Regional Studies Journal

Abstract
There is no doubt that the think-tanks in the developed world‏ ‏became of a signifcant standing, ‎especially on policy making and were‏ ‏called think-tanks that is to say deposits of thoughts. The states,‎‏ ‏society institutions depend on these centers as for studies, reports, and‎‏ ‏advices in many economic, ‎social, political, security, military, and‏ ‏cultural matters, rarely, we find a member of parliament, ‎companies‏ ‏administration councils, or civil society organizations that not depend‏ ‏on a think-tank for ‎necessary views and thoughts to make help in‏ ‏taking appropriate decisions for difficulties or necessary ‎solutions forsome attitudes.‎‏ ‏In my research which is called "the Importance of Arab think‏ ‏tanks: ‎Regional Studies Center at Mosul University, Iraq as a case‏ ‏study, I'm trying to look into the ‎significance of these Arab thinktanks,‎‏ ‏and to explain the nature of its work, needs and obsticales that‏ ‏hinder its work and to take the Regional Studies Center at Mosul‏ ‏University that I'm honored with its ‎chiefing as a " case, study", we‏ ‏celebrated the silver jubilee on August 24,2010 after 25 years of‏ ‏establishing the center..‎

Abstract
This study deal with the French Social Party that is of the oldest‏ ‏parties in France as it reaches power ‎for many times in France.‎‏ ‏The first part of the study deals with the first beginnings of‏ ‏socialism and ‎the organizational and ideological structure of the party‏ ‏and its programs. The second part deals with ‎the strong relation‏ ‏among the Social Party, Zionism and Israel. The third part deals with‏ ‏the main ‎political stations in the Arabic–Israeli conflict and the Party‏ ‏situation against some of the Arabic issues.‎‏ ‏The study sums up with some of the main results. The Party is‏ ‏considered as a disturbed party where ‎members meet at times of‏ ‏elections, conferences and nominations but discharge after‏ ‏discussing‏ ‏the ‎details. The Social Party is characterized by the multiple leaderships‏ ‏reflected upon the party base ‎when each leader has his own view‏ ‏concerning the political events. The relation between Party and ‎Israel is‏ ‏distinctive as the Party completely Israel right in existing upon the‏ ‏Arabic land‏.‏

Abstract
Electrical energy is of vital importance for the conduct of daily‏ ‏business of contemporary societies, ‎and the average per capita, one of‏ ‏the most important indicators of the level of economic progress. ‎The‏ ‏residential sector in Nineveh province suffering since 1991, a clear‏ ‏lack of processing power, ‎which constitutes an obstacle in the path of‏ ‏growth and development. Therefore, monthly sales of ‎Nineveh‏ ‏residential electric energy consumption data were collected for the‏ ‏period 2004-2009, audit, ‎and addressed by McLaren method. To‏ ‏achieve the goal of research and test the hypothesis‏ ‏descriptive‏ ‏approach was adopted, as well as quantitative approach to forecast the‏ ‏monthly demand of this sector ‎from 2010-2015.‎

Abstract
At the last decades corruption is attracting a lot of attention around‏ ‏the world. This paper discuss the ‎variables related to the "Causes of‏ ‏Corruption" in MENA countries at the period (2003-2007). We ‎used‏ ‏a pooling data for a five years for (19) countries was used to fit the‎‏ ‏regression equations. The ‎study conclude that corruption is a highly‏ ‏determined by the (root of corruption, weakness rule of law, ‎dropping‏ ‏the total secondary enrollment ratio, weakness of competitive in the‏ ‏local market, and the ‎Rating of freedom of the press). We suggest‏ ‏that, if a certain reforms are not made, corruption will be ‎a real big‏ ‏problem in (MENA) countries.‎

Abstract
Originating of taxes on foreign deposits is considered on of the‏ ‏most important and modern subjects. ‎It has been originating after a‏ ‏long negotiation concluded by E.U. This system started to be applied as discounts from the source on interests and deposits of non-resident‏ ‏Europeans that existed in it's ‎banks with keeping it as secret. The‏ ‏value of discount is about 15% as a first stage and then 20% as a second stage to become 35% in 2011. This paper tries to get the‎‏ ‏possibility of originating of these ‎taxes and to apply it in Arab‏ ‏countries or on Arab deposits in foreign banks of non-resident Arabs.‎The paper contains three topics, the cause of originating taxes on‏ ‏foreign deposits, the importance of ‎tax reform in Arab counties, and‏ ‏the necessary tax procedure to impose taxes on foreign deposits.‎

Abstract
The corruption phenomenon is considered one of the most important‏ ‏and effective issues society.It ‎caused a great imbalance institution, the deterioration that befell‎‏ ‏the society, and to weaken the state ‎role which reflected in negative to‏ ‏their administration in political, economic, administrative and ‎society‏ ‏affairs for many decades.‎‏ ‏At the same time (at once), we realize that the corruption interprets‏ ‏the wide gap between ruler and people, it is the result of trust absence‏ ‏between people and state ‎institution.‎‏ ‏In fact, we don’t over do when we say that the corruption phenomenon‏ ‏reflects the ‎political system nature of state.‎‏ ‏Corruption in the political field appears through coercive measures by‏ ‏the authorized power for state officials, and all that take place in‏ ‏knowing way through the legislation ‎or what is more important is‏ ‏neglect the legislation.‎‏ ‏According to the report of Arabic humanity ‎development, the‏ ‏corruption, illegal acts, public funds, transferring, law violation‏ ‏‎,judgment ‎challenging, and accumulate the fortunes for the benefit of‏ ‏minority during short times, all these led to ‎deteriorate the problems of‏ ‏social inequality, in addition to more than 73 million Arabic lead under‏ ‏poverty line and about %(109) million Arabic people suffer from‏ ‏malnutrition, the other hand, the ‎rate of illiteracy is more than 46%from‏ ‏the population and the number of the illiterate from Arab adult ‎‎65‎‏ ‏million people, woman representing tow third from them and that‏ ‏means high levels in the Arab ‎countries more than what is exist in more‏ ‏poor countries.‎‏ ‏The gap increased among rich minority and ‎majority leads under‏ ‏poverty, therefore that led to appear unacceptable case among people‏ ‏and ruling ‎authority which is responsible for the growing deterioration‏ ‏of political ,economic and social ‎institution.‎‏ ‏To combat the corruption, it is very important doing political,‎‏ ‏constitutional, economic ‎and social implement reforms, but the question‏ ‏which asked is that, how is it possible for few ruling ‎group to accept‏ ‏with reforms radical changes which threaten their benefits.‎

Abstract
The new world financial crisis has taken place in a form of‏ ‏liquidity crisis in mortgage estate market, ‎because of the lenders‏ ‏stopping to pay their loans as well as its interest rates. The causes led‏ ‏to ‎bankruptcy of grand bank institutions. The Arab Gulf Countries‏ ‏will face great economic losses ‎resulting from the current world‏ ‏financial crisis whether that are concerned with supported securities‏ ‏by real-estate, or that by funds contributions that are devoted to help‏ ‏people suffering from the crisis, ‎or resulting from the decrease of‏ ‏economic growth due to reductions of crude oil demands, or oil ‎prices‏ ‏deterioration, or decrease of dollar's exchange rate. According to what‏ ‏is mentioned above, we ‎reveal that we are in a bad need to establish‏ ‏financial institutions governed by principles & morals, ‎develop simple‏ ‏and justice investment tools, promoting the awareness of investors,‎‏ ‏and redirecting the ‎Arab Gulf monetary investments towards actual‏ ‏investments opportunities in both Arab & Islamic ‎sphere. There are‏ ‏intellectual results coming from this crisis. It supported the economic‏ ‏philosophy ‎that leads to much role of state interference in the financial‏ ‏markets, bank system and economic ‎activities in general. The lessons‏ ‏coming from this crisis will change too much of the thoughts &‏ ‏economic policies. No doubt, the role of USA will be changed in the‏ ‏contemporary world system.‎

Abstract
Iraq often represented one of the NATO's interest, observation,‎‏ ‏and planning. Although the instability ‎of Iraq's military relations with‏ ‏NATO since the formation of it in 1949 and till the American‏ ‏occupation of Iraq in April 2003 which was sometimes in cooperation‏ ‏forms and sometimes in ‎collision forms, and then the participation in‏ ‏the latest war on Iraq became a controversial question ‎among the‏ ‏member states in NATO, but soon these disputations vanished‏ ‏gradually when the states of ‎NATO realized that there are mutual‏ ‏interests lie in the success of Iraq's operation of which they were ‎ready‏ ‏to guarantee these interests and to make use of it, so the states of
NATO involved in training missions inside Iraq since June 2004. The‏ ‏NATO's existence may go ‎beyond training missions to be more‏ ‏effective in forming the general and strategic position of Iraq and ‎its‏ ‏neighborhood. It is useful to establish military, technical, and training‏ ‏relations with NATO on ‎condition that these relations do not in‏ ‏cludeaims that may cause crises and struggle in the region, ‎‏ ‏also ‎the forming‏ ‏of general regulations for these relations between Iraq and NATO‏ ‏states and the Atlantic ‎powers must be in a manner that identify the‏ ‏practical position of exchanged interests.‎

Abstract
The island of Cyprus had Attracted for with interest the great‏ ‏powers, especially in the nineteenth and ‎twentieth, Ce, making it an‏ ‏arena for conflict influence the regional and international levels. It was‏ ‏natural to move Russian policy during the Tsarist and Soviet period,‎‏ ‏and then the current period ‎‎(Federal Russia) towards this area geostrategic‏ ‏view of the proximity of the border, regional Russian, ‎but the‏ ‏Western influence in the island form an obstacle to the penetration of‏ ‏Russian influence, was ‎on the Russians to find suitable alternative for‏ ‏access to the island, and they have been through the ‎master of its own‏ ‏Orthodox Church of Cyprus which is the Russian Orthodox Church‏ ‏religious ‎authority, as well as economic penetration in the affairs of‏ ‏the island in hopes of what can be to‏ ‏balance Western influence.‎

Abstract
Like the rest of the Arabian Gulf States Qatar is characterized by‏ ‏political stability. Not so many ‎changes had taken place on the‏ ‏structure of political system in Qatar moreover, the mechanism ‎ofpolitical–Decision making Since the independence of Qatar state on‏ ‏September,2,1971. the power is ‎concentrated in the hand of Amair‏ ‏till Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani had taken this power in
‎1995 in which the state had witnessed so many freedom and both‏ ‏political and economic stability. ‎This has been reflected on all‏ ‏aspects of state.‎‏ ‏Thus, the citizen in Qatar is not concerned deeply with ‎the political‏ ‏affair due to the good income of citizen in Qatar as weal being Qatar‏ ‏is a small landed ‎state and few populations and the simple social‏ ‏structure and this gives the policy- maker in Qatar too ‎much‏ ‏connection with the people directly.‎

Abstract
This research Interested in foreign trade transactions, the‎‏ ‏ongoing trade across national borders through ‎trade exchange‏ ‏between the State and the outside world, to achieve the advantages‏ ‏of specialization ‎and international division of labor, but the reason‏ ‏that foreign trade is attributable to differences in the ‎distribution of‏ ‏natural wealth and gained between the countries of the world, and‏ ‏not being able to ‎achieve self-sufficiency as a result of distribution‏ ‏asymmetric to the factors of production, so it should ‎specialize in‏ ‏the production of some goods at low cost and highest‏ ‏efficiency,‎‏ ‏differing production ‎costs, circumstances and tastes, preferences‏ ‏and other was one of the factors that led to the ‎establishment of‏ ‏foreign trade, as it occupies the importance of the economies of‏ ‏most of these ‎countries being the engine a basis for economic‏ ‏growth, exports are manufactured is the base engine ‎for‏ ‏accelerating economic growth, also affect the import of capital‏ ‏goods, industrial and agricultural ‎directly to move the growth of‏ ‏commodity sectors, especially industry and‏ ‏agriculture.‎