL patients 1097.9 mg/dl and 1088.3 mg/dl , respectively , in comparison with control group ( 950.7 mg/dl ) ; Non significant elevation of IgM level also had been reported in the sera of HL & NHL patients 232.71 mg/dl and 228.6 mg/dl , respectively , while it reached 166.78 mg/dl in control group. The results revealed a non significant decrease in IgA level in the sera of HL patients (227.2 mg/dl) while NHL patients showed non significant elevation of it ( 324.1 mg/dl) while it reached 304.3 mg/dl in control group. There was a non significant decrease in complement component C4 level in the sera of HL patients 21.331 mg/dl while NHL patients showed non significant and slightly increase of it ( 25.565 mg/dl ) in comparison with the mean value of the control group which reached 24.95 mg/dl. complement component C3 level was non significantly increase in the sera of HL patients 141.98 mg/dl while NHL patients showed non significant decrease in complement component C3 level 116.66 mg/dl in comparison with the mean value of the control group which reached 124.01 mg/dl.

Research doing on isolation and identification of S.aureus resistance to vancomycin and Methicillin on 547 samples outpatient ( adults and non –adults) clinic of Al Shefa General Hospital in Basrah district during the period from October, 2007 to March, 2008, their age was ranged from 5-65 years.
One urine sample was collected from each patient under investigation and cultured by the streaking method onto Enrichment media and Selective (differential) media because of the common urinary pathogens and other pathogens grow well on these cultures media.
For isolation species depending to genus staphylococcus especially S.aureus (COPS) and (CONS); the samples urine streaking on Mannitol-Salt agar (selective media), the biochemical reactions (identification tests) were doing for staphylococcus Spp. especially COPS, CONS and other bacterial species in dependence on Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (Holt et.al., 1994).
Furthermore, two antimicrobial agents were used in this research : Vancomycin in (30 mg) and methicillin ( 5 mg) for antimicrobial susceptibility test to S.aureus bacterial isolates (COPS); (CONS).
Results showed that the highest isolation rate of infection with S.aureus in cases: VRSA,VISA and VSSA were correlated with age group above 50 years in proportion: 7.93% , 4.76% and 12.69% respectively. Also, the Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was recovered 6.42% and 9.52% in age groups above 50 years. The MR Staphylococci (CONS) was isolated in this study in proportion 4.76%.

Current study performed for the first time in Thi-Qar governorate to evaluate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis infection among blood donors This is may be causes transmission the infection to another person by blood transfusion. Detection IgM antibody in early stage of infection and IgG in latent stage of infection by using (ELISA BioCheck company kit).
From the total serum samples (90) collected from healthy persons donated in the central blood banks in the city, Results show IgM and IgG antibodies seropositive was 13 (14.4%),25 (27.8%) respectively ,the higher percentage in IgM was 6(27.3%) was in age group 31-40 years and the lower percentage was 1(5.9%) in age group 41- 50 years, while IgG antibody recorded higher value 9(52.9%) in age group 41-50 years and the lower value in age group ‹ 20 years that was 3(15%).
The statistical analysis results show significant difference between age group in IgM antibody and there is a significant difference between age group in IgG antibody. The aim of this study to evaluate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among the healthy blood donors that may be cause transmission of infection to another peoples by blood transfusion by detection early and latent stages of infection.

This study was conducted in a private orchard during growing season 2009 to
investigate the effects of NaCl application on growth of Tomato (Lycopersicon
esculentum). The Saline water used was prepared in Six concentrations namely (1000, 2000, 3000 ,4000 and 5000 ppm) .This study was evaluated in Two steps, seed germination and plant growth. The result showed that salinity caused a delay in seed germination and reduce the number of germinated seeds .At higher NaCl concentration(5000 ppm) , No seed germination was observed. Chlorophyll content & leaf area decreased with increasing salinity. The plant height decreased with increasing salinity. plant fresh and dry shoot and root weights were decreased with increasing salinity. Increasing salinity levels in the water significantly decreased the content of N,K in leaves, and non decreased of P, and increased the content of Na .

Out of 150 cockroaches examined in this study, 125 cockroaches (83. 33%) were infected
with one or several species of external parasites (33.3) or gastro-intestinal helminthes (80%). The
percentage infection and number of parasites of Cockroaches trapped in the toilets of houses more
than infection of cockroaches trapped from the kitchens of houses (100% and 50%respectively)
and 2-62 parasites/ml of Cockroaches trapped in the toilets while those trapped from the kitchens
was1- 28 parasites/ml houses.
A seven species were isolated from the external surface and intestinal tract represented two
protozoa and five nematodes. This species were:
Entamoeba blatti (33%), Nyctotherus ovalis (65.3 %), Hammersmiditiella diesingi (33.3 %),
Thelastoma bulhoe (51.4 %), Gordius robustus (Horsehair worm) (1.3%), Enterobius
vermicularis eggs , (2%) Ascaris lumbricoids eggs (1.3%). No Cestodes were records in the
study.
Prevalence of intestinal worms was statistically higher significant than the protozoa in (P<0.05).
The number of worms per cockroaches ranged from 1-3 while protozoa 42 parasites/ml.
Prevalence of endoparasites were higher than ectoparasites and intestinal worms was statistically
higher significant than the protozoa in (80%; 3. 3%) and (83. 3%; 65.3 %) respectively.
This study revealed Cockroach represent an important reservoir or carrier for medical importance
parasites of human in houses as Enterobius vermicularis and Ascaris lumbricoids .
The work presents the first record of cockroach's parasites in Al-Diwaniya.

The microflora is essential for immune education and amplification of lymphoid effector
cells, mainly at the mucosal level. It is well documented that the efficacy of the mucosal
immune system can be significantly impaired in germ-free animals. In this study the bacteria
used as antigens (mitogen) to the stimulation of human immune cells in vitro. Gram-positive
Streptococci spp and gram-negative Escherichia coli was investigated. The stimulation of
human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by the various bacterial strains induced a differential
cytokine pattern. Streptococci and E. coli significantly (P ≤ 0.001) induced gamma interferon
(IFN- ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). All bacteria mediated the proliferation of human peripheral
blood mononuclear cells. Proliferate activity of lymphocytes was observed when mitogens were
added. The MTT is employed to assess the response of lymphocytes to a mitogen. Bacteria and
PHA was effective in inducing the MTT index of lymphocytes. Therefore, PHA, gram-positive
bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria showed a high significant (P ≤ 0.001) increased percentage
of MTT index (96.4, 88.2 and 74.7 %, respectively) as compared to control subjects (42.5%)
with no treatment.

In this paper we construct the broken circuit complex of a hypersolvable r -arrangement A by using the hypersolvable partition analogue and the hypersolvable ordering which respects the hypersolvable structure .We used the minimal informations that encoded in the intersection lattice pattern up to codimension two to define an isomorphism between the broken circuit complexes of any two supersolvable arrangements which enable us to produce a comparison between the structures of the broken circuit complexes of a hypersolvable arrangement and their Jambu'sPapadima's deformed supersolvable arrangements.

This research deals with the isolation of bacteria from aquatic birds mallard
(Anas platyrhynchos ) (5 male and 10 female) and pintail (Anas acuta)(3male and7 female).Atotal 25 birds have been collected from different locations fromBasrah province and identification for 18 species of bacteria children
1- Serratia Plymuthica 2- Enterobacter sakazakii 3-- Clostridium histolyticum
4- Staphylococcus saprophyticus 5- Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6- E.coli 7- Pseudomonas diminuta 8- Kluyvera ascorbata 9- Citrobacter braakii 10- Klebsella oxytoca 11- Serratia ficaria 12-Proteus mirabilis 13- Provdencia stuartii 14- Aeromonas hydrophila 15- Bacillus firmus 16- Citrobacter freundii 17- Citrobacter diversus 18- Staphylococcus sciuri The data analysis T.test and the correlation coefficient between weight increase and bacteria percentage and significant at level p<0.05 there were no significant difference 0f bacteria species according to the birds sex.

The present study was concerned with the effect of some heavy metals (Lead, Cadmium, Copper, and Zinc) and their toxicity individually on the growth of green alga Scenedesmus dimorphus which belongs to the phylum of Chlorophyta .This was achieved depending on the absorption values to measure the living biomass of the alga,and then computing the growth average and doubling time when exposing the alga to these metals.
The effective median concentration EC50 of each of these four metals were also computed.The concentrations (15, 20, 25, 30)mg/l of lead were used. Results showed that exposing the alga to the concentration (30) mg/l caused an acute decrease in growth. The other concentration (15, 20, 25)mg/l also led to a gradual decrease in growth. Treating the alga with(0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1)mg/l
concentration of Cadmium the number of cells decreased in case of three concentration (0.05, 0.1, 0.5) mg/l. The decrease in growth was greater and clearer in case of the concentration (1)mg/l concentration Cadmium.As for Copper the concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2)mg/l and the concentration (2)mg/l had the greatest effect in deceasing growth. Results also showed that the
concentration (3)mg/l of zinc had the greatest effect in decreasing the growth on compared with the other concentration (0.7, 1, 2, 3)mg/l.

The present study has proven that the livers of infected animals by Fasciola gigantica should not be addible for human being in even they cooked.
The present study involved use of (treated and untreated with heat) liver squash of infected Buffalo with F. gigantica, the results showed that feeding on infected livers caused congestion and increase in number of Kuffer‘s Cells in blood vessels in dosing mice with liver squash treated with heat.
The study revealed also congestion of blood vessels and sinusoids, in addition to aggregation of Kuffer‘s Cells beside blood vessels and increase in their number and hyperpigmentation of nuclei as well as enlargement of liver cells in the mice administered with liver squash untreated with heat.

The camel liver is highly lubulation in comparative with liver cows , so this study show highly significant difference between the two species in the size of the hepatocytes and their nuclei . the hepatocytes & nucleus in camel liver is very polyhedrale and large than that in cow liver which ismore arrange .the diameter of sinusoid in cow liver is larger than that in camel

Obesity was studied on a sample of students in Biology Dep. College Of Education Miasn University . Bio mass indicator (BMI) were calculated to 130 students (100 females and 30 males) . Results showed that females suffered from overweight, obesity and over obesity were (25%, 16% and 4% ) respectively . Males suffered from over weight , obesity and over obesity were (20% , 6.66% and 3.33%) respectively . This study showed that (45%) from females were suffered from overweight ,obesity and over obesity while (29.99%) from males were suffered from over weight ,
obesity and over obesity .

Antibacterial and antifungal effect of four medicinal plants extracts namely : Ocimum basillicum L , Vinca rosea L , Eruca sativa L and Nigella sativa L were tested . Three concentrations 500 mg/ml , 250 mg/ ml and 125 mg/ml of 50% water – acetic acid , alcoholic and butanolic extracts were prepared and tested against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pyogenes , Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia , and the yeasts Candida albicans , Cryptococcus neoformans , Rhodotorula rubra and Trichosporon sp. Agar wells diffusion method was used .
The results showed that the highest inhidition diameters (45.3)mm in 500 mg/ ml
concentration was for the acidic water extract of Ocimum basillicum L leaves against gram
positive bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes . But it was 16.3 mm for the acidic water extract of
Nigella sativa L seeds against Cryptococcus neoformans . On the other hand the butanolic extracts showed highest inhibition against Escherichia coli (19.6)mm and Rhodotorula rubra (15)mm , while the butanolic extracts of Vinca rosea L had highest inhibition against Cryptococcus neoformans (12.6)mm and Streptococcus pyogenes . (21.3)mm .
Alkaloids and phenolic compounds were extracted and their biological activity
effect against above isolates were tested , and the results did not show any inhibitory against isolates in the three concentrations 200 mg/ ml , 100 mg/ ml and 50 mg/ ml .
Also no sign for any cytotoxicity against red blood cells had been shown for all
types of extracts in concentration 500 mg/ ml .

This study was carried out to follow liability of transporting hydatid cyst among mice , Cysts isolated from mice labture infected by protoscolex after four month ,and then surgically transpored to uninfected mice. After one month post cultivation the cyst forming two laminated layer ,one of this developed and the other is still in the beginning of development in addition to germinal layer which consist of more row of cells, Control animals had cysts formed from one laminated layer and one row of germ layer.The histological changes in cultivated animals were less sever than animals infected with protoscolex

This study was conducted for the isolation and identification of P.aeruginosa from different clinical cases. The total number of samples were 129 sample wounds; burns; urinary tract ; chronic otitis media infections and were collected from and detection of their susceptibility for 15 antibiotic .
The total number of isolated and confirmed P.aeruginosa were 38 out from 129 samples. The distribution of positive isolates were 12 from 38 cases otisit infections ; 8 from 19 samples of burnes ; 10 from 50 samples of urin ;8 from 22 samples of wounds .All isolates show A high perecentage of resistance (100%) aginst penicillin and ampicillin .the lower resistance was registrated aginst Amikacin (30%), azthromycin (22%) ;ciprofloxacin (18%). According to the results our isolates were in consistent with what is called Multi Drug Resistant P.aeruginosa ( MDRPA) .The results of this study show that sex ;age and proloned antimicrobial admistration were fundamental factoers in reasing the chance of infection .

The present study designated to throw more light on the prevalence of Echinococcosis slughter livestock animals at Thi-Qar abattior.
The samples of the animals were 566 cases .It was found that 76 animals which were infected with hydatid disease including (31 cattles, 20 sheeps, 10 camels, 8 goats and 7 buffaloes). The cattle were higlly infected (20.67% ) while the lowest infection was in buffaloes ( 7.96% ) .It also concluded that the among females was 56.58% which was higher than the males 43.42% .It was also noted that percentage infection with hydatid disease was increased with the increase of the animals age.
The percentage was highest among animals in age 4 years or older 19.49% and the lowest was 8.18% among those less than 2 years old.
The present study show that liver was the higly infected organ (14.02%) follwed by lungs (12.23%).It included infection percentage according to seasonal variation. The highest infection percentage was 23.50% in Winter and lowest 1.10% in Summer

Experiment pot was conducted to study the effect of Arabic Gum ( Gum acacia) as a conditioner by different concentrations on some physical properties of loamy sand soil. This soil treated with five levels of Arabic Gum concentrations were (0.0 , 0.25 , 0.50 , 0.75 and 1.00)% , these concentrations added on the basis of dry soil weight , and wetted to field capacity, afterwards left to dry for 2weeks. The complete Randomize Design (C.R.D) and Revise Least Significant Difference (R.L.S.D) were used to analyze the results.
The results showed that the increased concentrations of Arabic Gum increased the agg.>1mm in average (3.07-50.44)% , soil penetration from (53.96-439.16)KN.m-2 , total porosity (33.07-38.21)% and soil moisture (9.67-12.87)% , whereas decreased bulk density from(1.74-1.61)Mg.m-3.

A study has been conducted for spilled crude oil in sand reservoir 2x2x1m3 each contains 1200 l water from Garmat Ali River, crude oil was poured in each reservoir as follows: 1.2, 2.4 and 3.6 l in the first three reservoirs respectively while the fourth was left without oil as control. The four reservoir were exposed to climate under the sun and wind, the changes in the spilled oil layers were investigated as well as some environmental parameters for water underneath which are temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen. Moreover, petroleum hydrocarbons were measured after certain intervals of 7, 12, 22 and 60 days of exposure. Spilled oil layers reduced with time aspetroleum hydrocarbons dissolved in the water for reservoir with oil in which
concentrations of dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons increased directly with thickness of oil spill compared with control reservoir. After a week of exposure dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons measured were 833.96 , 1564.33 and 2031.48 μg/l in the reservoir 1,2 and 3 respectively compared with 53.04 μg/l in the control reservoir. These levels were decreased with time in which they reached to 355.22, 623.65 and 1549.21 μg/l in the reservoirs 2 , 3 and 4 respectively after 60 days of exposure. Results were explained on
the basis of biodegradation, photo-oxidation due to increase temperature and decrease dissolved oxygen accompanied the exposure, in which temperature increased directly while dissolved oxygen decreased with exposure time and thickness of spilled oil.

تمت دراسة كفاءة التثبيط للراتنجات الامينية للمركبات الأمين لكنين و الامين مثيلول لكنين كعوامل تثبيط بدرجة حرارة 30 م ,ولسبيكتي الحديد الكاربوني والبراص باستخدام مياه شط العرب وقد بينت النتائج ان كفاءة التثبيط للراتنج الامين لكنين تبلغ 88.22 , 88.31 % بينما تبلغ كفاءة تثبيط الراتنج الاخر الامين مثيلول لكنين 77.89-85.06 % للحديد الكاربوني والبراص على التوالي وهي كفاءة عالية مقارنة مع المركب الاصلي اللكنين والتي تبلغ 57.31 , 59.85% والسبب في الكفاءة العالية للراتنجات هو احتواءها على المجاميع القطبية الامينية التي تكون غشاء واقي على سطح المعدن يحميه من التآكل

In this paper the analytic solution for equation of the satellite motion is used to find the Dimension elements for the orbit represented by Semi-major axis and eccentricity, this is done by the effect of the second harmonic J ب 2 of short term orbit for three initial conditions it is seen from it that the increasing in the eccentricity associated with increasing of semi major axis, which proved that the linear relationship between them. These factors have been calculated using K-S theory which summarized in calculating the coefficients resulted from analytical integral for differential equation
using coefficients called K-S. Kustaanheimo-Stiefel theorem is summarized in
estimation the coefficients resulted from the solution of the ordinary differential equation. The procedure is shown in two steps: firstly, the calculation of the initial conditions according to their relation with the distances and velocity of the satellite. Secondly, the analytical solution is achieved to finding these coefficients (α,β,λ,λ*).