IRAQI JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, COMMUNICATIONS, CONTROL AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

In this paper, the design of robust blood glucose controller in diabetes using H-infinity technique is presented. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method is used to tune the specific structure controller parameters subject to H-infinity constraints. The Bergman model is used to represent the artificial pancreas. This model is one of the more widely used models of the effect of insulin infusion and glucose inputs on the blood glucose concentration. The results show the effectiveness of the designed controller in controlling the behavior of glucose deviation to a sudden rise in the blood glucose. The proposed controller can effectively attenuate the blood glucose deviation to 0.15. This value of attenuation makes the proposed controller superior to the other controllers in previous works. Matlab 7.11 is used to demonstrate the simulation results.

The goal of clustering is to determine the intrinsic grouping in a set of unlabeled data depending on some similarity measure (e.g. Euclidean distance).In this paper a steady state genetic algorithm (SSGA) approach is used to cluster true color images. After splitting the original images into red, green and blue components and displaying the image of each part, Steady State Genetic Algorithm (SSGA) is used to cluster the image to determine the number of clusters for the image by generating an initial population randomly and then applying the different operations of GA such as fitness function computation, selection, crossover, mutation and stopping condition. In the Crossover stage 1X, PMX and UX methods used for crossover between two parents to produce a new child. In addition to that another clustering method which combines k-mean algorithms and k-harmonic mean algorithms are used. The last clustering algorithm uses two functions to find the cluster centers for each image. Finally root mean square error is used to find the difference between the clustering and original image.

There is an argument about the optimization capability of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and whether its approach of search is guided or random. Although it has its own criticism, Schema theorem was the main effort for explaining the way a GA works, and justifying that the GA search is guided. After that, Schema theorem efforts continued for analyzing and justifying GA optimization approach with no complete analytic proof so far.
In this paper a different approach, namely a statistical approach, is used to test and justify guidance feature in the Genetic Algorithm when it is used for optimization purposes. Different standard functions have been tried and different tests have been done, and the results obtained proved that the GA is a guided search method and not random at all. Moreover, the tests carried out and results obtained proved the importance and necessity of each of the operators or techniques used by the GA.

Blind equalization is a technique for adaptive equalization of a communication channel without the aid of the usual training sequence. The Modified Constant Modulus Algorithm (MCMA) is one of adaptive blind equalization algorithms. The step size in (MCMA) must be selected to get balancing between convergence rate and final accuracy (maladjustment). This paper proposes an enhanced technique based on an absolute difference error and iteration number to adjust a step size which is used in modified constant modulus algorithm (MCMA). The new proposed algorithm is called Combined Iteration and Absolute Error MCMA (CIAE-MCMA). It is observed from the simulation results that the proposed algorithm can speed up convergence rate and decreases steady state mean square error and performs significantly better than the conventional fixed-step size MCMA and other variable step size algorithms (VSS-MCMA).

In this paper, different amplitude and phase modulation formats are investigated and compared to find the optimum one among them for high spectral efficiency (SE) Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) systems with an acceptable value of the Bit Error Rate (BER). Also, the effectiveness of using the polarization interleaving scheme in minimizing the nonlinear effects in the optical fiber channel for the various modulation formats is investigated. (Optisystem v 7.0) A simulation package is used to simulate the system. The simulation results show the effectiveness of using the polarization interleaving in decreasing the nonlinear effects. RZ modulation formats are found to give a better BER value than the corresponding NRZ formats but with a smaller value of the SE. Among the compared modulation formats, RZ-AMI and the RZ-DQPSK are the only formats that are found to give the optimal performance for high capacity WDM networks.

Applying automatic control on gantry cranes to move loads with minimal sway angle is considered as a challenge due to the crane system uncertain parameters and a robust automatic control is needed. In this paper a sliding mode controller is applied to overcome the crane system uncertainties and achieve the desired performance. Some labor is spent to transform the system to the regular form and an error function is written depending on the transformed variables then a switching function in terms of the error function is constructed and a sliding mode controller is designed to make the error function reach zero so the crane moves to the specified displacement with minimum sway angle. Stability analyses are provided to show that the system is stable under the control we proposed. Simulations are held by software to validate the effectiveness of our work and prove that the proposed control is successful in giving our system the preferred behavior then Results are discussed and some point view is to be put.

Cryptographic hash functions have been very significant primitives to the cryptography. They have been utilized widely in cryptographic applications and the most important of which is their use in the composition of efficient Message Authentication Codes (MACs). Cryptanalysts cannot break the encryption code authorization message because they could not generate the message sets without key predictors.
This paper introduces anew way to achieve hash code authorization message to increase the strength of the code, reluctance to Birthday attack, and key's exhaustive search. Secret key with randomness propertyis generated with the assistance proposed algorithm called AKG (Algorithm of Key Generator) that will be hash function. AKG is used to generate a secret key with decimal digits instead of (0,1).The proposed AKG introduces a method that uses three inputs of (0..9994) states instead of (0,1) states.The output of AKG is a random key from key generator using 9995 tables. So the new method provides authentic and integral properties.