Journal of University of Babylon

Is a dialogue between two teams on a subject for each of the parallels point of view contrary to the point of view of his opponent, the goal of showing the truth was not a discussion of a written note taught at the beginning of Islam, where there was no need to study this science for the safety of instinct and the Arabic language then, but the proliferation of Islamic conquests and the spread of Islam overlap With the Arabic language Other languages People needed rules to be bound by the discussion So blogging in this science became one of the most urgent needs and in order to defend religion and Sharia it became necessary to learn the arts of debate and debate was the first to distinguish these rules and make them independent science and classified the corner religion The scholars have proven that the study of this science is obligatory if it was done by some fell from the rest as we discussed in the course of the search for this science and ethics and special rules must be adhered to Almtazran away from the spasm and sectarianism and sectarianism because it is originally a collaboration between the two teams of symmetrical In order to find out the truth, these debates were repeated during the era of the faithful Imam Muhammad al-Baqir and Ja'far al-Sadiq (peace be upon them) despite their deep history, beginning with the era of the Messenger of Allah and the imams after him (peace be upon them) The truthful was the height of preaching During the reign of Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him), where he sat for the public and private, people from all countries came to him asking him about halal and haram and the interpretation of the Qur'aan, so no one came out of them except satisfied. Imam (peace be upon him) faced all the perverse currents and ideologies prevailing in his time Such as heresy, ignorance, isolation, algebra and opinion, and what results from these currents of misinterpretation of the Shariah, so he confronted them and discussed them in a number of ways, so that he deviated from their content in order to preserve the true religion and in order to learn from this great school and as a result of the importance of the science of debate and debate. Paul brothers, dear readers interest.

The research focuses on the derivative origin of the word "religion" and its uses in the Holy Quran. The research shows that the meaning of this word is organized by a precise intellectual system based on four pillars: God, slave, Sharia, and punishment.
In spite of the occasional softening of the word according to the context in which it appears, it does not depart from the general framework set by the linguists in their dictionaries.

Seen a recent years of the twentieth century remarkable development in different areas the information of the meeting , and other social sciences other in general has had the concept of sociology legal and its topics either great care of scientists many whether in the field of legal or social the fact that both the fields is connected the other closely it is possible that we apply sociology the study of legal system which saves the system in the community as well as the study the man of the law, which is heading face social legislation officer social with a special features in a state or community of a particular seeks more growth and progress to achieve the security and stability in the community and human with nature of the different but differentiated

The research importance can be summarized in the following points:
1. Drawing attention of the students to the activities that are performed by the teacher during the lesson, each of these activities includes (6) students according to their numbers.
2. Ruling out the traditional method that depends on names that normally focuses on poor or distinct specific students.
3. Developing the skill of social coexistence.
4. Developing the skill of thinking when one of the members is being chosen.
The research aim:
This research aims at knowing the teaching affect by using the strategy of the triple distinguished in the teaching of the Arabic Islamic civilization lesson for the fourth stage.According to this theory there is no difference between the students who study the subject of modern history by using numbered heads strategy and those who study the same subject by using traditional method at the level of (0, 05)
The research results:
The results of this research showed the superiority of experimental students group on both groups so the zero hypothesis has been rejected while the alternative hypothesis has been accepted.

The research revealed that the experience of Saadi Yusuf al-Sha'ariyya has carried out important social and environmental representations, expressed by the poet in various pictures. These representations were made by the poet's personal attitudes from his society first, and from his environment, which enjoyed a particular specificity. Secondly, the greatest thought is that these representations contributed in one way or another to crystallization An important part of Saadi Yusuf's experience, which is replete with multiple thematic features, deserves to be part of critical studies that reveal what lies beneath her exalted visions and attitudes.

The language in which the Quran came down is Arabic, and it is necessary to know the words and meanings of this language in order to understand the words of the Shariah and its evidence. This depends on their knowledge of the situation and the unity of the word and meaning and their participation, as well as the meanings of the words on their meanings as a sign of orders and prohibitions. To derive legal rulings from the evidence only by understanding the rules of the language, and the legal provisions that have been shown in the phenomena of the Book and the Sunnah depends on understanding the method of drawing on the commands and prohibitions and indications, because it proves the most provisions and the orbit of the assignment and the distinction between duty And other muslim man's land, and so on, and for that adopted a research study forbidding indication when fundamentalists Imami and applications of jurisprudence, the meaning of the prohibition and the substance and form of which depends upon a sign forbidding both in worship leads to corruption or in the transactions statement does not require it.

The rules of conflict in law are general and indirect rules. They don't provide substantive solu-tions to the dispute before the courts، because their task is to determine the relevant law. These rules seek to find appropriate and fair solutions between the parties. In order to achieve its goal some of them are flexible and others are rigid، not easy to be applicable، such as criteria based on territory of the state، or the principle of state sovereignty. The Iraqi legislator in the Iraqi civil Code 1951 had been adopt the latest theories and principles in the field of conflict of law theory in the field of comparative law. From that time until now، it has not changed، despite the im-portant developments that have occurred internationally since the second half of the last century in the economic، social and political fields as well as at the level of our country Iraq. This paper proposes to reconsider the importance of the conflict of laws rules in Iraqi private international law in accordance to the contemporary in developments and the growth of international private relations. The Iraqi legislature is obliged to respond the new developments and to review some rules of conflict of laws.

This research aimed to explore the nature of correlative relation between compulsory ability of mathematics teachers of preparatory schools and mathematics fluency for their students in Babel governorate.
In order to achieve the aim of research, it has been applying the following zero hypotheses:
1- There is no difference with a statistic evidence at evidence level of (0.05) between the real performance average and virtual performance average for the female and male teachers of mathematics in Babel governorate according to the compulsory test prepared for this fore-mentioned purpose.
2- There is no difference with a statistic evidence at evidence level of (0.05) between the real performance average and virtual performance average for the students of 4th scientific grade in Babel governorate according to the math. fluency test prepared for this fore-mentioned purpose.
3- There is no difference with a statistic evidence at evidence level of (0.05) between the compulsory ability for teachers of scientific 4th grade and the math. fluency of their students.
The population of research was determined with teachers of math. of preparatory schools in Babel governorate, then specifying female and male teachers of math. of scientific 4th grade and their students by arena to proceed the research, so sample of research of female and male teachers was (61) as (25) male teacher and (36) female teacher, while sample of students was (915) student, as (375) boys and ( 540) girls, means choosing (15) male and female students randomly from male students from male teachers and female students from female teachers. In order to collecting data related to the research, it has been building the following tests:
1- Testing the compulsory ability of teachers: consists of (10) testing items as (7) of article type and (3) of subjective type.
2- Testing the math. fluency of students: consists of (12) testing items as (11) of article type and (1) of subjective type.
Adequate statistical analyses have been proceeded to determine the discrimination, difficulty and easiness for items of the test, and make sure of the psychometric peculiarities for them. After relying upon the statistic tools to analyze results of applying the two tests like (T-test) for a correlated sample as well as the (T-Test) for two independent sample not correlated with each, Pearson correlating coefficient, Alpha Kronpakh equation, T-Equation to measure the correlation evidence, the results showed the following:
1- Female and male teachers of math. of scientific 4th grade in Babel governorate haven’t the compulsory ability if compared with the virtual medium.
2- Students of scientific 4th grade in Babel governorate haven’t the math. fluency in mathematics compared with the virtual level.
3- There is a strong positive correlative relation between the compulsory ability of teachers (male and female) and the math. fluency of their students.

Insurance is an effective factor in supporting commercial activities. The latter requires speed and flexibility, which requires providing procedures that are far from the administrative complications thatare an obstacle to the movement of commercial activities. Therefore, most countries are committed to linking the insurance services through the electronic market through Sale and purchase of insurance services through the Internet.
This process requires the provision of technical and technical requirements that help to spread the culture of electronic insurance, from the legislative system that supports the conduct of electronic insurance, there must be special provisions governing the provisions of insurance electronically.
Whereas the Law of Electronic Signature and Electronic Transactions No. 78 of 2012 has referred to the conduct of contracting operations electronically, which absorbs the legal basis for conducting the insurance process electronically, since the latter is one of the named contracts which can be absorbed by the above law, but noted that the insurance companies in Iraq Insurance is practiced in its traditional form only, which requires the promotion of the culture of electronic insurance in order to serve the economic development process and achieve the effectiveness of commercial activities.

The 21stcentury witnesses tremendous technological and organizational advances in world’s economy and societies. This has left a great impact on translation and translation studies. Corpus is a machine-readable representative collection of naturally occurring language assembled for linguistic analysis accessible with software such as, concordances that can find list and source of linguistic patterns. It lays the foundation of Corpus linguistics which makes it possible for translators and translation studies to make use of large quantity of stored data on computers for examining target language translations. Computer corpora includes spoken/written, casual/formal, fiction/non-fiction texts representing various demographic areas. The study aims at familiarizing student of translation and translators with the methods and practical applications of computer corpora in various fields of language use. The study reveals that Corpus data are essential for accurately describing various samples of language by showing how lexis, grammar and semantics interact to serve appropriate translation output.

This research aims to study (the transformations of dramatic character in Michael Roman's play texts). There is no doubt that the concept of transformation is one of the most important concepts that has attracted the attention of critics and researchers since Aristotle to the present time as it has a direct impact upon the dramatic structure and its various elements, especially in the dramatic character, which is the basis of the play text and the holder of its intellectual and artistic signs.
Play text is the most capable type of literary texts to embody the structure of transformation, in which the transformation finds a wide space for representation and achievement, and it is shown in the texts of the Egyptian playwright (Michael Roman 1924-1973) which kept pace with great transformations in different aspects of life after the revolution of 1952.
Therefore, this research is to study his play texts and reveal the transformations of his dramatic characters at the intellectual, psychological, social, spiritual and material level.
The fourth chapter includes the findings reached by the researcher including:
1- Transformation in the dramatic character that exists in a transformed reality such as the revolution of 1952 has emerged as a natural and inevitable feature.
2- Dramatic characters are characterized as problematic characters that are incompatible with their social environment, and are therefore in dire need for transformation.
3- Roman uses the artistic structure, theatre techniques and dramatic situations in a way that leads to transformation.
In addition, the researcher presented a set of conclusions that emerged from the research. Finally, this chapter is concluded with a set of recommendations suggested by the researcher to be considered in the future. We then mentioned the proposals, followed by a list of references

The present study aimed to identify the effect of the short story in the students of the first three grades of the primary stage on language fluency in the General Directorate of Education in the province of Baghdad / Rusafa III.
To achieve the research objective, the researcher formulated the following hypothesis: There is no statistically significant difference between the mean of the experimental group and the control group in the post-cognitive testing of the linguistic level at the level of significance (0,05).
The current study was determined as follows: (2017-2018, primary schools in the Directorate of Education of Rusafa III, grammatical concepts found in the branches of the Arabic language for the first three grades of the primary stage).
The research community consists of students of the second and third grades of primary school who study Arabic in the primary schools of the Directorate General of Education Baghdad, Al-Rusafa 3, for the academic year 2017-2018, the number of (12003) students distributed to (112) primary schools according to information obtained by the researcher From the Directorate General of Education.
(B) was chosen to be the experimental group, which taught Arabic grammar in short story mode, and was chosen to be the control group to which the material is taught according to the traditional method. The number of students in the division (43) students, and the number of students in Division (A) (43) students, after the exclusion of students retreating.
The researcher prepared a test in linguistic fluency, consisting of (40) paragraphs and was verified the validity and the coefficient of difficulty, and the strength of discrimination and stability. The researcher used the following statistical methods in his research procedures and analysis of the results: (T-test of two independent samples, square (Ca2), Pearson correlation coefficient, and Kronbach-alpha equation).
The researcher studied the two groups of research in the experiment, which lasted a full semester, applied at the end of the study tools, the results showed the following:
- The students of the experimental group who studied according to the short story style exceeded the pupils of the control group who studied according to the usual method in the grammatical subjects.
In light of the findings of the present study, the researcher concluded a number of conclusions, including:
The short story style is one of the most effective teaching methods in the teaching of Arabic grammar for students in the first three grades of elementary school. The average students' achievement was higher than that of students who were taught in the traditional way. Students of both sexes achieved almost equal achievement, indicating that the student's sex was not a significant variable in the teaching of language training using educational games.
2. The short story style leads to a variety of methods of presentation of grammatical subjects, resulting in a marked increase in the motivation of students in language fluency.
In light of this, the researcher made a number of recommendations concerning the study results, including:
1. Adopting the short story method in teaching the language exercises for students in the fourth grade because of its impact on students' achievement.
Emphasize the importance of the short story method in the teacher education curriculum, leading to a good understanding of this method.
2. Prepare a booklet for teachers that includes a number of short story shows and an explanation of how to prepare, use and evaluate them.

The research seeks to identify the Effect of using the debate strategy in the skill of evaluating the arguments among the students of the first grade intermediate schools of distinct students in biology.
The research was determined by the students of the first intermediate schools of distinct students of the Middle Euphrates provinces, which included (the center of the province of Qadisiyah , the district of Shamia, Babylon, Najaf, holy Karbala), and their number(377) students, the researcher choose the semi-controlled experimental design, and selected the secondary school for boys in the Directorate of Education of Al- Qadisiyah. The researcher prepare tool for this design, was to test the skill of evaluating the arguments, which consisted of (19) items in its final form distributed over three alternatives. , Where they were verified the validity by the coefficient of difficulty and discrimination, and reliability using Kronbach's Alpha as (0.75).
The result were: The students of the experimental group outweigh the students of the control group in the test of the skill of evaluating arguments. In light of the research results, the researcher recommended some recommendations.

The human being's communities have changed continuously for all life aspects. Especially after the industry revolution which leads to population density, knowledge, and technology development in the mass media and communications. The huge data processing revolution makes the world just small village after the amazing inventions are able to exchange the knowledge and information among the peoples; the civilization is progressing because of continuous feeding by multi-springs of human's knowledge such as intellectual, cultural, social and economical.
The geography has took part to this development by it has provided the students with knowledge, experience, improvement the skills and using the basic technologies as well as it has took part to build their personalities.
The Nations have opened out the development, progressive, and communication with past and benefit of it in the present to bright the future horizons; it always interests in their creative peoples especially the teachers to achieve the social philosophy widely. Because of the educational process can not achieve their strategy aims in all teaching stages only by the teacher is able to know the skills, its good performance, reading many of studies, symposiums and educational conferences which dealt with learning of geography materials and its skills. The results have shown that students at all stages suffered from difficulty in the acquiring of geographical skills; because of weakness of the geography’s material teachers (male and female) of these skills.
The researcher has realized that most of geography’s material teachers faced difficulties in the teaching and learning the geography’s skills, he found clear weakness in performance of these skills and their little interest in this vital aspect when they are studying geography, they are ensuring on the theoretical aspect without practical aspect in their teaching. This has side effects on the students; because we can not ask for the students good comprehension for geographical skills at the time when their teachers are unable to study the material and they have not knowledge and application background.
Here; the present study’s problem has come; the researcher has felt to need to make a study in title “evaluation of geographical skills for teachers of primary stage and he suggested a program to development it” to treatment a problem has limited by these studies. The problem is weakness ofmaterial’s teachers for geographical skills that leads to this study and needed to it.

The present study is concerned with examining persuasiveness from a pragmatic standpoint in some American Christian sermons about the USA elections 2016 basing on Aristotle's persuasive appeals and Grice's maxims. It includes qualitative as well as quantitative analyses to answer the questions of this study, fulfill its aims, and verify its key hypotheses. The findings have provided a new dimension added to the previous literature about the pragmatics of persuasiveness. Most previous studies on American Christian sermons concentrate on its theological aspects regardless of its pragmatic importance. Thus, the present study attempts to bridge this gap by offering a pragmatic analysis of American Christian sermons especially those about the USA elections to examine their persuasive effectiveness. The findings have shown that the persuasive appeal of pathos is highly resorted to by the American Christian preachers so that the congregation will be receptive to and convinced by the preacher's message. They also have shown that resorting to the strategy of the non-observance of conversational maxims means that American Christian preachers breach one or more of the conversational maxims to express their messages indirectly by the strategy of flouting and opting out. The study suggests executing further research works on the pragmatics of persuasiveness used in sermons by adopting different pragmatic theories and strategies.

It is not hidden that the Andalusia poetry is the color of oriental poetry. It does not deny his birth from his riches after he embarked on the establishment of a literary cultural personality that was combined with the intellectual, knowledge and cultural roots of the region. Yahiya Ibn al-Hakim was a poet of the first generation in Andalusia. He was born and raised in a political, cultural and intellectual environment was prepared and motivated to show this artistic Andalusia personality to make it parallel to its eastern counterpart, with many of its founding time difference. The use of technical mechanisms was one of the means that represent specifically and superior to the pioneering movement and dialogue being a prominent feature in the Ghazal as well as axiomatic Poetic cultural and intellectual superiority and made him a poet is a landmark in the Andalusia Arabic literature shining star in Andalusia and the Levant that one.

The study aimed to identify analytical study of the ethical implications of a book of literature and literary texts of the fourth in Iraq. The study sample consisted of a book of literature and literary texts of the fourth set of the 2013 school year and even the application of this study. The researcher analyzed the content of this book, revealing the moral implications involved in it. According Tkaradtha and percentages.
To achieve the objectives of the study was the use of content analysis, after the development of the moral implications that have been verified sincerity analysis tool, using the sincerity of the arbitrators.
The study results showed that the writers of literature and literary texts of the fourth in Iraq included (20) moral value, and was repeated (466) times.

The political movement in the Umayyad era was characterized by being a tribal Arab Arabism tribal society subjected to the policy of the sword and the group of Arab tribes loyal to them around, and this is without meeting the requirements of other groups, so these groups to adopt the idea of rebellion and get out of the circle of dependency, And their study requires the knowledge of the first side of the side represented by the political movement in the Umayyad era as the first engine of the rebellion of this category and then talk about the definition ofThe second aspect was an applied aspect of taking models of thieves' hair and analyzing them in a technical analysis based on the structure of these psycho-social poets and their greater motivation to transform their poetry into a clear challenge to the ruling authority.
The most prominent results of the research: the rebellion represents the rejection of reality with all its political, social and economic factors and an attempt to get out of this framework after the sense of pressure and oppression felt by the rebel is not a person is a man with reactions that differ from the reactions of others, and came the structure of this rebel group in multiple pictures sometimes Using the threat and intimidation and sometimes the method of cynicism and ridicule, and sometimes mixes the intellectual structure with the heroic side to produce a composite picture of the image of the insurgency.

This study was based on the study and analysis of the natural characteristics in the Mahaweel district. As a geographical study, it was concerned with the spatial variation of these properties and the spatial relations between them and their spatial distribution using data related to natural characteristics and their analysis using mathematical tables and their representation cartography. The research found that the natural characteristics of the Mahaweel district are natural elements with varied characteristics and spatial distribution, and the accompanying economic activities which reflect the nature of these characteristics. It provided the residents with opportunities for settlement, housing and stability in both urban and rural areas. And related activities. The natural environmental data facilitated the extension of the routes of the transport routes in Marouna between the administrative units of this judiciary on the one hand, and on the other with the neighboring urban centers, which contributed to the development of the commercial movement in the judiciary by virtue of this connection. The research concluded that the study area is distinguished by the importance of the site Which is located in the heart of the Middle Euphrates region. This is of great economic and political importance, and it is considered a positive data provided by the natural characteristics of the judiciary, which provides opportunities to apply various development plans in various fields easily and easily. This led to the length of the growth season, which allowed the rural population to carry out agricultural work over two long agricultural seasons, which in turn led to the diversification of agricultural crops produced in the judiciary. The study pointed to the availability of surface water resources, which compensated for the drop in rainfall in the judiciary. Resources The most natural characteristics influence population concentration and spatial distribution in the judiciary. The study revealed that the soil of the judiciary is a kind of sedimentary soils, which are part of the sedimentary plain soil, which contributed to the concentration of agricultural activity in the judiciary.

There is no doubt that any doctrine or party comes as a reaction for the previous ones, that is what the new variable's nature produces up to it's new philosophy, so objection comes in first time unintentionally and unplanned but later it sheds all innovators at that time with their all directions and trends no matter what if they are plastic, musician, story writers, novel or a play, all get affected anyway , that is what happened in the appearance of modernity latest of 19th century and beginning of 20th century and how it came as a reaction for all deliberated doctrines at that period and collapsed all huge narrative arts and shed lights on all that period's writers notably the Italian theatrical write LuigiBirandello, who wrote some his plays according to this new change, the research came with four chapters, first one dealt was methodical frame and dealt with research's problem that emanated from the current question:
(What are the philosophical concepts that could be relied on in exploring effects of modernity philosophy in the play scripts ofLuigi Birandello)?.Then importance of research and the need for it, also the target of research and its limits that were specified in spatial as in (Italy) and by time was the period (1910-1930), while subjective limit was determined by the following (The modernity and its reflections upon scripts of Luigi Birandello, then the end of this chapter by determining terms and defining them, second chapter was in two sections, first one was entitled with (modernity – by concept – philosophically), second section was entitled with (Cognitive and philosophical references for Luigi Birandello), to end the chapter with previous studies and group of indications that resulted from theoretical frame, while the third chapter (procedures of research) specified population of research to include (17) play the translated plays of Luigi Birandello, sample of research was chosen intentionally from the research population using depictive analytical method because it matches with nature of analyzing the sample, about the tool of research, the researcher relied on the indications that resulted from theoretical frame to finalize the chapter with analyzing the sample, results and conclusions were determined in the fourth chapterthe researcher was ended with list of references.

The research involves femininity, she began to talk and explore what was inside the female who had acquired the narration,as for the man, we found him a home, allowing the woman to speak for herself and on his behalf, it is not new to us, especially since history has borne us a model witnessed by the shahriar hearing of the stories of Shahrazad and his passion for the stories of fiction I signed him in the captivity of the hidden secrets he does not know its meaning nor its essence the narrative of the female has a narrative of what it entails what her life involves stories and secrets the community does not allow it to lead what is inside it, because it is a taboo that is silent ,and the novel that we are studying reveals to us the patterns rooted in the core of the Arab society, which tries to model women and the formulation of the template is not as she wants as a human being practicing his life freely,despite the evolution of the modern era and the emergence of changes in the perception of women, but we find that thereare still cultural roots that treat women less than men or rather that the restrictions imposed on them make us forgotten, this is what Khadija and sawsan told the novelist rizwaashour, this novel will allow us to identify a reality in which some distortions are governed by the masculine view embedded in the community culture, this study was studied in the cultural patterns inherent in the women's ability to escape or free from the traditions and societal norms .

After this tour in rehab Imam Al Hassan (peace be upon him) and his statement in his speech I would like to register these results:
1. The expression of the expression cannot be as accurate or accurate as the expression expressed or the case that it depicts for another expression does not reach in it's accuracy to the first expression, for example the lifting of the praise at the beginning of the book, as of reading the monument.
2. The grammatical values of the tools and the signs were shown in the research. The grammatical values in the relations of the compositions, Their inter relationship with each other, in terms of meaning, as well as in it's values and promises to elements or vocabulary in the past, as well as in the value pf pronouns and promises on the elements or vocabulary in the text, and this (…) has a clear impact in the linkage.
3. found in the speech of Imam Al Hassan (peace be upon him) clearly influenced by the Koran, as he was referring to the words of the wise as saying (peace be upon him).
4. The Imam (peace be upon him) suited the content of sermon and the innovations that began with, because these innovations speak of the fact the king is the whole God, and that he is able to remove him from the human beings, The King that the Sons of Amihah received is no doubt permanent. The Imam has nartured his relationship with his meanings, ie , any relationship between the sender and the consignee. According to this relationship, I use the method of conjugation with the disadvantages of illiteracy and injustice.
5. In the sermon of the Imam (peace be upon him) said ((you have been blessed with old and recent good deeds)), This indicated, in some ways, the incomplete extraplolation of the Haneen, since they did not take the word of the people of the house, This is due to political matters.

Alpherezdek is a great Islamic poet. He was advanced on his friends and contemporaries at most of the science, poetry and language folks, his poetry in praise was famous. The oratory in poetry is the existent proportion of the oratory mechanisms in poetry. The oratory is a phenomena of combining between poetry and orating, it can be seen prominent in Alpherezdek poetry especially praises of him and his poem in the praising of AL-Imam Zain AL-AAbideen (peace upon him) was sincerest of his praises where the oratory was prominent in it by availability of its constituents and the first of them can be represented with the mention of guides and proofs.

The health is basic and strategic aim and all states, organizations and individuals seeking to achieve it for safety and healthy life. Moreover, it is necessary to make all individuals major contributors in development efforts for their families and community.
Health is clearly effected by social environment which pushing person to depend specific methods for improve his health. So, the common behaviors in the social environment were became important part of his character. Also, this effect is clearly appear by the adoption of concepts contribute to the preservation of the psychological and physical health of individuals.
Therefore, social environment play an important role in creating health consciousness among individuals and standard behaviors which depending approaches and fixed vision for dealing with the individual's challenges to live their lives.

There is no doubt that wading in the writing of Arab Islamic history is very deep , especially the intellectual aspects, and that all that came to Ahlulbait (peace be upon them) of different sciences and in various fields, both in Quran and the reasons for the descent of verses and interpretation, Which was the focus of interest from all the Islamic world and from different sects and sects, where they were taught by the faithful Al Baqir and Sadiq (peace be upon them) many of the students who later became prominent scientists.

The current research dealt with the artistic education and it's relation with the moral intelligence in elementary schools, so best way to apply the goals of education is done via artistic education, the current research problem is defined by the following query:- (How much the extent of relation between the artistic education and growth of moral intelligence and what is the ability of artistic education to understand the right and wrong and creation of moral contents assist in acting properly?
The importance of the research as follows: The intelligence and moral intelligence have importance in the society in general and in schools particularly, the need for this research :- the need of educational thinking to contemporary philosophic and modern directions of art, the need to occurring of many changes on the artistic education in addition to the development of studies and researches in preparing the program in field of artistic education, the research was limited by the following (Temporal :2017-2018), (spatial limits : Iraq/ Babel), ( subjective : artistic education and relation with moral intelligence), the research aims to ( Identifying the artistic education and relation with moral intelligence).
The second chapter came with first section ( importance of artistic education in childhood stage) that relies on activity and playing directed in both teaching and learning process and confirm on importance of developing the skills of the child via individual and team activity
Most important results were:-
The psychological needs of pupils to feel they are awarded and appreciated by the nearby persons and feeling of his value, personality and confirming his ego via practicing on art of painting ( the artistic intelligence ) .
The pupil during painting takes the appearances of life and world, and he can manage them in a way that he can't do so in his normal life. Also he finds a desire to express his artistic instincts and perform a work he loves relying on his personality.
The artistic education (artistic intelligence) is considered one of the materials that take part in building the integrated character for the child and concern of moral intelligences for pupils and relation with the artistic education.
Artistic education is considered a necessity for pupils because it grants happiness for them and saturate their desires, and ease for them learning in different types and participate in building a complete personality for pupil and concern about the moral intelligence for pupil and relation with artistic education.
The artistic education is one of the basic reasons to integrate the growth of pupil intellectually and socially as it enrich the life of pupils and helps them to mingle and adapt with their society and the relation of that with moral intelligence for them.
Research conclusions:
It has been noticed that pupils are severe briefed on daily views and relations between things that resulted in ability to find a third dimension in process of painting for both sexes get close or far from prevailed moral cleverness.
Males and females tend to build a central construction in painting process (technical painting ) to reify the relation with the education.
Recommendations were :-
Make use of peculiarities of painting art for teenagers of both sexes due to artistic features of their paintings to show different types of moral cleverness and connected them to artistic education.
After studying the moral cleverness ( artistic cleverness) for the paints of pupils , then rely on the educational design prepared already in the field of artistic education in intermediate and secondary schools to participate in growing the ability of students in painting and connect it with artistic education.

While the suggestions were :
Proceeding a comparison between the moral cleverness of adult's paintings and pupils' paintings.
Proceeding a comparison study between the moral cleverness of two education levels (elementary school and preparatory school)
Doing a study to show relation of moral cleverness for students of secondary schools and their trends toward material of artistic education.
Proceeding a similar study for different ages of elementary schools to make the picture of moral cleverness is integrated for all artistic paints.

بعد ظهور دويلات المدن في بدايات الالف الثالث قبل الميلاد شهدت بلاد الرافدين صراعات عنيفة ومستمرة بين تلك الدويلات كان سببها الرغبة في السيطرة على الاراضي الزراعية ومصادر مياه الانهار مما دفع احد حكام تلك الدويلات وهو لوكالزاكيزي(2400-1370ق.م), لتوحيد تلك الدويلات تحت ادارته واعلان دولته المركزية ومنذ ذلك الزمان تكررت تلك التجارب على يد سرجون الاكدي وحمورابي البابلي(1792-1750ق.م) وسرجون الاشوري(721-705 ق م) ونبوبلاصر البابلي, ليخلدوا اعمالهم بتوحيد البلاد والتي كانت جزءاً اساسياً في بناء الحضارة العراقية القديمة.

The subject of Islamic doctrines and sects is one of the most important and controversial topics, because of its sensitivity in the Islamic community and the influence of sectarianism intolerance on the part of most of the artists who participated in this aspect of the Islamic heritage, which led to the formation of a rigid idea in this context and a hostile position to those who disagree with the doctrine. We have chosen the title (The bases of the counting of Islamic doctrines and sects and their classification among the authors until the end of the seventh century AH). We intended the authors of the articles who wrote on the subject of Islamic doctrines and sects, in order to identify the bases adopted by those writers in counting the Islamic doctrines and sects and classifying them and knowing their extent of reality. We found ourselves in front of a narrative material repeated by most of the authors generation after generation without analysis and scrutiny and without providing something new in it, especially with regard to the number of doctrines and sects in Islam and their classification based on this to their understanding and interpretation of the narrated Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) To the separation of the nation to seventy-three groups or their defend their own sects that they belong to. Trying hard to draw in the imagination of the Muslims that their division to which they belong is the survivor and that the followers of the other teams in the shadow and in hell.
And go who wrote on this subject as much as possible in the multiplication of doctrines and sects and bias in one way or another to the division that he belongs to in his faith and doctrine, so we found that it is necessary to know and understand the bases on which the authors built their laws in counting the doctrines and sects in Islam and their classification, it is illogical to read The difference in these books just like narrative reading without knowing the background of this; because this topic is one of the important topics in the past of Muslims and their present and future.
We have relied on the method of collecting, questioning and analyzing the material from its primary sources and conducting an objective scientific analysis to arrive at the truth. The research was based on an introduction, three topics, a conclusion, and a list of sources and references.
In the first part, we discussed the foundations adopted by the most famous authors of the third and fourth centuries AH in the counting and classification of Islamic doctrines and sects. In the second section, we discussed the bases adopted by the most famous authors of the fifth and sixth centuries AH in counting and categorizing Islamic doctrines and sects. In the third section, we discussed the most famous authors of the seventh century AH in the counting of Islamic doctrines and sects and their classification. We have chosen this period of time because the scientific material written by the most famous writers in this area is the basis on which it was adopted by those who came after them and built their structure in the statement of Islamic sects and sects. Then came the conclusion of the research to bear the most important results we have reached, followed by a list of sources and references that supported the research.
Through the research we found that the narrated hadith about the Prophet Muhammad (PBUM): "My nation will be divided into seventy-three division in in hell and only one survivor division," and this was the most fundamental basis on which the owners of articles in the counting of the Islamic doctrines and sects and their classification, but they refrained in explaining this hadith and they assigned in numbering of divisions and their classification until it reached to the required number and their assignment contrary to the law of development and natural facts to develop the groups had stopped during the first centuries in this field.
The basis for the authors of the articles categorizing the Islamic sects is inaccurate. Those who monitored this situation in the past of historians and jurists have been subjected to political or doctrinal factors which prevented them from objectively diagnosing them and monitoring this situation from the perspective of their sects and their belief that they are the true, And that the other teams in hell, ignoring the possibility of the emergence of Islamic sects after them which, had its presence and impact in the arena such as the Babi, Baha'i, Druze and Muslim Brotherhood and the Ansar al-Sunna and the Salafists and the Jihad and the Taliban and ISIS and Al-Nisrah and Boko Haram and others. The division of the sects was also incorrect for the authors of the articles to be affected by the nervousness and sadness of the opponents, and certainly the lack of health arises from the mention of teams that did not exist at all.
And through the reality experienced by the Muslim nation, we find the need to review the writings of the authors of the articles in the mention of the separation of the nation and the sects and doctrines that emerged in the framework of Islam and stand in front of the texts written and scrutinized and analyzed and criticized in scientific constructive and not to be regarded as sacred texts can not be touched Even if issued from the leaders of the authors, because those human beings afflict and make mistakes or may be influenced or fanatic in the tendency of their community and doctrine.

The crimes are different according to the different crimes, some of them are limited to traditional elements because they are consistent with the nature of the crime committed, including the need to add a special corner to the character of the actor and based on that idea, the crime of exploiting the job is not limited to traditional elements, but must be preceded by a special corner is the perpetrator, The law requires the offender to have a special status through which or through which to commit this crime. This is stated in the provisions of the Iraqi Penal Code No. (111) of 1969, the amendment of which indicates that the crime of exploiting the job is based on three The second element is the physical element of the conduct of the exploitation of the job and the obtaining of an illegal benefit or benefit under the public service, and the third pillar is the moral pillar (Criminal intent), especially that the crime of exploitation of the job is not limited to a specific country or society without a specific or a certain period of time, but rather linked this crime in various forms of the existence of human society has formed this crime is important and dangerous at various levels and in each country The world has called for the need to develop the appropriate legal formulas to deal with the provisions of this crim.

IbnHisham al-Ansari (d.761 e) learned from the flags of Arabia and the literature of his literature and his book (singer El-Labib for the books of the Aarib) the most prominent books, where IbnHisham deposited the secrets of expression and art. The study of probability is of great importance as it has more meanings and meanings in The light of the multiple possibilities to express the vocabulary in grammatical structures, we have noticed what we found in the book (singer of the Labib) of the abundance of grammatical possibilities in it, especially the probability of tools, and the extent of dependence on them and their implications, as mentioned in his book and to stand on the meaning of probability and its citizens and signs achieved Every time Expressionism.
We have divided this research into two sections:
The first topic: the possibility of two faces and divided into ((may) between the completion and the decrease - between Hijaz and Tamimi - between the connected and Masdarip - between the connected and described - (Kaff - Ali) between the literal and nominal - and between the passion and substance.
The second topic: the possibility of more than two aspects and included the subject: (was) between the completion and decrease and increase.
We have been in all of this due to the views of the previous IbnHisham and those who followed him, inquiring what was said in the tool from the faces of the appearance of the light in a specific text.

The subject of the research revolves around the extent to which the constitutional judge has the authority to supervise the amendment of the constitution and the extent to which the constitution grants this jurisdiction to the constitutional judge. There is a difference in the position of the constitutions towards this subjectbut even the constitutions granted by the constitutional judge this jurisdiction have also differed in the form of censorship granted to him to amend the provisions of the constitution between the previous censorship of the amendment of the texts as one of the procedures of amending the constitution to be presented to the constitutional judge as a precautionary measure to prevent violation of the competent authority to amend the restrictions amendment of the Constitution or Subsequent control of the amendment of the Constitution The scope of this control, whatever its type and form, varied to include the control of both substantive and formal restrictions, or only one of them, where the constitutions differed in their position on this issue.

It’san attempt to uncover the signs of pessimism of the chastity in the drawings of Alaa Bashir and to express the This study came to shed light on the importance of this iconological and its signs of pessimism in the productions and drawings of this artist (Alaa Bashir) To reach the goal of the research he studied, he identified the pessimism of Alaa Bashir's drawings. The research included four chapters, the first of which was devoted to the systematic framework of the problem of research and through the research objective. Know the representations of pessimism in the drawings of artist Alaa Bashir ..
And the period of time (1984 - 1999) in the works of art paintings painted with oil by the artist Alaa Bashir as well as the definition of the terms to which the research Know the representations of pessimism in the drawings of artist Alaa Bashir ..
And the period of time (1984 - 1999) in the works of art paintings painted with oil by the artist Alaa Bashir as well as the definition of the terms to which the research
Like the second chapter. Methodological Framework for Research. It contains four questions. Within the first subject. The concept of pessimism is philosophical. The second topic was about psychological pessimism. The third section included a summary of psychological indications of colors and lines. The fourth topic included the signs of establishing Iraqi art and the emergence of artist Alaa Bashir The third chapter included the research procedures in terms of limiting the community of induction and performance, which included the collection of information was adopted in a random manner (lot) and the number (5) samples of art paintings painted with oil) covered the limits of research using the descriptive approach for the purpose of analysis .
Finally, chapter four covered the findings and conclusions of the research in light of its objective. And its relevance to the framework of the theoretical and the most important of those results.
1. The adoption of some images of pessimism on the properties of construction is not familiar as the departure of the correct anatomical proportions and distortion of the shapes and distortion and the adoption of the perspective under the level of consideration Alike the cool and neutral colors and the use of straight lines, horizontal and water and fractured
2. Professional works investigate the symptoms of pessimism of anxiety and sex complex psychological and misery and war and depression Edam and stocks of secrets and desires and instincts formed in the spirituality of the artist as in the sample number (holder flag)
The fourth chapter also supports the actor and the proposals from them
1. The need for the attention of the foundations of studies and developmental research to the cultural treasures of the Iraqi technical works and their degree within the framework of the methodological.
2 - pessimism and its significance between Iraqi art and postmodern arts.

Iraq witnessed in 2014, the largest wave of emigration, forcing about more than 2 million people to flee their homes in search of security because of the control of the extremist terrorist organization (isis) on some of the governorates of Iraq, including Mosul Governorate.
The problem of forced displacement (migration) of the challenges before the international and regional arena, the problem arose because of the international armed conflicts or non-armed international conflicts and the consequent effects of the phenomena is difficult to deal with, and pose a risk to the civilian population and the results of the tragic exodus because it is a violation of the principles of human rights and international humanitarian law so that the international community deal with the crisis in accordance with the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the Additional Protocols of 1977 access to political and economic stability and security.

Language is one of the most important pillars of human life and existence. It is the instrument of understanding and expression of the feelings and emotions that surround it. God has given it to man to be the primary means of building his life and society. This is the natural tool for the members of society to reveal what they think. And communication, this indicates its important social role.
The Arabic language is the language of the Holy Quran, the national language of the people of the Arab nation, to which all Arabs are proud and proud, and which depend on them in the collection of information and therefore must take the first place in education.
In spite of the many factors that intertwine and lead to this apparent weakness in the expression, but one of the important reasons in the view of the researcher due to the lack of care of teachers in the detection of the effectiveness of the use of teaching models proved to be sufficient in teaching, all prompted the researcher to conduct his current study The use of the Thilin model in the teaching of expression and the detection of its impact in expression performance, which contributes to the treatment or mitigate the problem, to serve our Arabic language.
In order to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher randomly selected Al-Fayhaa prep school for boys. In the random sampling method, he chose (B) to represent the experimental group that taught the expression in the Thilin model, and (A) represents the control group that studies the expression in the traditional way. (33) students in each group.
The researcher conducted an equivalence between the students of the two groups in the following variables: (the age of time calculated in months, their performance in expression,).
The researcher identified the subjects studied during the period of the experiment after presenting them to a group of experts and specialists. The researcher prepared teaching plans for the subjects to be taught during the period of the experiment and the researcher presented two model plans to selected experts and specialists to determine their validity and relevance.
The researcher studied the two groups of research during the period of the experiment and after the end of the experiment, the researcher applied the expression performance test to the students of the two groups.
The researcher used the following statistical methods: (Z-Test) for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, and after analyzing the results, the researcher reached the following:
1.The students of the experimental group who studied the expression material using the thilin model were superior to the control group students who studied expression in the traditional way in the expressive performance test.
The researcher concluded that the students responded to the Thilin model in teaching and interacted with him and the results showed that.
The researcher concluded a set of recommendations:
1. The Thilin model should be used in teaching expression, because it has a role in improving expression.
2. The importance of teaching the expression should be given special importance in proportion to the place of expression among the branches of the other Arabic language and not to convert it to another lesson for another branch of Arabic or another lesson for a subject other than Arabic.
He suggested the following:
1.Conduct a similar study on the fourth grade students in the expression, because the current research was limited to students
2. Conducting a similar study to investigate the effect of the Thilin model in the development of creative thinking among students of the fourth literary.

If we review the recently published judicial aggregates in Iraq, we will find the growing phenomenon of judicial separation between spouses, which is carried out by the judge of the Personal Status Court, without the consent of the husband, although the origin in ending the marital relationship, be through divorce by the husband.
The current Imami jurisprudence considered the judicial separation in the Personal Status Court is a false and illegitimate dispensation, due to several reasons, which can be divided into two parts, concerns the lack of legal conditions in the judge and the illegality of the legal reasons on which the judge of the Personal Status Court is based.
As a result of the serious effects on the family entity, due to the illegality of the judicial separation, according to current Imami jurisprudence, the research recommends to end the double legal systems in Iraq, from Western law and Islamic Sharia.

This research deals with the problematic nature of the intellection visions that are formed by the poets about the death from a collective perspective and we mean the collective of the vision of death contained in the poetry of the lament of cities and the lament of religious symbols such as Imam Hussein (peace be ubon him). Since the vision of death formed in the mines of poets should be distinct and different when it comes to important and collective symbols and a community like the city and Ahalbait (peace be ubon them) which we tried to follow him for discovering the poetic vision was simple and its temperament do not live up to the level of tragedy that hit Baghdad or tragedy of Karbala. the living reality of the crisis that afflicted the Arab culture in the middle ages was fueled by its poetic culture and its moral quality until it became flat and low-handed about achieving high technical standards.