Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Alcoholic extract of Pimpinella anisum fruit have been prepared at different concentration (10, 25, 50, 100, 200) mg/ ml.
The extract of plant tested in vitro against (7) bacterial given by disc diffusion method Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia. The result have been shown that the effect of extract at concentration of 200 mg/ml gave most inhibition zone on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18) mm, and less than in case of Salmonella typhimurium (17) mm, Staphylococcus aureus (14) mm, Escherichia coli (13) mm, Klebsiella pneumonia (9) mm.
At concentration (100) mg/ml, the growth inhibition zone was (12) mm in case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus (10) mm, and Escherichia coli (10)mm. At concentration 50 mg/ml inhibition zone was 9 mm for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli 10 mm, while for concentration of 25 and 10 mg/ml the inhibition zone was (8), (10) mm for Staphylococcus aureus growth respectively.

The study was carried out on (130) indigenous sheep fetuses with an estimated age ranged between (43 -147) days old (6 – 53 cm. crown– rump length), the total body weight of these fetuses ranged between (4.26– 3437 grams), while the weight of their heads ranged between (1.33 – 399.87 grams) for both sexes. The results revealed the followings:
1. High significant variance in the ratio between head weight and the total body weight of the 8th and 10th weeks of fetal age in both sexes.
2. Significant variance in the ratio between head weight and the total body weight in males higher than that in females of 10th and 13th weeks of fetal age, this variance decrease in both 8th, 19th weeks of fetal age,but it seems higher in females than in males in the 18th, 20th weeks of fetal age.
3. High significant correlation (p < 0.001) between the head weight and total body weight. The correlation coefficient were 0.938 in males and 0.984 in females.
4. The regression equation of the total body weight was (6.215 × head weight)– 52.22 for males.
5. The regression equation of the total body weight was (6.475 × head weight)-100.898 for females.

The object of this study was to isolate some of zoonotic bacteria from different organs of native wild birds included 21 individuals of House Sparrow, 15 individuals of White-Cheeked Bulbul, 20 individuals of Collared Dove and 20 individuals of Rock Dove. Samples of liver, kidney, blood and content of middle intestine of individual birds in Kirkuk city. Results revealed that many of zoonotic bacteria included Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., Shigella Spp., Brucella abortus and Campylobacter Spp. were isolated from all studied birds, House Sparrow had the highest isolation percentage of these bacteria and the content of middle intestine had the highest isolation percentage among other studied organs, Salmonella spp. was the highest isolation percentage among zoonotic bacterial isolates, that indicates an important and hidden role of native wild birds in causing and spreading of zoonotic diseases.

10 Awassy male cross breed lambs aged 4-6 months and their weights ranged between 16-26 Kg, were divided into two groups 5 lambs each. The first group was treated with 1.2 mg/KgBW of Sodium selenite solution (10g/L solution) orally daily for 8 weeks (1) to study the clinical symptoms of Selenium toxicity.
The second group was left as control. All lambs were inspected and watched daily for 4-6 hr. , two weeks pre- and eight weeks during dosing. Clinical signs, pulse rate, respiratory rate, heart rate and rectal temperature , were recorded, as well as body weights every two weeks. Wool samples were collected monthly from an area of nine cm² on the left mid-side at the level of the last rib of each lamb, and delineated with a hair- pin caliper, and wool within this area was removed to establish wool physical traits of lambs in both groups.
Lambs of the treated group showed clinical signs started after two weeks of administration of Sodium selenite include: decrease in weight gain to reach a mean of 18 Kg on the eighth week, accompanied by increased pulse rate 91/min, and tachycardia, and increased respiratory rate 40/min ,while means of temperature remain within normal 38.9-40C°. On the other hand, the control group showed means of body weight 31Kg, pulse rate 76/min, respiratory rate 28/min, which were significantly differ (P< 0.05) from the treated group, and the mean temperature was 39.6 C°.
The coat of lambs in the treated group gradually became poor and rough, the wool was easily detached, and in advanced cases loss of coat (Pictures 1 and 2), as well as the physical traits of the wool changed significantly (P< 0.05) as the means of fiber diameter, fiber length and number of crispation (crispate) were 30.4µm, (4.6) cm and 2 crispate respectively after eight weeks, however, these traits in the control group were 48.6µm, 8.6cm and 9 crispate (Table 1). These results were in agreement with (2,3,4,5,6). These results were due to the ability of selenium to replace sulphur in the amino acids, so selenium has a high affinity to wool and epithelial structures.
Abnormal growth of the hooves (Pic. 3) and deformities were prominent in the toxicated group which led to increasing lameness due to erosion of the articular surfaces of long bones and in severe cases rings appear on the hoof below the coronary band (Pic. 4), so cracking appear (3,4,7). Eight weeks of Selenium selenite dosage to Awassy male lambs were enough to show clinical signs of sub-acute form of selenium toxicity.

In this study a new appositional end-to-end intestinal anastomosis with interrupted intraluminal knotting Vs extraluminal was investigated experimentally on eight dogs that were divided randomly into two groups (A & B), including four for each.
In group (A) anastomosis was performed by end-to-end appositional by simple interrupted stitches, with their knots tied intraluminally. While, in group (B) anastomosis was performed by the same appositional method, but the stitches were tied extraluminally, by poly glycolic acid 0-3 suture material for both groups.
The results showed that the anastomotic procedure in group (A) as compared with group (B) was associated with minimal degrees of stenosis & minimal intra-abdominal adhesions macroscopically, and with higher rates of healing process microscopically.
In conclusion, this new intestinal appositional end-to-end anastomosis by simple interrupted sutures with the knots tied intraluminally, provided minimal degrees of stenosis & adhesions and higher rates of healing process.

Forty seven dogs sacrificed, necropsied and their organs were examined for the presence of parasites The nematodes found were: Toxocara canis in 11dogs (23.4%), Toxascaris leonina in 2 dogs (4.25%) and Ancylostoma caninum in 6 dogs (12.76%). The cestodes includes: Dipylidium caninum in 19 dogs (40.42%), Taenia spp. in 21 dogs (44.68%), and Echinococcus granulosus in 7 dogs (14.89%). Dicrocoelium dendriticum a unique Trematod was found in the intestinal contents of one of these dogs (2.12%). Babesia canis was the only blood protozoa detected in 7 dogs (14.89%). However, Sarcocystic spp. oocysts were found in 4 dogs (8.51%). The ectoparasites recovered were: Rhipicephalus sanguineus (tick) in 13 dogs (27.65%), Trichodectus canis (louse) in 7 doges (14.89%) and 1 species of fleas Ctenocephalides canis in 6 dogs (12.76%). The public health importance of these parasites was discussed

The study was conducted on 84 layer hens (golden brown bovans) at age of 34 weeks old, suffered from inactive ovaries, and they were brought from Kanakawa project farms. The research was done from 16 February 2010 to 16 March 2010 at the University of Sulaimani\ College of Agriculture.
In this research injection of cystorelin hormone which contain 50 µg of GnRH in each ml. Postmortem examination of 4 chickens randomly chosen were done before treatment and samples from the ovaries were taken for gross and histopathological examination. A dose of 0.02ml (1 µg) of hormone was used to treat the condition of inactive ovaries, chickens in the experiment were divided as following; 1- Control group (n= 21) injected by 0.02 ml of distal water, 2- First treatment group (T1) (n=21) injected by 1 µg (0.02ml) of hormone in 4 days intervals, 3- Second treatment group (T2) (n= 21) injected by 1 µg (0.02ml) of hormone in 7 days intervals, 4- Third treatment group (T3) (n= 21) injected by 1 µg of hormone (0.02ml) in 10 days intervals. Different positive responses had been shown in treated groups. The results showed that the second group (T2) had a higher positive response (20.38±1.45) eggs/week and recorded higher significant differences at P<0.05, while first group (T1) showed response (11.44 ±1.45) eggs/week. Poor response was observed in the third group (T3) (8.12±1.45) eggs/week. It was concluded from this study that treatment of inactive ovaries in layer hens by injection of (10 µg Cystorelin) in seven days intervals gave the best result.

The study was conducted on 96 Holstein- Friesian cows presented in al-fayha station– Babylon, Iraq suffering from in active ovaries. The age of animals ranged from 4-8 years. The study was designed to show the effect of different methods for treatment of inactive ovaries in dairy cows. The animals were divided into four equal groups (no.=24). The first Group were treated with 3000 I.u. eCG i.m. The second Group were treated with 0.5 mg GnRH i.m.. The third Group were administered showed manual massage to ovaries and uterus once weekly per rectum for three times. The fourth group were artificially inseminated post treatment after signs of oestrus appeared on the animals. Responses to different treatment was 83.3%, 50%, 58.3% and 8.3% respectively. It was concluded from this study that treated with eCG and massage of ovaries was effective methods for treatment of inactive ovaries in dairy cows.

Testing of patients who are deemed to be at high risk for pathogens, e.g., pregnant women, their fetuses, and neonates, are important so that specific treatment can be initiated. This study included women of age 20- 35 (789) during 2008 and 2010, which tested for Toxoplasma gondii and cytomegalovirus seropositivity s. Among 789 women of childbearing age, 22.9%, 55% and 8.7% tested positive for T. gondii IgG and IgM, for the years 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively. Also 32.4%, 38.5, and 29.1% of patients were positive for cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the same periods receptivity. The decreasing prevalence of antibodies between 2008 and 2010 suggested that exposure to T. gondii and cytomegalovirus declined over this period in Iraq. Studies of newborn would be helpful to accurately estimate the incidence of congenital infection of toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus.

ELISA (Premier Rotaclone) was compared with latex agglutination test (LT) (Bio Kit) for detection of Rota virus in fecal samples from clinically suspected cases of viral gastroenteritis in children. Out of 40 samples 12(30%) were positive for Rota virus antigen by ELISA kit. While 30 samples (75%) samples were positive for Rota virus by latex agglutination test (LT). All controls were negative for viral antigen by ELISA and LT test. ELISA and Latex kits were found to be economically sensitive for screening and rapid diagnosis of rota virus diarrhea. In conclusion, our study showed that the latex agglutination is clearly a reliable and rapid method for detection rotavirus but Elisa is more sensitive than the latex agglutination.

Eighty two non-descriptive breed hens of 1-2 years old were examined and found that (64) (78.04%) hens were infected with various species of metazoan and protozoan parasites of the (8) helminthes species was recorded, Subulora suctoria (brompti) was the most common nematode, while Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Raillietina tetragona, R. echinobothrida, R. cesticillus, Hymenoleis carioca and Choanotaenia infundibulum were also frequently found. Eimeria oocysts were seen in the intestinal contents of (9) hens 10.97%.

The present study was carried out to observe histopathological changes in tumor mass of transplanted mammary adenocarcinoma tumor cells, spleen, liver and kidney of female albino mice successfully showed growth of tumor cells (group I) following subcutaneous transplantation with mammary gland adenocarcinoma cell line, comparison to the other group of female albino mice not exhibited any tumor growth post transplantation (group II). Group (III) of female albino mice were injected subcutaneously with phosphate buffer saline and served as normal healthy control group.
The cell line which had been used in the study was mice mammary gland adenocarcinoma (Ahmad-Majed 2003) adapted for in vivo transplantation supplied from Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetic Researches (ICCMGR).Thirty female albino mice were used in this study. Twenty female albino mice transplanted subcutaneously with mammary gland adenocarcinoma cell line. Six female albino mice showed successful growth of transplanted tumor cells as a tumor mass after 10 days post transplantation, tumor mass showed increase in their size at the end of experiment(40days) post transplantation and considered as a (group I). while fourteen female albino mice not exhibited any growth of tumor cells after 10 days post transplantation until the end of experiment (40days) post transplantation and considered as (group II).while10 female albino mice were injected subcutaneously with phosphate buffer saline and served as normal healthy control group (group III ) .
At the end of the experiment (40) days post transplanted, animals of all groups were scarified and tissue of growth tumor mass in group I, spleen, liver and kidney of all groups were taken for histopathological examination.
Histopathological results of tumor mass of group (I), revealed extensive tumor masses consisted of aciner like structure, trabecular and island of tumor cells, the tumor cells are hyperchromatic, pleomorphic, increase the nuclear–cytoplasmic ratio with highly blood supply, the tumor masses also showed extensive area of coagulation necrosis. Also histopathological sections showed depletion of white pulp region of spleen, vacuolar degeneration in hepatocytes and atrophy of glomarular tuft with vacuolar degeneration of renal tubules. While histopathological sections of group (II) showed extensive hyperplasia of white pulp in the periarterial sheath (T and B cell region) of spleen, mononuclear inflammatory cells infiltration (lymphocyte and macrophage) showed around central vein, portal area of liver. In addition, the kidney revealed infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells in interstitial tissue and around B.V. Microscopic examination of (group III) showed no histopathological changes in spleen, liver and kidney compared with (group I) and (group II).

Two groups of hydatid cysts were collected, the first one contained 206 cattle specimens while the second one contained 150 sheep specimens. Nine (7 female and 2 males) from cattle and 5 (4 female and 1 male) of sheep found to be infected. The specimens were collected from different ages, sexes and weight. The most infected organ was the liver followed by (liver and lung) and pancreas. In addition to studied the effect of some factors on the volume and fertility of these cysts. The cyst infertility in cattle male was more than female, while in sheep all cases showed infertility of cysts.