Regional Studies Journal

Abstract
The present research accounts for the present situation of ‎human development in the cooperation council Arab States of the ‎Gulf (CCASG) which suffers from low performance compared by ‎other developed and developing countries. There hare been ‎contradictions and structural and spatial discrepancies especially ‎if we view human welfare of the Arab people as participants and ‎beneficiary from sustainable development.‎
The paper focuses upon four points:‎
‎1.‎ The present situation of human development in the CCASG in ‎the light of quantitative measures.‎
‎2.‎ The resources of welfare and economic performance.‎
‎3.‎ The Gulf environment in sustainable development perspective.‎
‎4.‎ Recognizing the problematic situation and predicting the future.‎
The research concluded that the future of the CCASG is ‎promising if territory witnesses a resurrectam of a nation. ‎

Iran Foreign Policy towards Israel witnessed a radical change ‎after the revolution of Iran in 1979 and become the opposite of ‎what had been during the reign of Shah Mohammed Raza ‎Bahlawi. This paper Sheds light on the on the nature of Iran ‎Foreign Policy towards Israel and the paper is divided into three ‎periods according to the changes. The First between 1979-1989, ‎the second between 1989-2005 and the third between 2006-2009‎

Abstract
The paper deals with these two French parties from a number of ‎Arab Issues through the French press. The First Section in the ‎paper deals with the Nationalization of Suez Canal, the triple ‎attack on Egypt. The Second section deals with the attitudes of ‎these two parties from the issues of Algeria through the French ‎newspaper. The third section is talking about June war. The last ‎section handles the attitude of both parties from October war ‎‎1973.‎
It is dear that the communist French party was under the effect ‎of the Soviet receiving its information and this has been reflected ‎through the papers of the party itself whereas the socialist French ‎party and its leaders supporting and advocating Israel and ‎Zionism, The attitude of Israel is clean through the newspapers ‎relating to the mentioned party. ‎

Abstract
This research deals with the subject of Iraqi-Turkish relations ‎during the period between (2002-2012), this period constitute a ‎crucial stage in the history of relations between the two countries ‎which had witnessed an internal developments in each of them, in ‎Turkey, the coming of justice and Development Party (AKP) to ‎power in late 2002 represents a new phase in the Turkey's ‎contemporary history and in its internal and external policy, ‎regional and international relations, while Iraq has offered the ‎U.S. occupation in 2003, which affected in its political, security, ‎economic situation and in its regional and international relations ‎which reflected on the bilateral relations between the two states.‎

Abstract
This study addresses the Jordanian relations - Iran between the ‎years 1980-2003, as was variation in the level of development ‎ranging from friendship and closeness to the tension and rupture ‎due to contrast the two policies of Jordan - Iran with each other, as ‎well as regional changes reflected on the relations between the ‎two countries. ‎

Abstract ‎
The Arab region, presently, has passed through political and ‎economic changes that have resulted in changing of some Arab ‎regimes as in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya; and still another regimes ‎are going to go away by virtue of broad popular uprisings. Within ‎this study, we observe the bearings of these transformations on the ‎Arab Turkish relations through focusing over the Turkish ‎governmental attitude, Turkish popular attitude in addition to the ‎attitude of the Turkish parties; beside, analyzing the future of the ‎Arab Turkish relations due to these changes.‎

Abstract
This study is an attempt to study the phenomenon of political ‎pluralism through a unique experience: a political system of the ‎Islamic Republic of Iran, which reflects socio-cultural elements ‎on the one hand،‎ and historical-political experience on the other ‎hand. So the problem of the study is based on socio-historical ‎content through the following question: How can Iranian ‎multiplicity turn into political pluralism?. on the basis of the ‎above, the study is launches from a hypothesis stating a casual ‎correlation between the availability of a number of data and ‎achieving political pluralism. accordingly The study is divided ‎into two sections, the first tackles the elements of political ‎pluralism, while the second deals with aspects of political ‎pluralism. The study approach Depends on the structural-‎functional approach that is based on a network of interactions ‎between formal structures and informal structures contribute to ‎the formation and functioning of political phenomenon. ‎
Finally, the research concludes a number of obstacles and ‎motivations for political pluralism in the Iranian regime, and that ‎there is a decline of obstacles and a rise in motivations relatively ‎but sporadic momentum. ‎

Abstract
The protection of the environment is one of the topics that are ‎included in the public international law as it is of concern to the ‎international community.. and the environmental three issues of ‎marine, land and air are of interest within legal studies to treat ‎pollution, which affects the environment in general as for changes ‎to natural or human life that causes damage to the environment ‎and their direct or indirect impact on human life and health.‎
‎ The research highlights the international efforts of the ‎organizations of the United Nations through the role that they play ‎in protecting the environment according to the UNEP program ‎which aims at reducing any pollution that may infect it or to ‎reduce pollution resulting from developments that affect the ‎environment of all kinds.‎

Abstract
The foreign direct investment is considered the most important ‎sources of financing investment projects in developing countries, ‎and an "essential" element of the economic development strategy, ‎and works to stimulate the process of economic and social ‎development, and to provide more job opportunities and the ‎transfer of technology and management developed techniques in ‎host countries, as well as "for acceleration economic growth rates, ‎and the level of the national economy investment is connected ‎with capital expenditure in new projects in the sectors of public ‎utilities and infrastructure, the trouble with search that the ‎economies of most developing countries suffer from inadequate ‎financial resources available to finance the investments required to ‎achieve economic growth and development, in order to cover the ‎scarcity of funding sources these states have to follow the ‎strategies of foreign direct investment, and to achieve the goal of ‎research the researcher used a time series for the period 1990 - ‎‎2011, group of developing countries have been selected depending ‎on the method of descriptive and quantitative analysis to measure ‎the impact through data and information collection from official ‎sources and Internet web sites to reach a group of Results and ‎proposals‏.‏

Abstract
‎ Preparing military strategies, testing, evaluating and reviewing ‎them are considered operations in military - political leaderships ‎for countries in general and for Federal Russia in particular. ‎Russia had become the legal heir for the previous Soviet Union, ‎one of the great power poles in the world throughout the years of ‎Cold War (1945 -1991). The fall of Soviet Union Formed a heavy ‎burden on the Russia military abilities, thus, Russia witnessed so ‎many attempts to stop the consequences of that fall on the Russian ‎Army trying to regain its place and abilities and in order to make ‎the Russians able to practice the influence in regional and ‎international situations.‎

Abstract
In order to issuing well phonetic we must concern future- next ‎durations- every thing will be more difficult for teenagers and adults, in ‎order to renewing it must be proper for community, he is a poet that ‎teenagers and adults who suffer of aphasia can understand him easily, ‎because feels and ideas reporting and connecting are being done by the ‎tongue, words and definitions in Turkish language are used for many ‎meanings‏.‏
Turkish language is deemed as sixth international language after ‎china, Indi, Spanish and Russian languages due to increasing number of ‎Turkish articulates, Turkish language is being used from Europe to china ‎great wall continually in one single geography by two million persons in ‎the world at the time that there are 5 languages are being used in one ‎single country‏.‏
Turkish language is belonging to Ural- Altay group.‎
Ural branch consists of fin – Uygur and Samoyed, Altay branch ‎consists of Manchuria and Mongol, Turkish language belongs to Altay ‎branch.‎
The written and heard culture of any community belongs to the ‎language, because the language is right mirror of social and cultural ‎structure of the community.‎
Learning and understanding Turkish language is continuing in order ‎to get rich treasure of Turkish words and knowing its history and ‎cultural symbols‏.‏
Turkish language will be sixth international language from 100 to 12o ‎next years because it has expanded history and geography from middle ‎Europe to Siberia, India, Oceanus and northern Africa, so it should be ‎drawing its time and place borders.‎