Journal of sustainable studies

The topic of sustainable development is considered one of the most important and strategic topics at present, especially the topic of sustainable development of water resources in Iraq. It is impossible to achieve food security without achieving Iraqi water security. Therefore, the research includes the sustainable development of water resources, the dimensions achieved as a result, the effective methods to increase water resources, and then the state's measures to increase water supplies, leading to results and recommendations.

In this research, use the time series models to Create Box-Jenkins Model Gross domestic product (GDP) at current price in KSA Electricity, Gas and Water.
The results showed that the model is the appropriate model for the series of Arima Model Gross domestic product (GDP) at current price in KSA Electricity, Gas and Water
is :ARIMA (4,0,0)
According to the estimation results of this model, we observe the compatibility between observed and estimated values as these values are consistent with those in the original time series, indicating the strength of the model and predictability.
We see the agreement between the real and estimated values in light of the model's estimation findings, which highlights its predictive strength.
The model is regarded as the best among all the selected models since it outperformed all the requirements for time series, had a high level of predictive ability, and has predicted values that are comparable to and close to the original values.
For the descriptive statistics of the model, R-squared represents the coefficient of good fit if the value is greater = 0.93 more than 0.05 this mean the model represent data exactly (good model) .
This table provides an estimate of the coefficients of the model, from the model we note that the level of significance Sig= 0.00. Less than 0.05, which indicates that the coefficients are statistically significant, also effective and predictable .

third Karkh) for the year 2022-2023. The research sample consisted of (24) female teachers from Riyadh affiliated to the Third Karkh Directorate. (consisting of (32) items, and the validity of the tool for the scale has been confirmed by using the split-half method to calculate the value of the Pearson correlation coefficient. And the suspense of children on curiosity, and in light of this, the researcher put a number of recommendations and also suggested conducting subsequent studies to complement the research

The research aimed to identify the role of some human resources practices (human resource planning, recruitment and recruitment, training and development and performance evaluation) in achieving sustainable excellence (leadership excellence, service excellence) in renewable energy companies in the Benban region of Aswan Governorate, by answering a question The following main question: "What is the role of some human resources management practices (planning - recruitment and appointment - training and development - performance evaluation) in achieving sustainable excellence (leadership excellence - service excellence) in the field of renewable energy?" The researcher used the analytical descriptive approach for its suitability to the subject The research, as for the research community, it consisted of all workers in renewable energy companies in the Benban region, Aswan Governorate. Human resources - sustainable excellence), and by analyzing the responses of the research sample individuals, the results of the research concluded that human resource planning, recruitment, training and development, performance evaluation and appointment have a positive role in achieving leadership excellence and sustainable excellence. In light of the results of the research, the researcher reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that the leaders establish a culture of excellence throughout the company and spread the values of quality in performance. Based on the above, the researcher made a set of recommendations, the most important of which is that the researcher recommends conducting more research to take into account the aspects and variables that were not covered in this research.

create and be endowed with because of its effective impact in building societies and reviving creatures. Islam is the religion of mercy; It is an attribute that characterized our Lord - glory and majesty - and our noble Messenger, and God described him (the Compassionate, the Merciful). There is nothing that the members of the Islamic community need at the present time more than this great characteristic to benefit from in their practical and scientific lives. With the emphasis that Islam, which God has accepted for people, is a religion of mercy and peace, not a religion of terrorism and bloodshed. Many hadiths came from the Holy Prophet, showing this characteristic, its status, and the status of its owner.And that description mentioned in these hadiths was not only towards people towards each other, but rather it transcends to other creatures.
 

The aim of the research is to identify the role of self and professional development of history teachers and its role in improving teaching performance, and to identify the individual differences between the answers of the research sample according to the research variables (gender - years of service - educational qualification), and the researcher adopted the analytical descriptive approach and the research sample included (180) teachers and schools History subject in secondary schools - Rusafa First / North Baghdad Department, and the questionnaire tool consisting of (20) items was built, and the research reached the following results: - There are statistically significant differences between the averages of the responses to the research questionnaire due to the gender variable, and there are significant differences Statistical between the averages of the responses to the research questionnaire attributed to the variable years of service, and there are statistically significant differences attributed to the academic qualification, and the research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are: reconsidering the self- and professional development programs for history teachers as well as continuing the development programs according to modern strategies commensurate with the requirements and needs The most important recommendations of the research were: providing an appropriate educational environment in which teachers can develop their skills and teaching competencies

The purpose of the research is to identify the work pressures of the educational supervisors and the specialists in the Directorate of Education of the third Rusafa, the researcher used the descriptive approach in the research in accordance with the nature and problem addressed, the research community of educational supervisors and specialists in the Directorate of Education Rusafa III, , A random sample of 60 supervisors was withdrawn from the educational supervisors. The researcher adopted the Askar scale in 1988 to measure the work pressure. After realizing the characteristics of the scale, the researcher used the appropriate statistical means to achieve the research objectives. The education sector suffers from the pressure of work significantly, as the results showed that supervisors specialist suffer from the pressures of work more than educational supervisors.

This study aimed at identifying the sustainable green education strategies and investigating the limits of their application in the academic and administrative departments of the College of Education, Ibn Rushd - University of Baghdad, with reference to the statistical differences in the level of application in terms of gender, years of service, and scientific titles. A five-field questionnaire of (58) items was prepared for data collection and the descriptive method of analysis was used. The results show that all the sustainable green education strategies receive low levels of application as reported by the sample individuals. Besides, there are no differences of statistical significance in their responses that can be due to gender, years of service, or academic title.

The study aims to diagnose the size of climate change and its relationship to internal and external population movements in Iraq during the period (1980-2022), and try to identify the effects of climate elements and population movement inside and outside Iraq and their varying temporal and spatial impact between the governorates, as well as identifying the natural causes and motives behind them, And its implications, both internally and externally.1
The data issued by the Ministry of Planning, the Central Statistical Organization and the Iraqi Ministry of Migration and Displacement have been relied upon using a number of statistical methods that are considered one of the basic components of geographical work, including the simple Pearson correlation coefficient in finding simple correlation and regression, as well as employing many criteria and indicators Other sports agreed upon by the public of researchers and specialists in the field of population studies.2
Here we can point out that the climatic effects (temperature, rain, humidity), in addition to the invested land area, were the main reason for migration from the outskirts to the center, and migration from the center out of Iraq.
These time periods (1980-2022) were chosen to find the changing difference in the environment and link it to internal and external migration factors, and to identify important natural features that were the reason for creating an imbalance in the natural and human environment of the study area (Iraq).

The public office is a responsibility and a trust to serve the citizen. The society is governed and directed by religious, patriotic and national values, and it is keen to establish standards, rules and ethical principles that govern the ethics of the public office. The public servant is the means of the state in executing its tasks and performing its duties. F The public servant has a number of rights and in return imposes a set of functional obligations, some of these obligations are positive, and some are negative, and we have chosen for this research one of the most important negative obligations of the public employee, which is not to disclose the secrets of the public office, and that disclosing the secret represents a betrayal of this trust And in violation of the obligation imposed on him under the law, and he must be committed not to disclose the secrets of the public office to the public employee, whatever the legal tool by which he assumes his job, if he is on permanent staffing, or by an employment contract, or based on an assignment, and the consequences of disclosure in terms of penal, civil or employment penalties.

The study aimed to explain the concept of sustainable education in the Holy Quran and its characteristics and principles in the Holy Quran. The researchers concluded that the principle of sustainable education is an original principle whose roots are derived from the Holy Quran. Sustainable education is characterized by honesty and has a meaningful and effective vision in human life. Because it is based on the Holy Qur’an, and sustainable education in the Holy Qur’an includes a set of principles, the most important of which are: man is God’s heir on earth, and building the earth is man’s work on it, goodness. Actions and steadfastness in them are a reason for the victory of Paradise and harnessing the heavens and the earth and what is in it for the benefit of man in achieving a good life.

This research dealt with the factor, its origin, and its concept among the ancients, and how they dealt with this origin and the types of the factor in terms of being verbal factors and moral factors, and the effect of these factors on syntax and linkage. The statement of the relationship between factors and their impact on the grammatical reason, and the approaches of the Basri and Kufic schools in the use of this principle.

The current research aimed to identify
1- Positive thinking of counselors.
2- Significance of differences in positive thinking among counselors according to the gender variable (male - female).
The current research was limited to counselors of both sexes (male and female) in the third Rusafa Education Directorate for the year (2022_2023) and to achieve the goals of the current research, the researcher adopted the positive thinking scale (Abu Tair) (2020). Where the scale consisted of (32) items in its final form It was applied to a random sample of (200) male and female counselors, and after applying the research tool and using the statistical bag (SPSS) in light of the goals that were set, the results reached
1- The current research sample of male and female counselors has a high level of positive thinking
2- There are statistically significant differences in the level of thinking among the sample, and the result was in favor of males.

The present study investigates Culpeper’s (1996, 2005) impoliteness strategies in English. It aims at describing the types of impoliteness strategies used in literature. In view of that, it is based on one of Alice Munro’s short stories, namely “Face”. The unnamed narrator of this story is born with a birthmark covering almost the entirety of one side of his face. There are four strategies found in the selected story: bald on record impoliteness, positive impoliteness, negative impoliteness, and off record impoliteness. Bald on record and negative impoliteness are the most frequent types, whereas, sarcasm/mock politeness do not exist in the story. The findings show that impoliteness is used very much in literature, particularly short stories.

There is no doubt that the Holy Qur’an is the holy book for Muslims, as God Almighty revealed it to His Prophet Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, and the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, taught it to the Companions, so they learned it - may God be pleased with them - from the hearts, and among them it was written in the lines, and they learned its rulings and what is intended from them, and the Prophet was He prayed, so preserve him for the sake of God, upon him be peace, he is present among them, they refer to him in their disagreement and what they forgot or ignored, and after the death of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, the Muslims began in a second phase and a new era, so some Muslims apostatized and the sedition of apostasy took place, and the Companions differed about fighting them until they settled on the opinion of the Caliph Abu Bakr May God be pleased with him, who was decisive in fighting, so the army of the armies and the march of the companies to the war of the apostates, and it happened in these battles that many of the companions were martyred, and among the most famous of those battles was the battle of Yamama, which was known in the biographies as the Battle of Yamama or the Battle of Yamama, and this incident had a great impact on the collection of the Noble Qur’an in A Mushaf, in which many memorizers of the Qur’an were martyred, so Umar ibn al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, advised the Caliph Abu Bakr, may God be pleased with him, to collect the Qur’an in a Mushaf for fear that some of it would be lost with the death or martyrdom of God, may God be pleased with the memorizers. In religion, but Umar ibn al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, kept reviewing him in the matter until God expanded his chest for this work, so the caliph, may God be pleased with him, assigned the writer of revelation to the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, the great companion Zaid ibn Thabit al-Ansari, may God be pleased with him, and told him the matter and asked him to follow the Qur’an and collect it. May God be pleased with him, but Abi Bakr, may God be pleased with him, reviewed it more than once, so God opened his heart to this work, so he followed the Noble Qur’an and collected it from the chests of men and from parchments and other materials on which verses from the Qur’an were written. May God grant him to the caliph Abi Bakr, and the Qur’an remained with the caliph Abi Bakr, may God be pleased with him, until his death, and after Umar ibn al-Khattab pledged allegiance to him as caliph, the Qur’an was handed over to him and remained in his possession until he was martyred, may God be pleased with him. And in the caliphate of Othman bin Affan, may God be pleased with him, and with the expansion of the Islamic conquests of the regions and the entry of many people into Islam, they differed in the readings, and this difference was witnessed by the great companion and the owner of the secret of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, Hudhaifa bin Al-Yaman, and he was in the Levant, then he returned to Kufa, and he found a difference in their reading as well. He said to Caliph Othman God be pleased with him, may God be pleased with him: The people realized, and narrated to him what he witnessed of their differences in the readings, so Othman, may God be pleased with him, gathered the companions, and consulted them in the matter, so they agreed with him, and they approved the matter of the gathering, so he commissioned) may God be pleased with him a committee for the collection, and they were among the companions who memorized the Qur’an and were the most skilled in reading, and understood them And he informed them of its rulings, then he sent to the Mother of the Believers Hafsa, may God be pleased with her, asking for the Qur’an to copy from it and review it, and Caliph Othman, may God be pleased with him, himself supervised this collection, and many companions, may God be pleased with them, participated in this blessed work, and after the completion of the collection and unification of the Qur’an in one copy. Other copies were copied on it and sent to the Islamic countries, and the caliph, may God be pleased with him, ordered the burning of the other copies of the Qur’an, and with this work, God enabled His faithful servants to preserve his book from loss or distortion, and God also protected Muslims from sedition and division, so people became straight, souls settled and calmed down, and their roots were cut off. discord, this All thanks to God for this nation

The legal evidence is the basis for deriving legal rulings. These evidences confronted new concepts among researchers who are known as modernists, and who believe in the necessity of a new reading of the religious text, especially with the Holy Qur’an. Therefore, the research tends to answer the problems raised in the following way: What are those premises and theories that influenced the reading of the legal text? Is it possible to discuss it according to scientific visions? Who are the most prominent pioneers of these theories of researchers? The research was divided into several purposes, starting with the most important of these buildings, which is based on skepticism and the relativity of knowledge, which came as a natural result of the influence of some researchers on Western philosophy. The second was the theory of not knowing the language of religion in its actual reality, which seeks to deny the divinity of revelation and that the language of religion is a mythical language and that it is the language of symbols. The third is the humanization of religious texts, which discusses the principle of rooting compromise between the religious text and others, which was adopted by some Islamic researchers thinkers

Surat Yusuf is one of the suras that relies on the story (stories) to teach people lessons in behavior and draw lessons from the experiences of others. From troubles, horrors and sorrows. It is a model for the struggle between right and wrong, between reason and passion, and between personal interests based on selfishness, serving the general interest of the family, society and humanity. He may be falsely and falsely judged, and imprisoned with criminals!
And the stories of the Qur’an are better than the stories of others, in terms of its good organization and the miraculousness of its style, and what it contains of lessons and wisdom, so every story in the Qur’an is the best of stories in its section, and every story in the Qur’an is better than everything that the storyteller tells in other than the Qur’an, and what is meant is not the best stories of the Qur’an So that the story of Joseph, peace be upon him, is better than the rest of the stories of the Qur’an, as evidenced by his saying: By what We have revealed to you this Qur’an.
Surah Yusuf has been - and still is - a subject of reflections and studies, and even works of art, regardless of the depth and objectives of these studies.
The research included three topics and a conclusion. In the first topic, we talked about visions, their status, and their rule in the Islamic perception, vision and prophecy, and in the second topic, the first verses of Surat Yusuf, and in the third topic, a vision full of good news for Joseph and the family of Jacob

The economic indicator is one of the most prominent doors of openness between countries politically, as Iraq witnesses extensive trade exchange with its regional surroundings, especially with Turkey and the Islamic Republic of Iran, as well as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (2003) and the subsequent events that befell it and made it an import country more than it is a producer, and thus Iraq became a fertile ground for investments, so it opened its doors to all countries in the region for investment, especially the areas that were destroyed by the occupation (terrorist ISIS) after 2014

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and the best prayers and peace be upon our master and beloved Muhammad and his family and companions altogether, and after... The right to freedom of opinion or expression is an innate right that God Almighty has bestowed upon His servants, and this right, although it is of high importance, is like all other personal rights , financial, political... Subject to the principle of responsibility and duty. It is not an absolute right, but it is subject to the controls of interest, prevention of harm to others, and respect for human dignity. Accordingly, it is necessary to clarify those controls that differentiate between freedom of expression and the required expression that benefits the individual and society through providing knowledge, advice, and enjoining good and forbidding evil

The dissolution of parliament is one of the most prominent means used for mutual control between the legislative and executive authorities in the parliamentary system, but this method is not absolute. The oversight method, and that these organizational foundations may be prior to the solution method, and some of them will be subsequent, and some of them will be formal foundations, and some will be objective bases, because these foundations are very important in order to achieve a balance between the authorities in the parliamentary system because weakening one of these means It will lead to an imbalance and the strengthening of one authority at the expense of the other authorities.
Therefore, the mechanism for dissolving parliament and the justifications that were put in place for the purpose of dissolution must be determined under the permanent constitution of Iraq of 2005.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of the prophets and messengers, the beloved of God, Abu al-Qasim Muhammad, and the God of the good and pure.
This is an easy study in explaining the reward of God Almighty to the unbelievers in the Noble Qur’an, and we see in it how the unbelievers face the law of the Lord of the worlds with stubbornness, persistence, arrogance, resistance to the truth and turning away from the divine light. The truth was one of the safe losers on the day of the greatest fright, and whoever turns away from the truth and turns away from it, he will be one of the regretful perishers there on the Day of Resurrection, and there is no time inevitable.

The research discusses the concept of infallibility in Islamic thought, which is one of the most important theological, exegetical and hadith topics. Islamic scholars have paid great attention to this topic.
This topic was divided into three sections, the first topic in explaining the meaning of infallibility, and it had two demands: the first: in the meaning of infallibility in its beginning, the rationale for infallibility. It was in the evidence of the infallibility of the noble Sunnah, and I concluded my research with the third chapter, and it was in the infallibility of the prophets and imams, and it included two topics.

Development potentials and their economic components differ between districts in Karbala Governorate. The study of development potentials according to scientific methods helps to draw up development policies, and to achieve institutional and societal vision according to the consideration of economic diversity that includes the sustainability of development.
It has the developmental potential, so it must work on developing developmental policies that will advance the economic, social and environmental sectors, and this leads to achieving the goals without leaving damage to the resources and the place, and this is known as the sustainability of development.
This research deals with the status of Al-Husseiniyah district at the present time in terms of development resources available in the study area, which leads to raising the level of development and reducing the obstacles that stand in the way of achieving it.
Then the research deals with development policies in the study area as a region of natural and human geography and its ability to influence the economy in the study area and the possibility of raising the productive capacity through comprehensive development in general or agricultural development in particular and development prospects in light of climate changes to demonstrate the ability of the agricultural sector to play a role essential and specific in the developmental process.

Internet etiquette has grown in importance as a vital component of interpersonal interaction. The purpose of this research is to examine how college students use civility while communicating online. This research analyzes college students' communication via the internet for signs of civility using a qualitative lens. Research shows that college students understand the significance of being courteous online and use methods like indirection, speculation, and positive politeness to do so. The research also found that people's levels of politeness in internet-based conversations differed depending on their familiarity with one another and the topic at hand. In sum, the findings of this research emphasize the value of cyber-courtesy and provide light on how college students might improve their online manners.

act: The achievement of sustainable development does not require attention only to the economic and social growth, but also to environmental and biodiversity fields necessitating the need to work to preserve the natural resources in the environment and biodiversity of organisms and management of service of development, that any attempt to promote sustainable development and poverty reduction must take in to account the provision of appropriate natural environment where the poor are the most dependent on the natural environment in order to meet their daily needs of food, health, shelter. and the sustainable environment is the true measure of the civilization of peoples, one of the most important goals of the civilized societies in this day and age, and that preservation and maintenance of the environment and biodiversity comes through the role of herbarium, botanical gardens, nature reserves These contribute significantly to the protection of environment and biodiversity in order to achieve sustainable development, and it should be encouraged research and studies on the establishment of green belts around urban cities in order to find free of carbon clean environment , and develop solutions to the challenges of climate change and to support the efforts for a sustainable future, and attention to search universities to carry out studies related maintenance of diversity biological in plant sciences, and animal ,insect, as well as discuss the pros and cons of novel applications in the new scientific disciplines to study the environment and biodiversity, and to reach a scientific constructive ways to improve studies of protecting the environment and biodiversity, ways to maintain and use for development sustainable .

The aim of the current research is to get acquainted with The preferred personality traits of a mathematics teacher from the point of view of primary school students The researcher used the descriptive method for her research, which included the study sample(167) students from the fifth and sixth grades of primary school Assem bin Amr Al-Tamimi School belonging to the Directorate of Education of Baghdad / Karkh, the third, the researcher used a scale as a research tool This includes The scale is five dimensions subscales that measure: (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, acceptability ,conscientiousness) The scale statements were distributed at an average rate12phrase for each subscale, The response is based on a five-point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree, strongly agree)The validity of the scale was verified by presenting it to a group of arbitrators Half of the research sample respondents are in the high level category ,Where their number was (75), with a rate of (45%).,This indicates that primary school teachers have high personal characteristics ,As for a third of the sample, their responses were in the middle level category, Their number reached (63), with a rate of (38%).,As for the low level, the sample's responses were (23),Their percentage was (14%).,This indicates that primary school female teachers have very low personal characteristics, And There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the averages of the research sample responses in each of the dimensions according to the academic level variable and in favor of the sixth grade ,This is due to the principle of jealousy between sample Find each other and lack of self-confidence, As for the dimension of simplicity, and admissibility, Conscience awakening, There are no differences between the averages of the research sample responses according to the academic level variable The researcher came up with some recommendations and proposals in the light of these results.

The current research aims to find out the effect of teaching history, the McFarland strategy, on systemic thinking among fifth grade literary students, and to achieve the goal of the research, the researchers put the following hypothesis:
There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of students of the experimental group who study history using the McFarland strategy and the mean scores of students of the control group who study the same subject in the usual way in the systemic thinking test.
The General Directorate of Education of Salah al-Din / Department of Education of Dujail was tested, and in a simple random way, the Ibrahimiyya School was chosen to apply the research, and randomly assigned Division (B) to be the experimental group who study using the McFarland strategy of (40) students, and Division (A) to be the control group who They study in the traditional way, the number of which is (40) students, and the topics are included according to the vocabulary for the first semester of the year 2022/2023 0
Where the search result showed • The students of the experimental group who study history using the McFarland strategy outperformed the students of the control group who study the same subject using the traditional method in the systemic thinking test.

The study aimed to identify the knowledge framework for empowering women with knowledge of its reality through its characteristics, in addition to identifying the most important challenges and obstacles facing it, which led to its obstruction in achieving the goals of sustainable development. The study also aimed to address a number of international experiences in order to benefit from them in overcoming The digital divide. As for the concept of cognitive empowerment, it has known several definitions, the most important of which is the use of knowledge and its employment in all areas of community life, whether economic or social, leading to the private life of individuals in order to entertain human life. Therefore, the research sought to answer the following questions: In light of the changes taking place in Iraqi society in all areas of social, economic and political life, what is the relationship of these changes to achieving knowledge empowerment for women, which in turn works to bridge the digital gap that women suffer from? What is the future of knowledge empowerment in Iraq?