Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research

A study on the prevalence and monthly incidence of Cysticercus tenuicollis metacestodes of sheep were carried out in Duhok abattoir(north of Iraq) .The work was conducted during the period from October.2008- to September.2009 by weekly regular visits to the slaughterhouse. All slaughtered animals were apparently healthy, were of local breed, of both sexes originated from some areas with non –descriptive features. Visual inspection of the lesion and traditional procedure were followed.Age,sex and different locations of cysts were widely investigated in each species and then tabulated . Out of 4716 sheep examined, only 31(0.7%) of sheep had cysts, with absence of these cysts in both goats and cattle. However, the vesicles were only present in female sheep. The highest infection rate was found in sheep older than 2 years(1.7%),while the lowest was in sheep younger than one year(0.1%).The heaviest incidence was observed in Febrewery,2009(1.4%)and the lowest was in Jun and July(0.3%). The commonest locations of the cysts were in the mesentery (29%) followed by the uterus (16%) with few cases in other visceral organs.

In this study we examined the effect of various sensitizing doses of infective Toxocara canis eggs and the trapping of larvae in different tissues of the murine host. The level of trapping increased with sensitization egg doses. Different doses of Toxocara canis eggs were given to ten groups each with five mice and then necropsied after different periods. Experimental toxocariasis in mice sacrificed at (1,2 and 3) weeks post infection showed no lesions in mice given 50, 75 and 100 Toxocara canis eggs respectively. Other groups given higher doses of T.canis eggs between (125-500 eggs) showed lesions in liver, lungs, eyes and muscles of sacrificed mice after 4 weeks of infection.

This study was carried out to see the pattern of pneumonic disease in Basrah general hospital in the two groups of patients, inpatients out patients and to see the extent of tuberculosis presented as pneumonia, not as atypical case of clinical and X-ray findings in the apices of lungs.

This is prospective study for patients with typical history, signs investigation chest x-ray of pneumonia, lobar and bronchopneumonia from the period of (April 2006) to (October 2008) were included in this study, they are attending the out patient department or are admitted in the wards of the Basrah general hospital.

From a total of 374 cases of pneumonia, 26 cases of TB pneumonia diagnosed. There findings did not suggest TB to start. There age range from one to 72 years, the most common age group affected was 20-40 year for both sexes, while at age group 50-70 males affected more, bronchopneumonia was comment type of pneumonia in this group recorded in 13 patients, or bronchitis in 6 patients. ESR was less than 50 mm/hr in 12 patients so it is unreliable in 50% of cases.

This study show that pulmonary TB is increasing (5.36%), and it could present in pneumonia like picture not involving the typical sites (apices) even in those who are not diabetic or immune compromised.

The objective of this study is to elicit the destructive effect of lead on the tissues of liver and kidney of mice and if vitamin C is capable of repairing the damage caused by lead. In this study, 40 male mice were used and divided into three groups as: Control group which consists of 16 mice; 8 of them were injected intraperitoneally with (0.9 % N.S.) for 15 days daily then they were sacrificed and the remainder 8 mice were injected intraperitoneally with (0.9 % N.S.) for additional 15 days daily then they were sacrificed, First treated group (T1 group) which consists of 8 mice only; they were injected intraperitoneally with (80 mg/kg) lead acetates then with (400 mg/kg) vitamin C after one hour of lead acetates injection for 15 days daily then they were sacrificed, Second treated group(T2 group) which consists of 16 mice; they were injected intraperitoneally with (80 mg/kg) lead acetates for 15 days daily then 8 of them were sacrificed and called as (T2a) and the remainder 8 mice were injected with (400 mg/kg) vitamin C for additional 15 days daily and called as (T2b). Histologically, the kidneys of the lead acetates treated group indicated undefined epithelial cell lining and also the presence of giant-like cells. When vitamin C offered, it decreased the damage that caused by lead where the kidneys indicated the presence of cuboidal epithelial cells with disrupted epithelial cell lining, and increased intracellular space in the lumen.
The livers of the lead acetates treated group indicated the presence of abnormal hepatocytes with distorted shape and undefined epithelial cell lining enlarged nucleus with vacuolations. The incidence of changes and severity were less in the vitamin C treated group. The effect of vitamin C was similar if it is offered after one hour of lead injection or for additional 15 days after lead injection. Hence acute exposure to lead causes morphological changes in the liver and kidney of mice. Hence acute exposure of lead may be toxic and is associated with various pathological conditions such as hepatic and renal dysfunction and cancers.

This study was conducted to evaluate the histomorphological changes occurred during intestinal anastomosis performed by laparoscopic Vs conventional techniques in eighteen dogs, which were divided randomly into three groups. In group 1, intestinal anastomosis was performed extracorporeally by laparoscopic-assisted surgery, during which a loop of the small intestine was exteriorized through a mini-laparotomy opening and was surgically resected and anastomsed by simple interrupted sutures; in group 2, intestinal anastomosis was carried out by intracorporeal laparoscopic surgery; and in group 3, intestinal anastomosis was performed by conventional laparotomy. Intestinal biopsies were obtained from the site of anastomosis in all dogs at days 15 and 30 following the operation. Normal regeneration of the structural constituents of the intestine was observed 15 days following anastomosis in animals of the first and second groups compared to villous atrophy associated with delayed and partial regeneration of the intestinal mucosa that were manifested in animals of the third group. In addition, histopathological changes indicative of serosal adhesion were observed in two animals of the latter group. These results showed that intestinal anastomosis achieved by laparoscopic surgery revealed better and faster healing rates compared to intestinal anastomosis achieved by conventional laparoptomy

The study examined the effect of vitamin C on apoptotic testicular germ cells in experimentally induced cryporchidism in the male rabbits .Oral administration of vitamin C (10 mg. kg body weight)for 8 weeks to rabbits showed significant elevation in testis parameters in treated cryptorchid groups (TC), also significantly elevated the number of germ cells compared to un treated cryptorchid groups (CC).However, vitamin C caused significant depression in apoptotic germ cells and apoptotic tubules in treated cryptorchid groups (TC) compared to un treated cryptorchid groups (CC). vitamin C alleviated the deleterious effect of oxidative stress in cryporchidism

Total of 99 healthy genitalia of Awassi ewes were collected from AI-Shuala government and local abattoirs for biometrical measurements of ovaries,vis.;length and width of the right and left ovaries ,number of follicles( 0.1mm measured and more ) and their diameters and the area of the total follicles occupied ( no x diameter )-number of functional corpora lutea .The results revealed that the mean length of the right and left ovaries were 1.63 and 1.58cm respectively. The highest length was recorded at estrus phase , while the shortest was recorded at metaestrus phase , but no significant difference was obtaind . The mean width of the right and left ovaries were 0.90and 0,92 cm respectively , the shortest values were recorded at metaestrus ,and significant deference was only obtained in right ovary .The mean numbers of developed follicles of the right and left ovaries were 11.70and 10.95 respectively .While the lowest numbers were recorded at metaestrus phase. The mean diameters of the developing follicles of right and left ovaries were 0.74 and o.66 respectively. The highest numbers were diestrus phase .

To declare the wound healing activity of cumin seeds on excision wound models in female rabbits. The cumin seeds obtained from local market from the plant know as Cuminum cyminum were subjected to solvent acetone, the oil ointment were prepared and applied topically three times a day to excision wound for 14th days post operative and compared with control. The reduction of wound was studied as a percent macroscopically and the revitalization and formation new tissue was studied histopathologically on excision wound. Its concluded the treated wound showed a faster rate of wound reduction compared with control, this was further supported with his to pathological studies.

In the present study, Low density polyethylene with various contents of lignin films were investigated for their resistance to bacterial adhesion. The disc diffusion method was employed for this purpose. The results of bacterial growth on low-density polyethylene (LDPE )–lignin composite were reported. lignin was added by 1%,2%,3%,4%,5%,10% and 15% of polyethylene weight. We compared initial adhesion and surface growth of staphylococcus aureus , streptococcus pyogens, pseudomonus aerugenosa, eschrishia coli and klebciala spp. A 5 mm of test polymer composites were inoculated in the 9 cm Petri dish for 1-2 days and zone of inhibition and bacterial growing were observed and recorded. After 24 hours the bacterial growing of S. aureus , S. pyogens and E. coli were distributed all over the control agar with no growth on the polymeric composites films while Both P. aeruginosa and K. spp. have a dense growing. After 48 hours a slight adhesion of S. aureus on polyethylene-lignin discs was found with radius of growing was 3 mm .For P. aeruginosa we have more dense growing . It was found that the lignin contents have no clear inhibition against tested bacteria where this might be due to a limitation of the agar disc diffusion method. The vanishing of inhibition zone was combined with the absence of adherent bacteria on the polyethylene films. More concentration of natural lignin is required to get inhibition effect.

The blood parameters of Red Blood Cells for Barbus xanthopterus, Barbus sharpeyi and B. xanthopterus X B sharpeyi (hybrid )were mentionted. The dimentions of Red Blood Cells ( length and width) for the fish B.xanthopterus, B.sharpeyi and their hybrid were as follows: (6 and 4 microns; 5 and 3 microns; 6 and 4 microns). Hb content values for the above mentioned fish, were as follows: 5.18, 5.323 and 4 g /100 ml. PCV values for the above mentioned fish were as follows: 68.25% , 100% and 42.85714%. RBC numbers for the above fish were also mentioned as follows: 3450000, 3550000 and 3300000cell/1mm3.

This study included detection the onset time of ossification of vomer bone in indigenous sheep fetuses collected from uteri of indigenous ewes slaughtered in Mosul city, which prepared by using modify double staining method in younger age or maceration with potassium hydroxide (KOH) or with fly larvae in old ages. The first sign of vomer bone demonstrated as a small areas (3mm) in the (53) days old of indigenous sheep fetus as a two bilateral ossification centers which located below and above the vomeral body which formed by intramembranous ossification in the membrane covering the cartilaginous nasal capsule. The results revealed that the relative increase in the vomer bone during thirteen successive weeks [8th – 20th weeks]of indigenous sheep fetal age, that the greatest relative increase in vomer bone length was at the 8th week, while the greatest relative increase in vomer bone height was in the 11th week of indigenous sheep fetal age.