Journal of Al-qadisiya in arts and educational sciences

This brief research attempts to shed light on the biography of an underrated poet whose mention was linked to a famous day in the days of pre-Islamic Arabs. As for the poet, he is Aws bin Ghalafah Al-Hujaimi Al-Tamimi, and today is the day of Dhul-Najb .
Since the subject of the research is related to an unknown poet, whose mention was linked to a historical event, the research methodology requires that the research focus on the poet, introducing him, and shedding light on the sources that translated and introduced him, and then becoming familiar with that historical event, and learning about its course, events, and the poet’s place in it. Before stopping at the poet’s poetry, which is a small detail, but - although it is few - it reveals an important aspect of the poet’s life, his way of thinking, and his view of life and the tribe around him .
Despite the large number of poetry anthology books that celebrated the mention of all or some of the poem, such as Al-Mufadliyyat, Al-Asma’iyat, and other sources of Arabic literature, such as Tabaqat Fahl al-Shu’ara’ by Ibn Salam, Al-Hay’am by Al-Jahiz (255 AH), Al-Sha’ar wa Al-Shu’ara’ by Ibn Qutaybah (276 AH), and Al-Kamil by Al-Mubarrad (285 AH). In addition to the linguistic sources, some evidence of which was mentioned, which may be a justification for the abundance of sources in this brief research. However, they differed in narration and sequence. This is what this research sought to uncover and attempt to document.

Deconstructive reading intends to undermine the foundations on which cognitive discourse is based by questioning the text, monitoring the flaw in the structure upon which it is based, and leaving it disassembled without any attempt to re-establish another model. Because adopting a model based on fixed pillars necessitates calling on the same pillars, subsequently, that model becomes a project to dismantle another.
The reading in this research adopted the discourse of truth and metaphor according to the fundamentalists. It began with the foundational principles of the discourse, represented by the relationship between the text and the origin of its composition. Then, it begins with the comparison and the differences between the fundamentalists in their nature. It concluded with the results of that perception in the relationship of placement with identity and the relationship of use with function to reveal the duality of truth and metaphor, dismantle the perception based on temporal succession at the origin of the emergence of the two terms, and reveal the linguistic process before writing that was able to remove centralists and establish alternative centralists.

The current study addresses a research problem focusing on the impact of using reciprocal teaching in improving mathematical achievement and mathematical communication among sixth-grade primary school female students. The study employed a quasi-experimental method by applying reciprocal teaching to an experimental group and comparing it to a control group that did not receive reciprocal teaching.
The sample included 50 students who were equally distributed between the two groups. Two tests were constructed to examine the outcomes: the first was a mathematical achievement test for the students, and the second was a mathematical communication test. The validity and reliability of the tests were ensured. The study used statistical methods including independent samples t-tests, linear regression analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficients to analyze the data and determine the differences and relationships between the variables.
The results showed statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding mathematical achievement and mathematical communication. The experimental group, which received reciprocal teaching, achieved notably higher mathematical achievement and communication compared to the control group.
The study concluded that reciprocal teaching could be an effective tool in enhancing mathematical achievement and communication among students, emphasizing the importance of implementing this strategy in classrooms.

The research aims to identify "the effect of the effectiveness of two strategies based on (active learning) on the reading comprehension of middle school students in the subject of reading and texts and the development of their reading motivation." The research chose the researcher (Tripoli High School and Dubai High School for Boys), and the researcher put three main zero hypotheses. The researcher used the experimental design with a randomized control group with pre and post test, which includes a first experimental group that studied the reading material and texts using the strategy (the thinking hand), and a second experimental group that studied the material The same using the strategy (read - discuss - share) and a control group studied the same material according to the usual method. between the study groups in a number of variables (intelligence test, students’ scores in the Arabic language subject for the third intermediate grade, the pre-reading motivation scale), and it was required Achieving the aim of the research and the existence of two tools: the first tool was the reading comprehension test in the subject (reading and texts) of (30) paragraphs, and the second was the reading motivation scale of (30) paragraphs that were prepared by the researcher himself and their validity was verified after presenting them to a committee of experienced experts. And specialization and expressing their opinions about it, and I got the approval of (88%), and after applying them to the three research groups, and the results were processed statistically, the following results showed:
❖ There is a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of students in the first experimental group who study reading and texts using the strategy (the thinking hand) and students in the control group who study the same subject in the usual way in academic achievement and in favor of the first experimental group And the second.
❖ There is a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean scores of the students in the first experimental group who study the reading material and texts using the strategy (the thinking hand) and the second experimental group who study the same material using.
(Read - Discuss - Participate) and students in the control group who study in the usual way in reading motivation and for the benefit of the two experimental groups.
❖ There is a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of students in the first experimental group who study reading and texts using a strategy
(the notebook hand) and the second experimental group who study the same material using the (read - discuss - share) strategy in the reading motivation scale (pre and post) and in favor of the post test.
In light of the research results, the researcher recommends the following:
❖ The use of these strategies in the stages (elementary, intermediate and preparatory), as well as teaching them in the various academic subjects and in teaching the Arabic language.
❖ Opening intensive courses for teacher education in all disciplines in order to prepare male and female teachers who are able to use these two strategies (the notebook hand) and (read - discuss - participate) in teaching the Arabic language to develop them and their capabilities and provide them with information and modern methods (active learning) in teaching.
Suggestions: Conducting the following future studies:
❖ Conducting an experimental study of the effect of using these two strategies (the notebook hand) and the strategy (read - discuss - participate) in acquiring grammatical concepts in the Arabic language subject and in other variables such as: reading inclination and direction.
❖ Conducting a comparative study between the (notebook hand) strategy and the (read - discuss - share) strategy with other models and strategies to identify their preference in teaching reading topics and expressive performance.

Geographical determinism is one of the most important determinants of a state's political behavior, as natural, human, and economic factors impose certain political trends. For example, we cannot deny that the policies of oil countries differ from the policies of non-oil countries because oil represents an important source of energy. If it is not essential, there is a difference in the distribution of energy sources between one country and another, so some countries take certain policies to cover the needs of the population of those places for energy sources.
Geographical factors control the trends of these countries, as natural economic resources are among the most important factors, especially oil and gas, Unfortunately, Iraq still does not realize the importance of natural gas as it is an exhaustible natural resource.
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy indicates that losses resulting from the burning of natural gas in Iraq amount to $2.5 billion annually, it burns 10 times more gas than it imports, The Ministry of Electricity also stated that 85% of the country's power plants depend on natural gas. Iraq imports 40 million cubic feet daily. While it burns 30 million cubic feet per day, without counting the burning of free gas. The Ministry of Oil indicates that the quantities of associated gas produced reach 2,700 million standard cubic feet per day, of which the amount used is 1,500 million cubic feet per day. According to the National Oil Company, the value of gas burned for the period (2011-2015) amounted to 15 billion dollars.
According to a report presented by the International Energy Institute on statistics related to natural gas trade in the world, as part of the 72nd Annual Report of the World Energy Statistical Review, the Islamic Republic of Iran's natural gas exports amounted to, in 2022, 18.9 billion cubic meters, of which 9.4 billion cubic meters were exported to Iraq. It is noteworthy that Iraq was the second worst country in the world in terms of burning gas after Russia in 2020.
In this research, we will discuss the regional and international importance of natural gas in Iraq and how to exploit these resources. The research was divided into two topics: the first is natural gas (its characteristics and uses) its types and geographical distribution. The second requirement is the development of natural gas production and consumption and its importance regionally and internationally.

The current research aims to identify the Persuasion intelligence and its relationship to emotional health among middle school students, and consisted of (250) students withdrawn in a simple random way with unequal distribution. The most important findings are that middle school students have Persuasion intelligence, health and sentimentality, as well as a positive correlation between persuasive intelligence and emotional health.

The Diwan (Anat Ha’irah) is considered the first Diwan in Arabic poetry dedicated by its owner to lament the wife, and its issuance had a far-reaching resonance in the hearts of the readers. The search reveals the impressions sent by a team of (writers / critics / friends / clerics) after the author dedicated the Diwan to them, so they wrote to him we favored and removed - as the poet stated - everything related to courtesy or praise under the title (generous echoes), which he proved at the end of the Diwan. From the topics raised in their impressions, we extracted from them what was said in the matter of (emotional honesty), which was an issue in the poet's ability to embody this emotional outpouring. The deep and emotional overflow with which he reached the pinnacle of magnificence, dexterity, and the pinnacle of loyalty, which represents the highest and noblest human emotions, and the literature that emanates from all of this is the finest literature

This research reveals the definition of the concept of the public and the corresponding word for the specific in terms of the meaning of the public and the specific in the language books and the opinions of ancient and modern scholars in them.
it also reveals the concept of public and colloquial in the Arabic linguistic blog. this research shows the meaning of public and private according to Ibn Hisham Al- lakhmi . it also sheds light on the reasons for the emergence of colloquial and the temporal and spatial determination of the emergence of this vernacular and the approximation between this vernacular and the classical in the hope that this modest effort will benefit , God willing , and God bless.

The objective of the current research is to find out the extent to which the physics books of the preparatory phase incorporate the criteria of the scientific leader and the extent to which the students of the fourth grade possess them In order to achieve the research objective, the researcher has adopted the modality of content analysis and educational surveys, The researcher then built two tools, the Scientific Leader's Standards Tool, which is made up of three areas and falls under each area with a set of indicators. as well as a scale according to the scientific leader's standards, which was built by familiarizing the researcher with previous literature and studies and then presenting both the analysis and measurement tool to a number of arbitrators and specialists in the specialization of teaching methods of physics, pedagogical psychology, evaluation and measurement to ascertain the sincerity of indicators and to ensure that its paragraphs correspond to what has been prepared for them, The researcher then analyzed the content of the physics books for the fourth, fifth and sixth grades approved for the academic year (2023-2023) In the light of the analytical tool it prepared, the number of pages analysed has reached (697) pages The researcher relied on the idea (explicit and implicit) of a unit of registration, in addition to which the researcher ascertained the clarity of the paragraphs of the scale through the cyecometric properties by applying the scale to a reconnaissance sample composed of (100) Student of fourth grade scientific students, then applied to the basic research sample of (450) Students who were randomly selected from the schools of the governorate centre and showed the results using the statistical portfolio of social sciences (SPSS) as well as the repetitions and percentages of the following:
1. The physics books for the preparatory phase included the criteria of the scientific leader inconsistently and at an average level between his different subjects. The cognitive preparedness side of the scientific leader ranked first and then the skill count of the scientific leader came second and the last was the conscientious preparation of the scientific leader in the same order as the three books.
2. The extent to which students in the fourth grade of science meet the criteria of scientific leader is less than sufficient (75%). This indicates the weakness of the lama.

The Orientalist effort often contained different levels, and each level had a method and method. Travel literature is an oriental effort par excellence; If we look at it as an attempt to explore the East, or to search for conditions related to it.
This study is based on analyzing the patterns of British nomadic writings in the nineteenth century, and showing the most important features they combine, especially those that raise ethical and cognitive problems.
The peculiarity of the nineteenth century comes from the fact that it was the era of European discoveries and mastery that accompanied the colonial movements, that era in which exploration expanded and penetrated into the Arab East.
Deconstructing the discourse of travelers is not an easy matter. Due to their different cultural and moral motives and loads, the religious motive in that period was no longer the key to that discourse; Rather, the complexities of civilization and cultural and political changes have become a factor governing that discourse.
The discourse of the traveler often arouses pleasure without making the western reader, let alone the eastern reader, feel that he is facing erroneous or imaginary ideas.
As a result, the negative side in the writings of travelers contributes to distorting the truth. And thus works to cause discord between societies; Which often have little to do with the behavior of politicians or ideologues, religious or ethnic.

The research seeks to identify the nature of the relationship between reproductive organization and housing characteristics in the urban district of Al-Qadisiya .The research relied on the analytical method and the quantitative method, in addition to relying on a sample questionnaire that amounted to (1000) forms .
The research reached several results summarized in the high percentage of families that exercise reproductive control among women in the urban areas of Al-Qadisiyah Governorate and its impact on housing characteristics represented in the type of housing unit and the area of the residential area. The housing unit, its ownership, number of rooms and occupancy rate. From (1-3 rooms) in which the occupancy rate is high.

The research aimed to investigating the contribution of the via Rightwing authoritarianism, dehumanization, system justification and the stockholm syndrome in predicting of the legitimacy of violence in sample of Iraqis. The sample consisted of (980) Iraqis (553 male and 427 female) who randomly selected from some Iraqi cities. Five scales were used in this study including a scale of the legitimacy of violence, rightwing authoritarianism, dehumanization, system justification and the Stockholm syndrome, which was characterized validity and reliability. The results of the study revealed that Iraqis are legalizing violence, which results from rightwing authoritarianism , dehumanization, system justification and the Stockholm Syndrome؛ there are statistically significant difference in the legitimacy of violence and the Stockholm syndrome according to gender variable (males), and dehumanization and the justification of the system mediate rightwing authoritarianism and the Stockholm syndrome (independent variables) and the legitimization of violence (dependent variable).

The importance of the research is due to understanding the Quranic text in a deeper way than it is now, when solving the problems of the major adverb sentence, which is major problems, which is the problem of defining the adverb of the traditional grammarians, which generated two problems, the first of which is: the problem of the fixed adverb, in contrast to the definition that asserts that the adverb is a never-changing adjective, and is always present; because they did not develop analytical techniques that restore the transformed state of the omitted ones, and its stage is either sense or conjecture, and their second: the past and future states, unlike the definition that confirms the ever present state; because they envisioned the appearance of the external time in the sentence: (yesterday, tomorrow), making the sentences past and future
As for the minor problems, they are four, for which four topics are devoted, and the research has reached its solution, by stating that the case in the form of the dative and the dative is not estimated as (stable), because the preposition enters the infinitive and it is an event and not an adverb, and the adverb does not come from the subject, so what did he think that it is a beginner is a verb in the form of a noun; Because it elevates a subject, so it is adorned with (the) which is for the genus, not for definition, and the condition does not come to know, and does not come to a plus; Because it is a second news and it may come news and adverb at one time What is true is the story of the past and the future. I used the pragmatic approach to solve these problems

Man has worshiped Good Almighty for his divine mortality , which is the set of ideals that characterize God Almighty , because God is characterized by the beautiful names , for the and Sufi people want to be drawn closer to his obedience and worship to God the first and the other as they win with his eternal consent and Abu Nasr al-Saarrj al- Tusi (378A.H./988A.D.) Put in his book with the dimensions of Islamic mysticism , including the devotional dimension which is part of it in the prophecy , which included the prophency , which included the allocation of the prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his preference over his peers from the prophets , peace be upon them.

The city of Mosul is the second city after the capital, Baghdad, in terms of its population. It was called Mosul because of its strategic location between the north, south, east, and west. It also connects the banks of the Tigris River because it is located on it. One of the nicknames given to Mosul is Umm al-Rabeein because of its mild climate in the fall and spring seasons. The residents of the city of Mosul are distinguished by their religious and ethnic adherence and their customs that distinguish them from others, but there are crises that the city went through, such as the ISIS occupation of Mosul in 2014, which had negative consequences for the city’s population as a whole and from all aspects, and then after that and the Corona epidemic that killed large numbers of residents The city, hence it has been observed recently that the phenomenon of children with autism has spread in the city of Mosul (Autism) in a remarkable way, while this phenomenon was not prevalent in the city except for very few cases. It may be lifelong or it may have a cure, but it is not at a high rate. Therefore, the researcher was interested in studying the spread of the phenomenon of autism among the residents of the city of Mosul, because it has a great impact on the families of autistic children, and studying how to deal with this. Behavior and trying to change it for the better. Population geography had an interest in this field, as it is related to the life of the population.

Mesopotamia witnessed a civilized theater, some of its mysteries and secrets are still undiscovered and have not yet been covered by the shovels of excavators and archaeologists. The results of scientific excavations left ample information through which talk and clarification can be made.
The results of the excavations show that the beginnings of the first dwellings in Mesopotamia were in the northern regions during the period confined between the ancient and modern stone ages They are unstable settlements that preceded the stage of villages and population stability imposed by agriculture and domestication. It is known that the first beginnings of these homes were called settlements, which in the literal sense are a shelter or shelters that a person of that era had to resort to to protect him from the dangers of nature and predatory animals, and they differ from what we call hunting colonies In fact, they are houses made of branches and leaves of trees, in which he sleeps for the purpose of hunting, chasing animals away from the caves Then the members of the community lived in houses made of the closest materials available and easy to process and organize, such as reeds, papyrus, and mud in the south of Mesopotamia. He could leave it and m.
ake another one easily when he moved through the swamps and marshes of the south. The first shapes in both the northern and southern regions were circular in their design, so they were easy to work in addition to To its defensive function, which is safer than the polygonal shape, it may have been constructed according to the climatic conditions and available materials And that the human being of that era moved from the north along the rivers and settled in the far south of Mesopotamia After the Ubaid civilization emerged in the fifth millennium BC, in the far south of Iraq today, represented by simple settlements whose architecture does not exceed reeds and papyrus, which were covered with mud, and built with pure mud again (the raft) combined near the temple, the first nu cleus and the center of the village, the inhabitants of these first communities were Self-sufficient and their housing meets their needs before the population explosion that Teal Ubaid Known as the era of Warka in the 3000-3500. BC Who changed the entire history of mankind since then, until the population unit began to develop and expand due to the civilizational development at all levels, and it became easy to identify houses and their sustainable architectural elements and distinguish them from housing and shelter Until it became a comprehensive civilization, in which population groups emerged that were governed by the available materials with the technical expertise that developed the elements and architecture and developed the structural unit.