Basrah Journal of Science

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and study fixed point (F.P) under a contractive condition satisfying Geraghty-type by using the concept of partial Hausdorff metric spaces. Our results improve and unify a multitude of (F.P) theorems and generalized some recent results in partial metric spaces (P.M.S).

Diabetic retinopathy refers to vascular disease in the retina of the eye that affects patients diagnosed with diabetes. The HbA1c test is closely related to retinopathy. Therefore, an early HbA1c test may prevent or reduce the retinopathy. In this study a self-administered online questionnaire was distributed in Basrah city among diabetics to assess their awareness of the HbA1c test and its relationship to detect the retinopathy. Out of 353 (208 female, 145 male) diabetics, 179 (50.70%) had poor awareness, 119 (33.71%) had moderate awareness and 55 (15.58%) had good awareness. The total awareness score with a mean ± SD of 5.4 ± 1.2, indicating that the lack of awareness about HbA1c was related to the age (P-value = 0.001), lower level of education (P-value < 0.0001) and to the lack of awareness that the patients received from their health centers (P-value = 0.031).

In this article, we present the numerical investigation for incompressible Newtonian laminar flow through a conical channel. We apply the Galerkin finite element method for solving the governing equations of such a problem. Usually, the governing equations for incompressible Newtonian flows are represented by conservation laws for mass and momentum, which are given in the cylindrical coordinates (axisymmetric) in the current study. Interestingly, the pressure drop through the channel is provided under a variety of Reynolds numbers. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of various effective parameters on the level of the pressure drop. Further, the effect of the boundary maximum axial velocity that is imposed at the inlet upon the solution reveals some novel features. To evaluate the influence of the conical half-angle at the recirculation region on solutions behavior, this study is achieved with a different set of angles. We found that the conical half-angle was notably affecting the critical level of pressure drop. Moreover, the response of the fluid in both shear and extensional is quite interesting, which represents one of the more important aspects of this study.

A cage culture trial was conducted in floating cages located in Shatt Al-Arab River near Hartha, Northern Basra for the cultivation common carp, Cyprinus carpio. The aim was to investigate the ability of using dry bread (DB) and dry fish (DF) as feed for two stocking densities of these fish. Eight cages were used in this experiment, four of them (two for high density and two for low density) were fed on 25% DF & 75% DB, while the other four cages were fed on 40% DF & 60% DB. A feeding ratio of 5% of live fish weights was used for both rations, separated into early morning and afternoon meals. The average fish weight was measured at the beginning, after 23 days, and at the end of the experiment, after 56 days. Results of the current experiment revealed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between growth criteria for fish fed on the two different rations at two different feeding densities, except for the DGR values, which showed significant differences (P≥0.05) between fish fed on 25% DF & 75% DB reared at high and low densities. The results of growth and food conversion rates are not promising compared with other local feeding practices. The average food conversion rate was around 6 in both feeding trials. From the point of view of economics, it is not recommended to use DF and DB alone in feeding common carp reared in floating cages.