AL-Rafidain Engineering Journal (AREJ)

Fuzzy Classification of ECG Signals Using A QRS-LikeFIR Filter Bank with Lattice StructuresJassim M. Abdul-Jabbar Rasha Waleed Hamaddrjssm@yahoo.com Rasha_Waleed87@yahoo.comDepartment of Computer Engineering- College of Engineering-University of Mosul- Mosul-Iraq.AbstractSignificant features of the ECG signal include the P wave, the QRS complex, andthe T wave. This paper focuses on the detection of the QRS complex. A 1st orderGaussian derivative function has a similar shape to QRS complex part of the ECG. Inthis paper, an FIR filter bank is efficiently designed with lattice structures for QRSfeatures extraction, using Gaussian function with standard deviation value .ECG features are taken after three-level decompositions of the proposed filter bank.Significant energy values of the filter bank output coefficients are calculated andtreated as crucial points for identification of the diseases/disorders in the ECG signal.Such values are used for the design of a rule-based fuzzy classifier.

Hanging gardens of Babylon is one of seven wonders of the Ancient World. It ismentioned that these gardens were constructed at the ancient city of Babylon byNebuchadnezzar II, who ruled between 605 and 562 BC. The gardens were mentioned inthe Roman and Greek historians’ writings and descriptions of height were given. Thegardens were surrounded by a strong wall with stadiums connected with stairssurrounded by arches and filled with trees and flowers. The gardens were irrigated fromEuphrates through manmade pumps. There are no cuneiform texts mentioning thesegardens, however, they are the only wonder based on these legendary information. Onthe contrary, some archeologists states the hanging gardens are within Ninewaarchaeological location in Kuyunjik hell, near the Sennacherib and Ashurbanipalpalaces based on scenes of a garden constructed on a column of arches drawn on a tabletand other cuneiform texts in Ninewa. The current study is comparing the data of bothlocations and reviewing the available information in addition to providing moreevidences to support the existence of hanging gardens in Ninewa. This is done throughexamining the spatial characteristics of the two locations from a landscape perspective.

Optimization of Power Consumption in Cloud Data CentersUsing Green Networking TechniquesDr. Qutaiba I. Ali Alnawar J. MohammedEmail: qut1974@gmail.com Email: alnawar_j25758@yahoo.comComputer Engineering Dept., College of Engineering, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.AbstractIn this paper, a neuro-based predictor is proposed with a prediction algorithm toestimate the required number of active servers simulating the Green Networkingobjectives. The inputs of such predictor are the CPU utilization of the servers in the datacenter and the variations of the incoming demands with the number of users’ variation.During the work, different demand profiles of ClarkNet traffic traces are simulated onOPNET14.5 Modeler to obtain the required training values of servers’ CPU utilizationand clients’ throughput. Also, Green Networking objectives are defined to maintain thePower Management Criteria (PMC) which guaranteed that all CPU utilization must begreater than 30%. Taking into account that a maximum number of 100 servers are usedin such local data center, an ON/OFF control algorithm is then suggested for the powermanagement of different servers in data center to fulfill the previous Green objectives.The Power saving is finally evaluated since it has been noticed that the power savingpercentage can be increased from 17.33% to 85.33% of a total power of 75 k watts whenthe number of the operating servers is decreased from 80% to 5% of the overall servers

The form represents one of the major components of the architecturalcomposition, which all constitute the architectural work, both partially or as a whole.This paper tries to analyze some remains of the Islamic architectural heritage in oldMosul concentrating on traditional houses and their facades in particular in order toinvestigate the rules and mechanisms which produce an integrated system of attributesthat gave Mosul its own architectural identity. This paper adopts a methodologyrepresented by establishing a data-base from multi architectural essays which deal withfrom, then applying concluded from them on selected examples of traditional houses inMosul. Findings show that formal features on façade level were characterized byorganized unity with concepts like balance, repetition, proportion, and scale. Suchconcepts were basic guide-lines in organizing the internal façade. The (Iwan) was themost important element due to its size and form which affect in shaping these facades.This is so important in achieving a local architecture with distinctive identity.Key words: Formal attributes, architectural form, traditional house, old Mosul.

The normal distance relay face many challenges in a series compensatedtransmission lines the distance relay may give incorrect decision. This paper present adigital distance relay designed by using wavelet transform (WT) to work with thiscompensated transmission lines. The relay have another features to recognize betweenfault and disturbance cases , classify fault types and giving the trip signal to circuitbreaker in a time less than period quarter. The relay has been tested for both simulationcases and practically cases by simulation transmission lines board in the lab.

The current paper aims to explore the capability of Artificial Neural Networkmodels (ANN) to calculate the optimal operating policy of a single reservoir system(Al_Qaim reservoir on the Al_Khosar River). The ANN models proposed in thisresearch were making use of the outcomes emerged from two Stochastic DynamicProgramming (SDP) models suggested by previous study on the same reservoir systemi.e. Explicit Stochastic Dynamic Programming and Implicit Stochastic DynamicProgramming.The two ANN models have been used to find pattern between inflow and initialstorage of the system in one hand, and the release and the final storage of the system onother hand. It is found that the topology of the first model which adopted the attributesof the ESDP is 2-6-2, while that which was implemented the ISDP attributes has a 2-10-2ANN topology.The final results prevail that good agreement have been exist between the output(release) of the proposed ANN models and those obtained by the two (SDP) models withcoefficients of determination 0.934 and 0.803 respectively

The Nalgonda method is one of the effective methods for fluoride removal, especiallywith low and medium initial fluoride concentrations. In this research, the idealconditions were found through studying the factors that affect the fluoride removalefficiency (initial fluoride concentration, pH, alum dose, mixing time for flocculation andcoagulation processes, and the sedimentation time). The research results proved thatinitial fluoride concentration does not significantly effect the efficiency. As the removalefficiency amounted to (88%) for the initial fluoride concentration of (3) mg/L. Whilethe removal efficiency was equal to (86%) for an the initial fluoride concentration of (10)mg/L. pH value was proved to be effective, as the removal efficiency was equal to (85%)when the (pH) value is equal to (7), while the removal decreased to (72%) and (63%)when the (pH) values were equal to (4) and (9) respectively. Alum dose, time of mixing,and the time of sedimentation were also affecting on the removal efficiency. Bestremoval efficiency obtained at the times of mixing and flocculating equal to (1 min) and(5 min) respectively. Also it was found that it’s possible to get the same removalefficiency when increasing the period of rapid mixing to (3 min) and then directly moveto the sedimentation process. Finally, the ideal sedimentation time has been set, bestremoval efficiency has been achieved a sedimentation time equal to (1 hour) and at thedifferent measurement conditions.

In DC transmission, Stress inversion is a complex phenomena occurring in thecable insulation seriously hampering the design of HVDC cables. Radial variation of thetemperature dependent DC conductivity, forces the stress inversion under certainconditions. A new proposed power cable with two insulation layers (XLPE and oil) withforced coolant oil has been analyzed under DC voltage to improve the performance ofDC cables.The new proposed cooling method increase the ampacity of the cable, reducingspace charge affection and reducing the radial temperature drop which is in turncausing less variation in DC stress distribution.

The architectural design of the random number generators for uniformdistribution, normal distribution, exponential distribution and Rayleigh distributionusing Box-Muller and inverse transformation method has been hardware implementedon FPGA. Any of the random number generators can generate one sample every clockcycle. The generators have been implemented on Xilinx Spartan 3E XC3S500E FPGA.The designed generators work properly up to maximum frequency of 418.41MHz .Theoutcome results of the generators have been tested by the chi-square test at a 5% level ofsignificance which provided the correct required distributions

In this paper, an FPGA implementation of a 2-dimenional discrete wavelettransform (2-D DWT) is proposed to efficiently construct the corresponding twodimensionalarchitecture by using the raster-scan image method for any givenhardware architecture of one dimensional (1-D) wavelet transform filter. Theproposed method is based on lifting scheme architecture. The resulting architecturesare simple, modular and regular for computation of one or multilevel 2-D DWT.These architectures perform both low pass and high pass filter with multiplierlesscoefficients calculation. In addition they require a small on-chip area to download thearchitectures on FPGA Board (Spartan-3E). The proposed 2-D architecture consistsof: external memory, Row 1-D arithmetic module, column 1-D arithmetic module andinternal memory unit. The row and column 1-D arithmetic units are designedutilizing Biorthogonal filters (5/3 and 9/7)

Many universities and organizations are considering the idea of migrating theirdata centers to cloud computing. Among the many cloud computing deployment models;the private cloud is the preferred one for such organizations since; it maintains theircontrollability and enhance security of their servers. Albeit, there are still some risks ofattacks. One of these is the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) where a large amountof compromised hosts called botnet attacks a specific server causing its servicedegradation. A test bed for a private cloud computing network was built in the labmaking use of Oracle VM Virtual Box as a virtualization environment. This test bed wassubjected to a DDoS attack of the SYN-Flood type in multiple scenarios of botspercentage deployment. The same attack was carried out on an Opnet simulation modelof the test bed. The results of the practical testbed and the simulation model confirm thedevastating effects of such attacks as the botnet size increases

This paper presents a numerical investigation of high-strength concrete beams moderately deep subjected to imposed inelastic cyclic deflection .Three cantilever beams having cross section of200 x 400 mm were selected from the experimental work carried out by I-Kuang Fang , et. al. Testvariables included were shear span to depth ratio, ratio of longitudinal reinforcement at top andbottom faces of the beams and loading histories. The cyclic simulation performance of the selectedbeams were found using the plastic- damage model for concrete developed by Lubliner and Lee &Fenves . The model adopts the concepts of fracture – energy – based damage and stiffnessdegradation in continuum – damage mechanics . Two damage variables, one for tensile damageand the others for compressive damage , and yield function with multiple – hardening variable areintroduced to different damage states . The uniaxial strength function are factored into two parts,corresponding to the effective stress and the degradation of elastic stiffness . A simple consistentscalar degradation model is introduced to simulate the effect of damage on elastic stiffness and itsrecovery during crack opening and closing . It was found that the ABAQUS model accuratelypredicts the experimental response under cyclic loading up to the yielding of the steel bars . Theprediction is less accurate at post yielding stages .This difference is due to the severe damage ofthe concrete in tension and compression during loading cycles . Also the prediction of the regiondamage within the moderately deep beams matches the experimental results . Cracks propagation(opening & closing ) and stress distribution during cycles were very well predicted specially theformation of the compression struts and its development into the concrete beams . Thecontribution of stirrups with the plastic-hinge zone is about 30% of the latest half – cycle peakload and the developing of the plastic – hinge zone were about 051% of the beam height which were well estimated compared to the experimental results . The back bone of load-displacement curve predicted by the ABAQUS model shows a close correlation with the experimental results in to the inelastic range

A higher order finite strip formulation based on the auxiliary nodal line(A.N.L.) technique for a dynamic analysis of curved box-girder bridges is presented.Newmark’s equations of numerical integration have been applied depending on thevalues of the coefficients ( , ), and adopted in the current study with a value equal to(0.5, 0.25) of a curved box girder bridge with simple support and exposed to the trafficof the moving vehicles represented by the system of the moving force. Where thedynamic interaction between the vehicle and the bridge is neglected.The study has also required the application of Newmark’s method to find out thedynamic response values represented by (deflections, dynamic amplification factor,Impact factor) to solve the issues related to the bridge loaded by moving vehicles model.Each system is composed of a suspended mass joined with a damper and a spring ofstiffness in addition to the unsuspended mass

The aim of this study is to improve the engineering properties of gypseous soils,located in Bajii city (160 km South of Mosul city) using the Field Dynamic Compaction(FDC) techniques. This technique consist of dropping a reinforced concrete block(1x1x1 m) weighing (2.4 Tons) from different heights on a gypseous soil of thicknessvaraing from (0.5-2.4 m) and underlain by sub-base material.The effect of FDC on the gypseous soil was investigated using SPT in the fieldand using the conventional laboratory apparatus in the laboratory tests.The results showed that the unit weight increased (14-32%) for one drop of theweight. The effective angle of internal friction (ϕˉ ) increased from (32 o ) to about (36o)while the compression index (Cc) decreased from (0.24) to about (0.07-0.1).The results of this study indicated that about (60-80 %) of the improvement wasachieved from the first blow in loose to meduime soils. However about (25 %) of theimprovement was reached in dense soils.The FDC is a promising technique for improving the engineering properties ofgypseous soil and overcome most of the gypseous soil problems

Passing on rural two-lane highways is one of the most important driving tasks.More than 28000 vehicles were observed and the passing maneuvers were recorded of 10two-lane highways in northern Iraq during June and July months of 2005. It was foundthat the number of passing maneuver increase as the flow rate for both directionsincrease up to 1500 veh/hr flow rate. The passing maneuvers decreases with the increasein flow rate. The increase in flow rate causes an increase in demand of passing anddecrease in passing supply. Volume of around 212 veh/hr gives a balance betweendemand of passing and passing supply.Keywords: flow rate, passing maneuvers, rural highway, two-lane highway

Mosul Dam is one of the biggest hydraulic structures in Iraq. It was constructed in 1986on the Tigris River in the north of Iraq. The initial storage capacity and water surfacearea of its reservoir reaches 11.11 km3 and 380 km2 respectively at the maximumoperation level 330 m a.s.l. The dam was operated in 1986. A total of 56 samples werecollected from the bottom of Mosul reservoir covering most of the reservoir area. Theresults of the analysis of these samples revealed that they were composed of gravel(3.8%), sand (15%), silt (55.5%) and clay (25.7%). The distribution of these sedimentsindicates that the silt portion represents the highest followed by clay and then sand.However, sand percentages are the highest in the northern zone of the reservoir wherethe River Tigris enters the reservoir and decreases gradually toward the dam site. In themeantime, silt percentage decreases toward the dam site while the finer fraction (i.e.clay) increases.

Most of the traditional digital implemented systems uses fixed point or floatingpoint for representing and processing data. An alternative approach is to represent dataas random bits that are distributed along the sequence. To be precise, stochastic logiccan be considered as a solution for hardware size for application that consume physicalarea like neural networks as it uses logic gates to implement complex operations and itsinherits resistance to bit flips noise. To avoid some of the problems that this type ofprocessing suffers from, a combination of stochastic logic and classical logic (fixed point)is used to implement a neural networks (Fully connected feed-forwards) that ischaracterized by FPGA large size consuming. The stochastic logic is utilized have toimplement part of the multiplication operations in the hidden layers of network andLFSR is used as a random generator for conversion of weights and activation functionsoutputs. The hardware utilization of Spartan 3E-500K FPGA results are compared withanother network of the same size. A discussion of some of the issues that related to thismethodology faces is also presented.

In this work, a numerical method is developed for solving the unsteady Navier-Stokes and energy equations in a two-dimensional passive heating Trombe wall system.A parallel computer code that can be run efficiently on multicore PCs or networkedworkstations is developed for calculating the velocity and temperature fields in thewhole domain of the system. The developed code is validated using data from theliterature. Results are presented for the time response of a typical classical Trombe wallsystem to transient heating