Journal of the planner and development

Algeria is considered as a leader in adopting a modern and developed legislation in the field of modern real-estate. This legislation helped in the achievement of magnificent architecture and major public works as well as organizing in a modern way the expansion of urban areas. As it can be seen in the creation of French Quarters in many Algerian cities as, Algiers, Blida, Oran and Sidi Bel-Abbes in thus Algeria is regarded as a model in the success of colonial reconstruction. This legislation was distinguished by stating on documents including an integrated design of reconstruction, classification and zoning that lasts for forty years, this period was considered by the legislation at that time necessary to archive the designs and modernize the new cities sought to be done. However, the legislation was intended to bring an urban area that suits the European civilization and the Europeans especially otherwise the Algerian inhabitants didn’t get any mentioned interest as witnessed the architect Michel Ecochard.
Under the pretext of protection of cultural heritage and ancient cities architecture, this latter didn’t benefit of the lowest draft for the growth of its scope to accommodate the demographic growth and that followed the colonization of Algeria. The two phenomena (ie) the urban demographic growth and rural migration showed the limits of this legislation to organize urban growth and anticipation of this overcrowding. Thus, the great old cities suffered a great deal from overcrowding since the early twenties. Meanwhile inadequate housing cells began to spread in the majority of Algerian cities.
The term Slums « Shantytowns » has been used for the first time in Algeria, considering the materials used in order to build the houses. Moreover, the random housing began to spread in the early thirties. Since then, Algeria witnessed a rapid expansion that made the control and the organization of urban field impassible according to the rules of construction and development of property.

the idea of the unreality Comes (after the knowledge theory) after the accumulation of human knowledge, and as the case of a difference in the multiplicity of roles and move through the time, this idea came in the end of the supplementation of human thought and of (basic theories) and everything who came and will coming is unreal, it is only an indirect comment on these basics,then it is sub-implicit,not an individual is not essential.
After the end of the humanity and philosophical theory, what will come is only unreal because reasonably found through the theory, and knowledge is the inevitable result of the reasonable, but the theory received after that will become not reasonable, as is the case in this research, in case the planning science was very weak and became stronger by the theories as the structural theory and breakdown theory then folding theory.
If we focusing in one of these theories, which are folding, you'll find an extension of the theory of the former is deconstruction, and these belong to the thinker, "Jacques Derrida," which inspired this theory from his teacher "Heidegger" as well as architectural theory of alienation, is only a girl "Karl Marx" as well as the structural theory is only an extension of the school of linguistics for "Saussure." So all of that is reasonable and which will be generated from it and so will be unreal because of the science theft and theories of science theories, this is called tampering.
The idea of the tampering is unreasonable, so there is no rebellion against the unreasonable, the knowledge combined with the real, and other tampering.
The idea of knowledge is only an extension of the former, so we are tossing ideas around in the dark of what and why, so it should be to stand against the stolen reasonable theory of knowledge is obvious, otherwise it will be in vain and insane.

The importance of the green areas is to provide a quiet, comfortable and unpolluted atmosphere. This will provide an opportunity to connect with nature, to use the entertainment features and to strengthen the social relationship between the individuals in the area.
The aim of this research is to study the actual situation of the green areas in the neighborhood and to compare it with the standards planned for this purpose and to ensure that the green area planning and design should reach the needs and expectations of the neighborhood residents.
The descriptive analysis method has been used in this research. Neighborhood (405) of Al-Kadhimia city has been selected as the study area for its plenty number of gardens.
This study includes the definition and classification of the green areas, the standards used in their design, the importance of their design and the types of trees suitable for the Baghdad environment.
The research found that the individual share of the green areas in the neighborhood is lower than the standards according to the basic design law. There was a lower visiting ratio to these gardens by the residents of the large area houses than the small area houses because large area houses already have gardens.
The low visiting ratio is due to distance, location and facilities available. The distance between the green areas and the resident areas is too far. The green areas are located on the outskirts of the neighborhood which allows strangers to enter. There is a lack of comforting facilities like playgrounds, benches, shaded seats and other furniture.
The shortage of environmental awareness in the neighborhood community has left the playgrounds abused and damaged.
The research recommends that more green areas should be allowed in higher populated areas and to the areas that have fewer houses with gardens. As well as to design smaller distances to the green areas, plant suitable trees to enhance the environment and increase the number of ponds, fountains, benches and playgrounds.

The Subdivision of dwelling unit in to more than one is a common phenomenon that led to the change in the Plots area of many housing units for most of neighborhoods in the city of baghdad. Which led to an increase in population, exceeds what was planned, as well as several changes occurred inside the housing environment, and outside it.

Most available studies in Iraq on the Housing Market did not incorporate analysis of subdivision of dwelling unit.
This study analyses the Housing subdivision and identify the most important factors that led to the division and the impacts of this division on the environment of the Dwelling unit.
Simple random sample was drawn through neighborhood (409) AL- Kadhimiya

Analytical study and comparative was used.

The research has many conclusions and recommendations, including the role of housing subdivision in Fill part of the need for housing, and the effect of this market on phenomenon environment.

Share of Arab cities in the factor of civilization is very important which is the Islamic religion, Islam is next to being a doctrine is also a way of life covering all fields of social, economic, political, cultural, health, behavioral and architecture on the other hand has always been a reflection of the natural environment, cultural and natural communities that live in them and this applies to the architecture in the Muslim world, It is here considered the teachings of Islam from the constants that affect the architecture over the centuries and the Bekaa, while different factors, natural and climatic conditions from one region to another and the same social and cultural factors, economic, and methods of construction are all different from the Islamic society to another but it is possible n, we find some characteristics of civilization of Islam can be reflected in architecture in different parts of the Muslim world, including simplicity, privacy and functionality, hardness, and expression auto needs and if we add the above appropriate place in terms of building materials and treatments of climate and available technology and to adapt to the environment we were able to get the expression optimization for Islamic Architecture in the Islamic community that is committed to the teachings of Islam at any time and place either from the functional point of view, the Islamic architecture in its broadest sense ,Must answer to the requirements that are in line with the teachings of Islam, the teachings that must be understood by every designer or planner.

It has become clear that the growth of any city in the performance of its different functions has become dependent on the efficiency of the transport system. Working to spread functional interdependence of activities and events of the city through the movement of population daily, and that the movement in them through the means of transport to gives the real dynamic of the city, on the grounds that the daily movement of the population of Fallujah city, human phenomenon influenced by the number of behavioral characteristics, economic and urban, within the framework of the urban system of the city, where the subject movement and business trips, education, entertainment and other of these dimensions. The identify of their size and densities and their current problems helps to understand the planning feature studies with commensurate requirements and preparation of studies transportation studies within cities. Thus the research describe the features that effiction by the traffic factors in the city of Fallujah as a case study.

Lead open and green areas play an important role in the life of modern cities . The widening expanse at the expense of urban green open areas and made the need to enjoy the natural environment recipe inherent to its population . The rapid growth of cities and the evolution of population prepared and breadth planted one of the reasons that demonstrated the need for spacious open green areas within the city due to its importance of environmental, climatic and entertainment in the lives of citizens . So take the developed countries this side a lot of concerns, but the interest in the planning and organization of open and green areas within our cities is still below the required level despite the fact under the climatic conditions and harsh environmental as high temperature and dry winds .
That the need for green areas is one of the problems facing residents in large cities as decreases spaces allocated to them, especially in the old neighborhoods of them.andFunctionality and low for open and green areas to meet the growing demand by residents . And is known as the green open areas and constitute one of the types of infrastructure that must be met in the city for providing huge returns on both material and moral support to the population and as a result note the amount of attention given by the developed countries for this type of Services , While still suffering from Iraqi cities backwardness and lack of great in this aspect through the lack of adequate space for open spaces and non-compliance with the standards , Which led to a significant imbalance in the planning and organization of Iraqi cities, and was accompanied by a rise in pollution levels in various kinds.That search has resorted to the adoption of the comparison between the spaces allocated for green areas in a number of countries in the world and IraqIn an attempt to define the importance of the correct application of the criteria for green areas and its impact in the better planning of cities and to know the criteria adopted in the successful experiences and try to take advantage of them in the planning of Iraqi cities. .

The previous studies to identify the regions in Iraq was mostly based on a single criterion in determining regions (such as homogeneity geographical -the standard population) and this made the regions proposed closer to the geographic regions traditional and the process of identification and faced a lot of difficulties, The contrast characteristics of geographic, economic and social support them in order to define the region, and then determine its quality was based on previous attempts to standard topographic harmonies and social division of the country into regions and confined to the administrative divisions of the list and highlight the role of the three main provinces of Baghdad, Basrah, Mosul, as centers for those regions. This leads to the omission of the potential of development in each region, as the region may form part of the province, or more than one administrative area as referring to the concept of functional region. So objective of this research was based on the formation of active regions with mutually functional relationships between them according to the developmental potential to achieve higher rates of economic and social development and construction to achieve the reduction of disparities between them and achieving social justice. and as stipulated in the Constitution of Iraq.