Journal of Al-Ma'moon College

It is necessary for everyone concerned with education and a specialist in teaching regardless of his specialization or trends to extrapolate history to take lessons from experiences of the past nation and people. Regardless of nationalism, race or religion, he or she must be objective to take such experiences that full of bright images and rich characteristics in various types of sciences and knowledge to add a lot to his culture and knowledge. How wonderful of knowledge is when mixed with the experiences of the ancients and their sciences to formulate later in mature way and draws more sophisticated and to be open to the rest cultures and scientific and human trends.
In this study, we review the education and teaching systems of the first civilization known to the mankind in Mesopotamia. To the present time, this civilization stands with proud to what it has of different sciences in the various fields and it left immortal history full of achievements in the face of the continuous development in the world now.
We notice that the policy or culture of quality that the different institutions of the world countries try apply and promote it today was there in the educational system of Mesopotamia as will be shown in this research. No wonder of that amazing scientific achievements Mesopotamia people who live from seven thousand years B.C and left cultural heritage full of values, principles and different sciences. There are still lots of their sciences and experiences which are not be discovered till now and it is wished to be discovered to add them to what is discovered before which be exposed in museums of many states. The research has been divided into two sections, the first is titled: the education in Mesopotamia while the second is the education in the late Ottoman era and in the British mandatory 1921-1932 in addition to the introduction. Conclusion, references and bibliography

When the international community's interest in human rights increased, ways and means were searched for that would guarantee the dignity and respect for those rights. Among those means are judicial guarantees for the protection of human rights, which came after great efforts by specialists who stressed the necessity of effective monitoring that guarantees respect for human rights. and not violate it regionally,
Among the means established for these judicial guarantees are the African Court and the Arab Court, and an explanation of the role that each of them plays in the field of protecting human rights regionally, by studying the cases brought before it and protecting the rights of the largest possible group of individuals

The research aimed to clarify the true significance and the shifting significance of the words (the visual sense) mentioned in the Holy Qur’an, and dealt with them according to the descriptive analytical method in an applied study on linguistic texts in the contexts of the Qur’anic text, in an attempt to achieve a detection of the semantic shifts from the lexical ones that were It has a lexical origin. Our endeavor in this research to adopt the textual context after it was a reason for lexical shifts, and to reveal the semantic levels that distinguish linguistic structures and structures, such as synonymy, verbal cognates, derivation, and metaphor.

Before the test, two types of environmental pollution were carried out: air and electric shock: the difference between imported and diesel and gas pollution correction was found in cases of concentration of foreign elements (soot, Pb, SO2), visible in the vicinity of the pollution. , NO, CO) electric power going beyond the diesel engine and at times beyond what the public expects.% (10%) of diesel fuel comes from carbon monoxide emissions. Gas turbines contain more than the recommended population limit (35 ppm). Lead correction is not enough for diesel. However, due to the use of diesel engines, lead levels have gone beyond the level required by the public (1.5 μg/m3). The pollution concentration from SO2 production in electricity is not much different, and the processing of SO2 pollution from diesel production is higher than the population limit (0.1 ppm) due to diesel engine. NO emissions from diesel engines. The accumulation of particulate matter that causes gas is not the cause of diesel emissions; The main problem in diesel engines is odor and smoke. When contaminated, the sound pressure level decreases from (6-7 dBA) as the distance between the source and the listeners multiplied by, which means that the sound pressure level is suitable for Ugartmia and is at a lower rate ((6-7 dBA)) WHO The required distance was created by multiplying the distance between markets far and away from the natural noise limits (50-55 dBA) (duration was 16 hours) and the (EPA) limits for local Iraqis (80 dBA).

This research aims to identify the extent to which the change leadership style is applied in achieving the requirements for developing the behavior of subordinates in the General Telecommunications Company in Baqubah, and to identify the extent of the factors and variables that affect the application and practice of the change leadership style in the General Telecommunications Company. The research problem was in the form of research questions: “What The extent to which change leadership influences the development of subordinates’ behavior and is there a significant relationship between the two variables? The researcher chose the two hypotheses (there is a statistically significant relationship between applying the change leadership style and achieving the requirements for developing the behavior of subordinates) and there is a relationship between the effects of change leadership in achieving the development of subordinates’ behavior. The research relied on the descriptive analytical approach and the use of the statistical package (SPSS) to analyze the data. 60 questionnaires were distributed intentionally, of which 44 were retrieved. A number of results were reached, the most important of which was showing that the practice of the change pattern leads to developing behavior in the General Telecommunications Company. It was also shown that there were some obstacles and limitations. Which affects the application of the change leadership style in the General Telecommunications Company The research reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which are activating a leadership style for change and its practice for the company under study. Addressing the obstacles and determinants that affect the application of the change leadership style. Paying attention to developing behavior as a path to achieving the change leadership style.

The world has always witnessed many incidents of terrorism, to the point that it threatens society and peoples by destabilizing security and stability, and even became more terrifying when it developed from traditional terrorism represented by unorganized operations and sabotage and gradually became transformed into organized international terrorism, with the help of advanced means and with the support of some countries for it. In an indirect way, terrorism was not limited to a specific form. Today, the world witnesses many types and forms of terrorism, including electronic and intellectual terrorism, and even media terrorism, which occurs through incitement to violence, washing ideas, diverting the individual from his trends, values, behavioral patterns, and convictions, and adopting other new values that are imposed on him. By any entity, whether an individual, group, institution, or country.
When the issue of terrorism became important, international efforts came together, especially at the beginning of the twentieth century. The international community searched for solutions to combat it through the cooperation of many countries and with the assistance of international and regional organizations. Countries confirmed this by enacting national legislation to eliminate terrorist acts and combat them in various ways.
Terrorism caught the attention of the international community and gave it great attention, especially after the occurrence of many terrorist incidents. States later realized their responsibility for terrorism as a result of the illegal actions they carried out against other countries as well as against the subjects of international law. International efforts resulted in the idea of establishing courts specialized in eliminating terrorism. International courts, including the International Court of Justice, played an important role in dealing with many terrorism cases. From this standpoint, and as a result of developments, international legislation established foundations and principles to eliminate international terrorism.

The breast cancer is a common disease in females, which causes death in women these days. Every year, an increase in cancer rates is recorded by about 4.5-5% in all countries of the world. The early detection of breast cancer leads to an increase in the survival of those affected through diagnosis with mammography to provide appropriate treatment at the right time. With an X-ray, the breast is imaged by a radiologist, to be diagnosed and monitored by an oncologist to provide further treatment. Delay in diagnosing breast cancer leads to the spread of the disease in the body and thus reduces the chances of those affected surviving. Thus, utilizing machine learning to detect and diagnose breast cancer makes the process of identifying the disease more effective. This does not mean dispensing with the doctor, but rather helping him to understand the condition better and detect it early. This paper provides a summary of disease detection of breast cancer in those affected using machine learning techniques to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of prediction. Accuracy of disease diagnosis and accuracy of classification are the main objectives.

Social media platform-based cybercrimes pose a wide range of dangers and problems in today's society. This study examines several well-known cybercrimes, such as phishing, fraud, inciting hate speech, and digital extortion, that are made possible by social media. These crimes increase societal conflicts by disseminating unpleasant material, jeopardize confidentiality and individual security, tricking users with false adverts, and using obtained sensitive information for extortion. Because of how common these crimes are, there is a need for strong mitigation and preventive measures because they constitute a serious threat to society and erode faith in communication platforms.

The current paper aims to try to find solutions to eliminate the aforementioned confusion through its main paragraphs, starting with the first section of it, including the concept of multi-level theory, focusing on building modern leadership theories (spiritual, ethical, and servant leadership). In organizations that seek excellence performance, especially since many organizations emphasize the study of the impact of leadership levels of its contemporary types for survival, prosperity and competition in the labor market. Regarding the second section of the paper, I turned to what are high performance organizations by their dimensions (commitment of senior management, strategic planning, focus on Customer, measurement and analysis, workforce focus, process focus, and results. While the third section devoted itself to presenting, analyzing and interpreting the results, the research sample consisted of (115) individuals who were randomly taken from the employees of the Zain Communications Company for searching where the research concluded a set of conclusions, including. Ethical leadership represents a strong driver for promoting values, an ethical role model for employees and a model for everything that supports the company's reputation and mental image among stakeholders and society