Journal of Jurisprudence Faculty

This research deals with the problem of using the direction concept in the writings about methods of interpretation and interpreters, where we find each author deals with it from his point of view in terms of definition and its adoption in classification. The research sheds light on the definitions criticizing, Reaches the roots of the concept, And also points on not to differentiation between approach and direction, And its effect on the basis of classification and divisions, and reveals their difference in the fields of its use between being a description of acceptable and rejected directions; which leads to a mixture and overlap leading to confusion and illusion for scholars and researchers when they return to these Publications.

The Holy Qur'an includes a set of linguistic patterns that indicate a sense of suspense within a context. In the pamphlets of his interpretation of Al-Tahrer w Altanweer, Ibn Ashour was able to stand on these patterns and elaborate them in a clear way. This study has included twelve elements as follows: First, the non-explicit indicative coming later than the indicative noun (as well , also)«كذلك, secondly the attributed pronoun to the former noun, thirdly the ambiguity of the relative noun, fourth the independency of the occurrence of apodosis to the occurrence of protasis, fifth The style of foregrounding and backgrounding, sixth, the transition between verbs, seventh, the construction of the verb to the object, eighth, the opening of the Quranic surah with question or swearing, ninth, the use of interrogation for a rhetorical purposes, tenth, lengthening and exaggeration, the eleventh being general and then detailing, twelfth the question-and-answer style.

This research is concerned with observing the significance of the method of repentance in the blessed Surat (Al-Baqara), given that reversal is a stylistic phenomenon that can show connotations at the level of singular or syntactic use of words.
The study followed the method of extrapolation of texts in its search for the reversal connotations in the linguistic use of words and their formative and organizational formations in that blessed surah, by taking textual models and treating them with the help of context.
Our research benefited from different sciences, including: morphology, grammar, semantics, and interpretation, by relying on its various sources and references.

The current thesis deals analytically and critically with the arguments raised by some skeptics who suspected the divineness and holiness of the Qur'an, exclusively the arguments about the Qur'an’s linguistic and literary aspects focused on and affected by the geography of the Arabs of the pre-Islamic era.
The significance of the study lies mainly in giving adequate answers to these arguments in a scientific manner that lock all doors in the faces of the malicious opponents of the Qur'an and strengthens firmly the faith of those believing therein.
In order to meet the requirements of this research, the research plan was prepared to include: addressing the research faculties, showing the linguistic and literary reality of the Arabs prior to Islam, and analyzing the linguistic and literary suspicions raised about the Qur'an by referring to the case of grammatical errors in the Qur'an.
And a statement of the total answer to the suspicions that were called grammatical errors, and the suspicions of frankness, semantics and rhetorical.

Social networking sites and programs on the Internet are mostly a double-edged sword, in which they are beneficial and harmful. If a person uses them best, they are useful and beneficial, and if a person misuses them, they are of course harmful, and some of them may be a very dangerous slip.
The reason for choosing the topic: The world of the Internet and the social networking sites it contains have a clear importance in the life of society. Rather, it has become a new means of awareness and raising awareness, and the strong demand by people for it.
As for the research problem: social networking sites have become between the hammer and the anvil, as it is said, one group sees it as expanding awareness, increasing awareness, and transferring humans in a few years to a world that was not accessible by traditional means of communication, and another group sees it as a cause of moral, political and social chaos And its harm has far exceeded its benefit, so who do we stand with?
Since social networking sites are the focus of researchers' attention, this comparative study came between Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law to clarify the legal and educational effects of using social networking sites.
As for the objectives of the research: it is represented in identifying the concept of social networking sites, and the educational and legal effects thereof, and the provisions of their use in Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law, in a comparative study between them.
Research Methodology: The researcher relied on dividing the study into four demands accompanied by an introduction, a conclusion, and the most important findings and recommendations of the research.

The various financial dealings with successive governments have produced many practical and jurisprudential questions, the answers to which were received from the imams of Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them. The jurisprudential extensions in this field have multiple scientific images, which some Imami scholars have limited to four images. The research is exposed to these images in an attempt to search for the jurisprudential approximations that human minds produced through their dealings with religious texts in this field.

The book Beyond Jurisprudence is the outcome of a renewed, creative intellectual awareness in discovering the sciences that pertain to meta-fiqh, not jurisprudence itself, as it is known that jurisprudence has links to multiple sciences that this book was exposed to. Jerusalem. For these hadiths and how to classify them and analyze their types in the perspective of modern science. Especially since Mr. Al-Sadr followed the method of detailed hadith analysis in terms of laying down scientific possibilities, assumptions and intellectual theses in a scientific theoretic way. Which opens the horizons of various scientific aspects to the recipient

It is well known to anyone the importance of knowledge of principles in devising legal rulings. Being the major ones that the jurist relies on to know the legal ruling, and our scholars have attached great importance to this science, and they wrote the lengths in it and rolled up the forearms in order to overcome its difficulties.
The issues of conflict, and in particular the issue of competition, are among the important topics. Because of its many jurisprudential applications in all chapters of jurisprudence, so they searched for it in more than one resource, including when talking about the ranks.
As for the connection between them, they also discussed it extensively in the issues of conflict when differentiating between it and a conflict.
As the contradiction, even if it is a common denominator between them, except that the contradiction if it is in the place of making is included in the topic of the terminological contradiction, and if it was in the place of made and the actual one, it fell under competition, often confusion and suspicion of mentioning this or that resource occurred in the chapter on discrepancy or competition.
Therefore, there was a difference in determining competition and its origin between the investigator Al-Naini on the one hand and between more than one who was late for him on the other hand. While his student Sayyid al-Khoei asserted that competition has only one resource, which is the inability of the commissioner to comply with both letters (mandates) addressed to the commissioner.

The current work aims to shed the light and realizes looking at Al-Ausi’s methodology in the grammatical criticism in his interpretation which is (The essence of meanings in the Quran interpretation and the Surat Al-Fatihah), because of the wide importance of this interpretation to the scholars, which means a comprehensive example of the previous commentators efforts and a reference to the coming scholarly-based investigators due to its valuable scientific investigations in different sciences, which include linguistics and expression, that which is indispensable in the interrogation of the Qur'anic text and the recollection of its meanings.
Like other scholars in the same field, these sciences were facilitated in Quranic interpretation by Al-Alusi. For being proficient in the linguistic sciences and combining most of the opinions that have been said in the Qur'anic grammar issues, Al-Alusi has to present the grammatical opinions that relate to the expression of the Qur'an in his interpretation, a critical presentation not a narrative offer. In addition, he evaluates the presented opinions and addressing its pros and cons, superiority and inferiority on the basis of a scholar course that he has created for himself for the sake of pursuing that goal.
That why this study has concerned itself with identifying AL-Alusi’s methodology that he had employed in tackling the grammatical utterances through opting out some of them and rejecting some others. It is necessary to address Al-Alusi’s life in brief along with his exigence efforts that are cherished by scholars as well as defining the grammatical criticism term.

For every science from the sciences, it must have evidence and principles that scholars refer to in establishing a rule or establishing an argument, and these principles differ from one science to another according to the disciplines of this science and its components. It was measured and unanimously agreed upon, and others adopted the original, and these origins were not the product of later eras, rather they are as old as the science of grammar, because acceptance, rejection, weighting, weakness, analogy, etc. Arab scholars are divided into different tribes in eloquence, some of which accept his words and others who reject, and the test of the Arab to accept or reject his words, and other matters. Those principles, according to him, were listening, analogy, consensus, and taking the case.

Knowledge is one of the most important issues of modern poetry, and the question of knowledge in poetry is what the research aims to consider, adopting a concept of knowledge as a possibility of realizing the facts of things and reaching their essences. Since Darwish’s early works were governed by the dominance of the centralization of the place/homeland, as a grand narrative, or as a fact that does not accept review and skepticism, and does not accept the establishment of any truth outside it; Our approach to the reality of the “ego” came in the light of this narrative as well as a narrative: the historical inevitability of progress towards liberation, and the manifestations of the “ego” witnessed multiplicity and differences with the progression of the stages of the struggle on earth, and with the maturity of the vision, as well as the proximity of the poet’s “ego” and its distance from the homeland, The first works were characterized by three stages of writing according to the perspective of this research: writing from within the homeland, writing from the Arab outside or (the Beirut period), then the period after Beirut. The ego is in the formation of that knowledge. And revealing the images of this development and transformation in presenting knowledge about the ego in the process of its relationship with the homeland and the world, is what the research seeks to present; Through significant and selective models from Mahmoud Darwish.

One of the most influential figures in the Islamic history of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), which represents his dignified life, including a strange diversity, imposed by the volatile conditions of the nation, so this research under the title "features of the biography of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in the lexicon of countries Yaqout Hamwi "to highlight the impact of the biography of Imam (peace be upon him) scattered in this lexicon This research is located in three axes, the first axis: "the position of the sapphire Hamwi from Imam Ali (peace be upon him)" The second axis deals with "the biography of Imam Ali (peace be upon him)", which dealt with the origin of Bani Hashim at the sapphire of Hamwi first, and the biography of Imam Ali In the invasions and wars of the Prophet (peace be upon him) second, and the virtues of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and his third places, while the third axis focused on "the biography of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) after the death of the Prophet (peace be upon him)" and discussed in this axis: The issue of FDK and circulation when the caliphs and the position of Hamwi them, and the charity of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and how the role of Hamwi dictionary, and finally The tomb of Prophet Hood was designated by Imam 'Ali (as).

Imam Al-Hassan bin Ali (Peace be upon them)had several narrations in the biography of the Prophet that took their way in heritage books, and this academic scientific study came to shed light on these narrations.
The study was divided into three topics, the first topic dealt with the biography of Imam Al-Hassan his scientific position and the second topic dealt with his narrations in the general conditions of the Messenger and included his birth and his lineage and his attributes and evidence of his prophethood, and the third topic was his accounts in the news of the Islamic call and included the struggle of the military and intellectual messenger with the polytheists of Quraysh And the Jews and the Messenger's organization sin the almadina.

Most of the delegations that came to the Holy Prophet Muhammad (God Bless Him) were to declare and enter Islam, and this does not deny the existence of other delegations that had different goals and objectives, including political, social and even scientific. Direction of various events and situations to the Holy Prophet Muhammad (God Bless Him) The study of these delegations and their types is so important that it cannot be overlooked and neglected, especially as it is not limited to a specific aspect and axis, but rather its objectives are varied and their tributaries are distributed between the political, administrative, social and scientific side. The noble Prophet, especially those related to organizing the delegation, such as the methods of selection, reception, hospitality of delegations, and forms of honoring them.
We divided the research into two topics. The first dealt with a linguistic study of the word delegation, while the second topic dealt with the religious, political, social and scientific delegation to the Messenger of God Muhammad (God Bless Him).

Since the early rise of history , Man was acquainted with all types of sacrifices. Offering sacrifices is connected with the seek for the goods` blesses and avoiding their anger or displeasure. This doctrine or ceremony was found in all the heavenly religions; it had been mentioned in the first versions of the Old Testament and became a main ritual of worship. Then the Jewish had added the pagan features that they had acquired from the other pagan nations during their different historic eras, such as offering the human sacrifices to get the God blesses or to thank God for certain blesses. Christianity had indicated the ceremonies of the Old Testament emphasizing the spiritual values of the sacrifice especially in the first Gospels.
With the appearance of the doctrine of incarnation and redemption, Christianity believed that Christ is the human sacrifice who accepted his crucifixion to safe his people and to purify them from the inherited sins.
The research discussed this theme within three topics dealing with:- the concept of sacrifice in the holy Bible, the Jewish human sacrifices and their pagan significances, and the Christianity repealing of sacrifices considering Christ as the human sacrifice, respectively.
The conclusion includes the study results. The study depends on a number of the important resources and considerable exegeses of the Holy Bible in addition to the other historic books, all are mentioned in the bibliography.

Unemployment is an economic problem as it is a psychological, social, security and political problem, and the young generation is the generation of work and production because it is the generation of strength, energy, skill and experience, and the disruption of that physical energy due to emptiness leads to that energy rebounds on it to demolish it psychologically, causing many problems and transforming unemployment in many countries of the world To complex basic problems that may topple some governments. Cases of demonstrations, violence and revenge are directed against the government, and the owners of capital are responsible for the unemployment problem in the eyes of the unemployed. Statistics confirm that there are tens of millions of unemployed all over the world, and therefore suffer from poverty, pilgrimage and deprivation, and their underdeveloped health conditions, and their inability to take responsibility for their families, and scientific studies also indicate that unemployment has its bad effects on mental health, so the percentage of unemployed in any society is considered An important measure of the level of mental health experienced by the population, as well as its effects on the physical and social health. Unemployment is a global manifestation, but its size varies from one country to another, and the degree of human treatment that an unemployed individual receives from his community varies

Current research aims to determine the nature of the relationship between organizational health through its characteristics and characteristics in the motivation of achievement, through the sample of the study which included a sample of the professors of Kufa University - Faculty of Education for Girls (159) 150) only valid for statistical analysis, the study determined the main hypothesis that the psychological contract is positively related to the exclusion of employment data were collected through the form questionnaire, which consists of two parts, the first part of the regulatory health The second part of the motivation for achievement was based on a number of The results showed the validity of the main and secondary hypothesis. A number of conclusions and recommendations were reached, most notably the need to adopt the servant leadership as a behavioral leadership style by most of the professors of the University of Kufa. Of the impact of organizational error management as well as the need of the University of Kufa to invest this kind of leadership that filled the thinking of researchers in management science.