Al-Bahith Journal

Metaphor is a highly significant topic in literary criticism, particularly in traditional ancient studies, as it provides clear insight into the mechanisms that the ancients used to judge and critique texts. Many of these mechanisms are similar, if not identical, to those used in modern literary criticism. Therefore, studying these texts as a heritage witness to the awareness and integration of our ancient critics is important.
Al-Alawi studied metaphor as a mechanism for Balance in studying the texts of Amir Al-Mu’minin Ali bin Abi Talib and other Arab texts. He concluded that the words of Amir Al-Mu’minin were superior to all other words except for the words of Allah and His Prophet Muhammad, relying on metaphor criticism mechanisms.
The current study focuses on the examples cited by Al-Alawi in the field of metaphor from the words of Imam Ali and those of the Arabs. The study also incorporates what Al-Alawi criticized as being not carefully pronounced by its speakers; thus, Amir Al-Mu’minin Ali bin Abi Talib’s words were purified from it.

This paper highlights some Quranic evidence that supports the availability of the Language Acquisition Device (LAD) in the first language acquisition process. The study was inspired by the psycholinguistics perspective and a qualitative research design was adopted. The data which were collected through reading the Qur’an were analyzed through content analysis techniques. The content of the data was analyzed through the views of many Islamic scholars. The study found the following verses to support the availability of LAD in the first language acquisition: Q2:31, Q55:1-4, Q23:78, Q76:2, Q17:36, Q16:78, Q32:9, Q67:23: These verses showed that it is God Almighty that provides children with an inbuilt and biological language learning ability, thus, he lead them to acquire their mother tongue in a matter of a few years. They also highlight the role of linguistic data (environment) that a child comprehends throughout the stages of language development.

One of the most major influences on learning a foreign language is intelligence, and interpersonal intelligence is considered one of the eight intelligences that is thought to be vital in learning a foreign language. It is crucial to know the types of intelligences, their differences, and their connection to students' learning in order to adopt and develop educational strategies that are compatible with this disparity. The current study investigates the correlation between interpersonal intelligence and speaking Performance of Iraqi EFL preparatory school students. Data is collected from 200 sixth grade EFL preparatory school students. They include 100 males and 100 females. Two tools, a questionnaire and an interview, have been employed in the current study to fulfill its objectives. A questionnaire by Thomas Armstrong (1995) which is adopted to find out students' interpersonal intelligence, and constructed speaking performance test to assess students' speaking skill. The findings indicate that Iraqi EFL preparatory school students' interpersonal intelligence and speaking performance are low, and there is a substantial correlation between students' interpersonal intelligence and their speaking performance.

This paper examines the grammatical structure of the sentence in English and German. It shed a light on grammar and grammatical structure. It aims to clarify the similarities and differences in the grammatical structure of English and German. The first section is concerned with the definition of grammar and structure, and the structure of sentence in English language. It focuses on the parts of speech, word order, types of sentences, verbs in English, and tense. The second section deals with the grammatical structure of German concerning parts of speech, word order, sentence types, tense, and German verbs.

The method of morphological interpretation is one of the methods of lexical interpretation, and it is distinguished from other fires by the statement of the morphological meanings of the vocabulary contained in the dictionary and the interpretation Is to be interpreted, and the reading of the heritage dictionaries confirms that they include many examples, but the care of modern dictionaries in this way exceeds the care of what they provide from the dictionaries, especially (the dictionary in language, grammar, morphology, expression and scientific, philosophical, legal and modern terms).
The study obtained an introduction and an extension, and then it was supplemented with three demands that the study revolved around, and it was collected under the title (morphological interpretations, and their effect on lexical facilitation), and then followed by a ring that floated on a number of results that the researchers stood colored with a list of proven for research resources. The preamble comprised writing a brief overview of the concept of interpretation and its importance to the lexical industry, as for the demands revealed the first about: the morphological interpretation of the structures of abstract and more abstract verbs, the second about the morphological interpretation of the structures of the sources, and the third about the morphological interpretation of the structures of derivatives, and so on what will be detailed in the research, and God bless him.

The natural geographical components are of economic, political and military importance in building the strength of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Based on this, Vietnam is located in Southeast Asia and occupies the eastern part of the Chinese-Indian Peninsula and represents an excellent location. One of the most prominent findings of the study is that there is a major natural impact on geographical nationalities, such that it affected the weight of the Yemeni state on the one hand and the geographical neighboring countries on the other hand, and that the Socialist Republic of Vietnam derived the elements of natural power from its important locations, as it is located between two countries of latitude (10 -16)0 north and nine times the length of (50 and 107)0 east, and this means that the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is located in the administrative region, so this historical and cultural heritage was taken, and this affects various areas of economic and social life. According to the standards of political geography, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is considered a medium-sized country in area according to the American Geography Pounds classification. However, the area is 331 thousand km2, and this area affects Vietnam by increasing the area of agricultural land, and this has led to the development of economic activity in it. . The abundance of rain, direct temperature and relative humidity are factors that have contributed to the widespread spread of natural plants in Vietnam. It has an abundance of water resources, including many rivers, which reach more than 2,360 rivers. Vietnam also provides mineral resources such as niger, anthracite, phosphate, iron, copper, chromium, zinc, lead, manganese, silver, tungsten, titanium, and bauxite. It has a mineral role in the large industry in Vietnam and exporting its benefits abroad. These resources were an essential factor in building the strength of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

The current research aims to find out the effect of the (W.T.T) strategy on historical love among second-year middle school female students. For the purpose of achieving the goal of the research, the researcher formulated the following null hypotheses:
1- “There are no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the average scores of the female students of the experimental group who are studying social studies using the (W.T.T) strategy and the average scores of the female students of the control group who are studying the same subject using the regular method in the post-historical curiosity scale.”
2- “There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the female students of the experimental group who are studying social studies using the (W.T.T) strategy in the pre-post scale of historical curiosity.”
To verify the validity of the hypotheses, the researcher chose an experimental design with partial control for equal groups. For this purpose, she chose a random sample of female students in the second intermediate grade at (Al-Hurriya Girls) Secondary School affiliated with the General Directorate of Education of the Holy Karbala Governorate for the purpose of implementing the experiment during the academic year (2022-2023).
After that, the researcher began to prepare the research tool, which was the Historical Curiosity Scale, which consisted of (30) items, graded in response according to a three-point Likert scale, distributed into five areas. To analyze the results, the data was collected and then processed statistically, by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Analyzing the results statistically, the researcher found that there were statistically significant differences in the responses of the sample members and in favor of the experimental group, which studied using the (W.T.T) strategy in love, the historical survey, over the control group, which studied according to the usual method, which means that the female students of the experimental group were superior to the female students of the control group. In the historical love test.

Political elections (presidential or parliamentary) are an indicator of the development of society, the awareness of its people, and the extent of the ability of democratic government institutions to implement their approach to managing the country, thus giving legitimacy to the existing regime, and its ability to grant independent political decision-making. Elections represent the people’s fundamental vision to bring society and the country to its development. Overall, and hence the elections were closely linked to the democratic reality.
After the American occupation in 2003, Iraq witnessed a development in the political approach followed in the country, but the majority of political parties did not have a clear comprehensive national idea, and most of their opinions still fell under sectarian, religious and nationalist thought, with the aim of achieving the interests of this sect or nationality away from the interest of Iraq. And the Iraqi citizen, and this is what has increased the sectarian and nationalist rift in the country, especially since political success most of the time depends on loyalty to sect or nationalism, and this is what led to the existence of a political class that depends for its survival on religious or national loyalty, and stays away from adopting national behavior to achieve The supreme interest of the nation, and thus the United States of America achieved its goal of imposing a sectarian political system to continue its dominance over the sovereign decision-making in Iraq.

Political elections (presidential or parliamentary) are an indicator of the development of society, the awareness of its people, and the extent of the ability of democratic government institutions to implement their approach to managing the country, thus giving legitimacy to the existing regime, and its ability to grant independent political decision-making. Elections represent the people’s fundamental vision to bring society and the country to its development. Overall, and hence the elections were closely linked to the democratic reality.
After the American occupation in 2003, Iraq witnessed a development in the political approach followed in the country, but the majority of political parties did not have a clear comprehensive national idea, and most of their opinions still fell under sectarian, religious and nationalist thought, with the aim of achieving the interests of this sect or nationality away from the interest of Iraq. And the Iraqi citizen, and this is what has increased the sectarian and nationalist rift in the country, especially since political success most of the time depends on loyalty to sect or nationalism, and this is what led to the existence of a political class that depends for its survival on religious or national loyalty, and stays away from adopting national behavior to achieve The supreme interest of the nation, and thus the United States of America achieved its goal of imposing a sectarian political system to continue its dominance over the sovereign decision-making in Iraq.

The research dealt with the subject of dusting residential streets into commercial ones and their negative effects in the city of Karbala, and the aim of the research is to identify the factors causing the change and to reveal the effects of that change in the urban structure of the city, as it prompted many residents in these streets and those close to them to leave them and move away from them in order to preserve On the safety of families due to their loss of residential privacy, and the research confirmed that job competition is in favor of commercial use, as it came based on ill-considered laws and government decisions issued before 2003. By transgressing the spirit of the basic design within the city of Karbala by launching commercial use in a number of the main residential streets in the city to give legal justifications for the development of services or commercial activities, but this procedure was a prelude to urban chaos, which made the residential streets lose their privacy, and the housing units overlooking the main streets became Or those close to it are attractive to investors in order to convert them into economic activities due to the economic factor in order to reap large profits. As well as social, environmental and demographic factors, which contributed to the acceleration of change in its residential streets and negatively affected its urban structure from the environmental, social and economic aspects. The functional change of residential use led to a violation of the social privacy of families within residential neighborhoods, as well as pressure on infrastructure services in the city of Karbala.