JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

A spectrophotometric method for the assay of micro amount of 1- naphthylamine (1-NPA) has
been suggested .The method based on the reaction with nitrite ion to form the corresponding diazonium
salt followed by coupling reaction in a alkali medium of sodium hydroxide with 8- hydroxyquaniline
to form stable and a soluble orange azo dye. The intensity of absorbance for the resulting orange azo
dye is measured at 492.5 nm and. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2.5– 125 g of 1-
NPA in a final volume of 25 ml, with a molar absorptivity of 2.505 104 L.mol-1
.cm-1
, a relative error
of 0.16 to + 0.65 % and a relative standard deviation of  0.37 to 0.98 %, depending on the
concentration level of 1-NPA .The method has been successfully applied for the assay of 1-NPA in
river water

There is a growing need for the production of a certain types of asphaltic materials having a
good rheological properties compared with the non-modified a asphaltic materials can be using as a
paving materials.
In this research Rheological properties of Beije asphalt modified using oxidation process in the
present of Sulphur and chlorides of (iron and zink).
In this research we obtained asphaltic materials which can be used in paving and mastic
according to the measuring of the (ductility, penetration and softening point.

Preparation of two ligands acetonesemicarbazone (AScH) and 2,4-dioximepentane (DOXPH2)
using three ways {includes reflux method, heating using microwave rays technique and ultrasonic
technique}, and characterized using physical and spectral techniques. Followed by the preparation of
new Ni(II) complexes containing mixed of three ligands {including (AScH), (DOXPH2) and 2-ethoxyethanol (EtO2H). The complexes have been characterized using quantitative, physical and spectral
techniques. The electrical conductivity indicate that the complexes prepared in slightly neutral medium
(pH=6-7) are electrolytes (1:2), meanwhile the complexes prepared in alkaline medium are nonelectrolytes. All the ligands above acts as bidentate chelating ligands., and octahedral geometries of
the complexes are resulted.
The effect of laser have been studied on solid ligands and complexes, no effects have been
observed on all the compounds through the results of melting or decomposition point, conductivity
and electronic spectra, this means that all the compounds are stable and are not affected by this kind
of radiation. Also the biological activity of all the prepared compounds have been evaluated against
pathogenic bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species and E. coli), all the
compounds were found to have no antibacterial activity .

The aim of this paper, the synthesis of new series of substituted 1,3,4-thaidiazole and 1,2,4-
triazol from reaction of the carboxylic acid (2-naphthoic acid,4-methyl benzoic acid) with absolute
ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid to give esters. the above synthesis ester were
converted to acid hydrazide by their reaction with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol, which then reacted
with ammonium thiocyanate and hydrochloric acid in ethanol or with phenylisothiocyanate in absolute
ethanol to give substituted thiosemicarbazides compounds. the substituted thiosemicarbazides then
uses to synthesis of many hyterocyclic compounds like substituted 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole
by its reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide respectively. the substituted
thiosemicarbazides then cyclization to substituted 3,4-diamine-1,2,4-triazole when treated with
hydrazine hydrate. And finally the N- acetyl-N-substituted hydrazide compounds synthesis by treated
hydrazide with acetyl chloride in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran which then cyclized to 2-methyl
substituted-1,2,4-thiadiazole by their reaction with diphosphorus pentoxide in xylene. The structure of
the synthesized compounds were confirmed By physcical & spectroscopic techniques infrared (IR)
and (1H-NMR) data.

This research paper tackles a developed method for Aspirin and Pyridoxine drugs determination in their pure
forms and pharmaceutical formulations. It is based on the formation of nucleophilic substitution reaction between given
drugs and 9-Chloroacridine forming a reddish orange colours. The products show maximum absorption at 532 nm and
534 nm for Aspirin and Pyridoxine respectively. The method was adhering to the Beer's law over concentration range
0.2-18 and 0.4-24 µg/ml with molar absorptivity values 1.1×104
and 7×103
l. mol-1
. cm-1 and average recovery 99.87%
and 100.00 % for the given drugs respectively. No observed interferences appeared from the excipients commonly
existed in pharmaceuticals. Successfully, application for both Aspirin and Pyridoxine was conducted in their
pharmaceutical formulations. The continuous variations and the slope ratio of the products between Aspirin and
pyridoxine hydrochloride were followed with 9-chloroacridine. The ratio of 1: 1 was obtained between the above two
drugs and the reagent The stability constant of the products was 6.38 x 104
and 9.25 × 104
l / mol for both Aspirin and
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride products respectively indicating the good stability of these products.

Root Rot disease is one of important disease which caused great damage for Pinus brutia and
was very clear the field Survey of Mosul nurseries,3 nurseris in AL-Faisalih location, 3 nurseris in
Muthanna, 1 nurseris in AL-Mohandiseen location and Nineveh Horticulture station, this was through
October and December of 2017 and February , April , June and August of 2018.fungi were recorded
like Fusarium solani Mart Insulalation ratia 27.80% ,Macrophomina phaseolina Tassi Goid
Insulalation ratia 18.76% and Rhzoctonia solani Khun Insulalation ratia 16.48% which Isolated from
Pinus brutia Seedling .Pathogenicity tests Results showed Fusarium poae was had high pathogenicity
87.5% Pinus brutia seedling and the fungus was very effective at growth characteristics.
The study of Eucalyptus camaldulnsis leaves Extracts effect at the growth of Isolated fungi growth
inhibition and for all studying concentration as a compartment with aqueous extracted especially leaves
Alcoholic extracts Rhizoctonia solani was morally effect by aqueous leaves extracted.

Five varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Tamuz-3 Adnaniya, Abu-Greebe-3, IPA99 and Sham-6 and their half diallel crosses were used to study general and specific combining ability
for plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of spikes per plant, spike length , number of grains
per spike, 100 grains weight and grain yield per plant. The result of the analysis of variance showed
that the mean square of genotypes, (GCA) and (SCA) were highly significant for all studied characters.
The ratio between the component variance of (GCA) and the component of variance (SCA) was less
than one for all studied characters except for plant height which was more than one this indicate the
importance of additive and dominance gene effects for all characters, but the dominance gene effects
is more important for determining these characters. The largest and positive value for (GCA) effect
was in the following parental varieties : Abu- Ghreeb-3 for plant height and number of grains per spike,
IPA-99 for number of tillers and number of spikes per plant, Adnaniya for spike length and 100 grains
weight and grain yield per plant. The (SCA) effects value in some hyprids was positive with desirable
direction, but other hyprids showed negative with undesirable direction for all studied characters
therefor heterosis can be utilized for improve these characters. The hyprids (1x3), (1x4),
(2x3),(2x4),(2x5),(4x5) revealed desirable and high significant heterosis for all studied characters. The
broad sense heritability were high for all studied, however the narrowsense heritability were high for
plant height and medium to remained characters. There were over dominance for all characters except
partial dominance for plant height.

Study the inhibitory effect of aqueous and alcoholic extract of four medical plants: Mentha
longifolia, Mentha spicata, Cyperus rotundus and Nigella sativa (black cumin) against some human
pathogenic fungi isolated from different clinical cases, showed that (4) from 14 cases gave positive
effect on Aspergillus fumigatus bythe frequency 16.67%
Studying the inhibitory effect of aqueous extract against the isolated fungi, showed that aqueous
extract of black sead at conc. 30 mg/ml was the best one, which inhibited the growth of A. fumigatus
by 87.5%.
Alcoholic extracts of black cumin (10 mg/ml), spearmint (15 mg/ml)and horsemint (30 mg/ml)
were more effective against A. fumigatus, and inhibited the growth of A.fumigatus completely. Testing
some chemical antifungals against the isolated fungus showed that ketoconazole at concentration (3.5
, 3.0 , 2.5 mg/ml) inhibited the growth by the ratio of 100%, 93.0% and 90. 0 % respectively.

The study included detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in the cervix of symptomatic and a
symptomatic woman.
A total of (60) woman aged between (16-<45) years were diagnosed by the consultant of the
general hospital in Mosul city during the period May until the end of December 2013.
Three endocervical swabs were collected from each woman. One of the three swabs was stained
with Giemsa stain for direct examination by light microscope, and the other swabs was put in 0.2M
sucrose phosphates transport media then inoculated in yolk Sac of embryonated chicken eggs, and the
last endocervical swabs was used for detection of chlamydia by using rapid immunochromatographic
card test . From each woman participated in this study 5 ml of venous blood was collected to detect
the immunoglobulin (IgG) by ELISA and indirect microimmuno flourescence test.
The result showed that C.trachomatis was presented in percentage (35%) by Indirect
microimmunoflourescence test (30%) by ELISA (25%) by culturing (21.6) by Giemsa stain, , (5%) by
rapid test in symptomatic and asymptomatic women.
This result showd that Indirect MicroimmunoaFlourecence is more specific to detect Chlamydia
than other test while the rapid test was of no value in detection of chlamydia in endocervical swabs
Also the result showed that the percentage of Chlamydia in a asymptomatic woman such as
infertility and abortion had high percentage than symptomatic woman such as vaginal discharge,
abdominal pain' and ectopic pregnancy . Also the result showed that the isolation rate in age group
(21-30) years was the more dominate than other age group.

This paper discusses the results of a study carried out from the period of December 2017 to April
2018, on assessing water quality of Al-Khazer river between Mosul and Erbil City. Al-Khazer river is
considered as one of the tributaries of Al-Zab river that flow into the Tigris river. Three locations were
chosen in order to evaluate its suitability, as resources of raw water, for human, industrial and
agricultural uses. The spectral methods have been used to assign some of the physiochemical
parameters, which include Water temperature, Turbidity, Electrical conductivity, pH, Dissolved
oxygen, Total hardness, Chloride, Sulfate, Nitrate and Orthophosphate. Results showed that all values
were within permissible limits and the water of Al-Khazer river were hardened water and suitable for
drinking, irrigation, swimming as well as different uses for agriculture and industry.

The study was designed to investigate estrogen effect on testis, accessory sex glands and sex
hormones in male rats from weaning age at 21 days by using aromatase inhibitor letrozole ( 1 mg ̷kg
b. w. ) orally till 90 days of age and investigate Phytoestrogens effect ( sage extract Salvia Officinalis
) (1000 mg ̷kg b.w.) orally and flaxseed (25 gm ̷100 gm diet ) with diet till 90 days of age . Study
groups include : Group one control. Group two treated with letrozole and caused a significant decrease
in body and testis weights, sperm number (zero sperms), serum estrogen hormone and luteinizing
hormone concentration, and significant increase in serum follicule stimulating hormone concentration.
Group three treated with flaxseed and caused significant decrease in body and prostate weight, live
sperm percentage, sperms number and significant increase in the dead sperm percentage and serum
lutinizing hormone concentration. Group four treated with sage extract and caused significant decrease
in the body and prostate weight, sperms number. Group five Treated with letrozole and flaxseed caused
significant decrease in seminal vesicle weight, serum testosterone and follicular stimulating hormone
concentration and significant increase in the sperms number, live sperm percentage. Sixth group
treated with letrozole and sage extract and caused significant increase in sperms number and life sperm
percentage, serum estrogen hormone concentration and significant decrease in serum testosterone
hormone concentration. It was concluded that inhibition and reduction of estrogen hormone
concentration in male rats by treatment with aromatase inhibitor letrozole produced negative effects
by decreasing the body and testes weight, live sperm percentage, sperms count, concentration of
estrogen hormone while administration of flaxseed and sage extract produced positive effects in
reproductive efficiency through the increase in the percentage of live sperm, estrogen and luteinizing
hormone concentrations and spermatogenesis in adult rats.
We concluded from the study the important role of estrogen hormone in reproductive function
of male rats which cleared by the negative effects that resulted from lowering estrogen hormone level
by using aromatase inhibitor letrozole and the administration of flaxseed and sage extract improved
some effects produced by estrogen hormone deficiency.

The current study of head lice Pediculus humanus capiti, was conducted in 11 primary schools for
girls in different social and economic areas of the city of Mosul on its right and left sides for the period
from 15 October 2018 to 15 February 2019. The present study showed that the total incidence of head
lice in the 5 schools covered by the right city was 27.44% while the total injury rate in the 6 schools
covered by the left city side was 11.13%, the highest percentage of girls with long hair was recorded
in the first Zubaidah school on the left side and reached 75% , and Al- Bashair school in the right side
where it reached 83.33%, while the highest percentage of girls with short hair in the school of Genin
in the left side at 75% and on the right side Al-Sajideen and Al-Shaheed Salem schools as the
proportion with short hair in which 33.5 and 33.33% respectively. As for the educational level of
mothers of infected girls, the highest rate of infection for mothers of non-educated mothers in the
school of Al-Jahafil on the left side of the city, reaching 100%, while the school Al-Bashair recorded
96% on the right side of the city. In addition, the percentage of casualties according to the number of
family members was the highest rate of injury to families with fewer than 5 members of the school in
Al-Foratain school on the left side of the city with 65%, while the highest rate of infection was recorded
for families with more than 5 members in Al-Khalidya school, at 85.07%. As for the schools on the
right side of the city, the highest percentage of families with fewer than 5 members in AL-Bashair
school was 28%, while the highest percentage was recorded for families with more than 5 members in
Al-Sajideen school has reached the percentage of 83% .

The issue of security on the Internet is at the top of the interest for most users, especially those who
want to buy online and therefore find a large majority of users, especially new ones refrain from buying
online and are afraid to go into such an experiment to complete the image and know more safety in the
use of credit cards for some websites.
In order to increase confidence in online business transactions, we have proposed a safe
environment for commercial sites by installing a private server and then submitting on certificate
authority for digital certificates and obtaining Secure Socket Layer SSL technology, certificate it, and
adding it to the server as well as hosting sites to secure its data and renew the certificate at expiration.
This allows the business website owner to host that website on the secure server so the customer
information and data will be protected.

In this paper, it is obtained to approximate estimation for parameters of the two-tailed truncated
regression model by Lindely approach. The prior non- informative was used for the regression
parameters matrix when the variance matrix is known and the two truncated points are also
known. Under the quadratic loss function, the estimates approximations of the regression
parameters matrix around zero up to third order moments are obtained.

A sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrazepam in pure as well as
in dosage form is described. The method is based on the reaction of reduced nitrazepam (RNZ) with
p-bromanil in the presence of borate buffer solution of pH9 to form a pink color charge transfer(CT)
complex of maximum absorption at 340 nm. Under the optimized reaction conditions, Beer’s law
correlating the absorbance with nitrazepam concentration was obeyed in the range of 0.8-9.6 μg ml-1
.
The molar absorptivity was 1.977×104 L mol−1
cm−1
. The limits of detection was 0.093μg ml-1
. The
accuracy and precision of the method were satisfactory; the average recovery was 102% and values of
relative standard deviations better than 1.5 %. The stoichiometry of the reaction was studied, and the
reaction mechanism was postulated. The proposed CT complex formation method was successfully
applied to the determination of nitrazepam in its pharmaceutical tablet with good accuracy and
precision. The results obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by the
official method.

This study involved synthesize (1,3) oxazepine. The step 1 includes the preparation of
compound (1), (5-Bromo-2-mercapto-6-(4-methoxyphenyl) pyrimidin-4(3H)-one), by the
condensation of anisaldehyde and ethylbromoacetat and thiourea in EtOH. In the step2, chalcones (2-
6) have been produced. The reaction of compound (1) with chalcones (2-6) that gives azo Michael
adduct (7-11) is made in the third step. Schiff’s bases (12-16) were prepared by the reaction ketones
(7-11) with 2,4-dinitroaniline. Finally preparation of new benzo [1,3] oxazepine compounds (17-21)
are prepared by the reaction of phthalic anhydride with Schiff’s bases. The synthesized compounds are
identified by physical (melting points, colour change) and spectral methods such as (IR, proton-nmr).

Asphalt was modified by several methods including catalyzed treatment with a number of recycled
polymers aiming at changing their chemical composition in order to be suitable for producing activated
carbon, which is of great importance that is due to its uses in industry and in pollution control.
The best model in terms of asphaltene content was used in the preparation of activated carbon using
excess amount of potassium hydroxide after atmospheric and vacuum distillation; complementing
carbonization is then carried out. The selected activated carbon models were purified, and the
activation process is finally achieved by employing microwave technique.
The properties of the synthesized models were tested by determining the adsorption capacity of
iodine and methylene blue from aqueous media, the density, ash content and humidity. It is noticed
that the chemical structure of the starting material and the use of both thermal fusion carbonization and
the activation by microwave technique have great influences on the physical properties of synthesized
carbon.

All areas of business and governmental organizations are currently dependent on information
technology (IT) to meet business objectives of improving network service and maximizing limited
resources.
In this paper the main problems that’s represented by using the information network to transfer
information such as text, image and video files, conversations or direct video lectures, periods of use
that can cause bottlenecks and network downtime, in addition to the large number of users of the
network and the causes of these problems.
The main objective of this paper is to find out what methods or means to overcome the problems
that guide us in terms of optimal use of resources and components even if it is limited, and to determine
which technologies are best depending on the typically, quality, importance and confidentiality of the
information and the periods of arrival of the information to be transferred. The information is based
on the type of networks adopted if they are localized on a given building or the scope of a city or a
wide range to include a country or continent and so on.

Natural language means a language that is used for communication by human. Natural Language
Processing (NLP) helps machines to understand the natural language. The natural language for the web
pages consists of many semantic relations between entities. Discovering significant types of relations
from the web is challenging because of its open nature.
In this paper we survey several important types of semantic relations. This paper also covers the
relation extraction (RE) approaches which are divided into: supervised approach, which contains
Feature base and Kernel base, and the unsupervised approach. Three relation extraction algorithms are
discussed: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Genetic algorithm and Naive Bayes classifier
This survey would be useful for three kinds of readers First the Newcomers in the field who want
to quickly learn about relation extraction. Second the researchers who want to know how the various
relation extraction techniques developed over time. Third the trainers who just need to know which
RE technique works best in different settings

In this search, two methods were used to include the watermark in the video. The first method
was based on DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform), the second method was based on an algorithm SVD
(Singular Value Decomposition) for the purpose of converting video to frequency domain. The process
of embedding the watermark in both methods was done after the original video was divided into a set
of frames, and one frame was divided into a block of 8 x 8 and the DCT on each block when using the
first method and the SVD algorithm when using the second method. And then include the Bit Binary
for the watermark inside the center of the cluster. Random selection of video frames and rows of
watermark images has been adopted in both ways. The performance of the two methods was assessed
using the experimental tests PSNR, MSE and NC.The experimental results show that both methods
have achieved a good understanding and high resistance against various attacks, adopted Matlab 2013a
language.

In this search, two methods were used to include the watermark in the video. The first method
was based on DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform), the second method was based on an algorithm SVD
(Singular Value Decomposition) for the purpose of converting video to frequency domain. The process
of embedding the watermark in both methods was done after the original video was divided into a set
of frames, and one frame was divided into a block of 8 x 8 and the DCT on each block when using the
first method and the SVD algorithm when using the second method. And then include the Bit Binary
for the watermark inside the center of the cluster. Random selection of video frames and rows of
watermark images has been adopted in both ways. The performance of the two methods was assessed
using the experimental tests PSNR, MSE and NC.The experimental results show that both methods
have achieved a good understanding and high resistance against various attacks, adopted Matlab 2013a
language.

In this research, the important features of recognizing speakers' identity by extracting features of
speakers voices are used. Voice is considered one of the vital factors adopted algorithm on samples of
speakers' voices has been implemented by recording the voice, saving it on a file of the type wav. The
voice is treated by using Hamming function to reduce error ratio. Feature of the voice samples have
been extracted by taking the spectrum value of the sound signal of all the speakers. Two methods have
been used (Ecledian distance and correlation factor) for comparing core of the convolution of the
sample of speaker test (a training sample which is being recorded another time) and all the speakers
samples who have already been saved on the data base. Applying the algorithm on different voices,
ratio of error was very small while matching has increased by the increasing number of speaker. The
algorithm has been implemented using mathlab

In the present study, an isolate of the alga Scenedesmus sp. was obtained from local
environment in Mosul city. The effect of some nutrients (monohydrogen potassium
phosphate, sodium carbonate, ferrous chloride, calcium nitrate) on growth, biomass
production, chlorophyll content and protein content was studied. It was noticed that the best
concentration of monohydrogen potassium phosphate was (0.005%) which supported best
growth (0.975) as an optical density, biomass (2.6 g/L), chlorophyll and protein content were
(745 , 70 mg/L) respectively. The results also showed that when sodium carbonate was used
at concentration (0.02%), the growth rate reached (1.40) as optical density, weight of biomass
(1.0 g/L), but the highest value of chlorophyll content was (360 mg/L) when the
concentration of carbon was (0.01%). The protein content reached to (180 mg/L) when the
concentration of carbon was (0.03%). This study also revealed that Iron from ferric chloride
at concentration (0.006%) supported best growth (1.99) as optical density, while biomass (2.4
g/L), but the highest chlorophyll content was (164 mg/L) at the concentration of ferric
chloride (0.001%) and the best protein content was (154 mg/L) at (0.005%) of ferric chloride.
Nitrogen as calcium nitrate at (0.13%) supported best growth rate (0.960) as optical density,
value of biomass (1.5 g/L), chlorophyll content (911 mg/L), but the best protein content was
(154 mg/L) when the nitrogen concentration was (0.01%) from calcium nitrate. This study
also showed that final pH increased significantly from initial pH after fifteen dayes of
incubation for all experiments used in this study.

In this article, we try to proposed a new conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained
optimization problems, we focus on conjugate gradient methods applied to the non-linear
unconstrained optimization problems, the positive step size is obtained by a line search and the new
scalar to the new direction for the conjugate gradient method is derived from the quadratic function
and Taylor series and by using quasi newton condition and Newton direction while deriving the new
formulae. We also prove that the search direction of the new conjugate gradient method satisfies the
sufficient descent and all assumptions of the global convergence property are considered and proved
.in order to complete the benefit of our research we should take into account studied the numerical
results which are written in FORTRAN language when the objective function is compared our new
algorithm with HS and PRP methods on the similar set of unconstrained optimization test problems
which is very efficient and encouragement numerical results.