Engineering and Technology Journal

Exchange of information through the channels of communication can be unsafe. Communication media are not safe to send sensitive information so it is necessary to provide the protection of information from disclosure to unauthorized persons. This research presented the method to information security is done through information hiding into the cover image using a least significant bit (LSB) technique, where a text file is encrypted using a secret sharing scheme. Then, generating positions to hiding information in a random manner of cover image, which is difficult to predict hiding in the image-by-image analysis or statistical analyzes. Where it provides two levels of information security through encryption of a text file using the secret sharing and the generating random positions of hiding. This method has been in hiding a text file and recovered without loss of information, as well as not noticing any deformation of the image. Where it was hiding a text file size of 20 KB in image cover (250x250) pixels, the result of MSE is 0.696 and PSNR is 49.211.

Four different ratios of composites were prepared by varying the wool glass, at different additive weight percentages (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 wt. %) in order to study the effect of glass wool reinforcement on mechanical and chemical properties of GW-reinforced polyester composites. The vacuum bagging technique was adopted for the fabrication of hybrid composite materials. Afterword many mechanical properties as hardness, impact resistance, and compression resistance for these hybrid composites were evaluated according ASTM Standards. The mechanical properties were improved as the fibers reinforcement content increased in the matrix material. The chemical properties were improved as increased the weight of glass wool. The chemical and mechanical properties have been increased for maximum value when glass wool fiber has reached 0.6% wt.

Current work is aimed to preparation the nanocomposites laminates of low density and good durability to use in structural applications. So, in this paper, the preparation and compare of some mechanical properties of two groups of tri-polymer blends composites consisting of ((93% unsaturated polyester resin (UP)+(5%PMMA) (Poly methyl methacrylate)+2%NR (Natural Rubber)) as the matrix materials. Added the reinforce materials (silica (SiO2) and zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles) individually, with different volume fraction of (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5%) to the ternary polymer blends according to the following formula:- [((100-X) (93%UP)+2%NR+5%PMMA): (X%SiO2 or X% ZrO2)] The first group is composed of matrix material reinforced with zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles with average diameter of nanoparticles (56.88nm) and the second group is composed of matrix material reinforced with silica (SiO2) nanoparticles with average diameter of nanoparticles (24.59nm). Then used as a matrix material for the preparation of hybrid laminar composites materials, reinforcement with one and two layers of woven carbon fibers The research included the study of the influence of volume fraction of nanoparticles on some of mechanical and physical properties like flexural strength, flexural modulus impact strength, and impact fracture toughness, in addition to test infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and all of these tests were carried out at laboratory temperature. Search results have shown that the values of (flexural modulus and impact strength and fracture toughness) increases with the increase of the nanoparticles ratios in polymer blend nano composite of prepared samples. While flexural strength value decreases with the increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles in polymer blend nano composite. The fracture energy of the of hybrid laminar composites is higher than those containing only the nanoparticles powders. Morphology test by scanning electron microscope indicates that a good adhesion or interfacial interactions between the Nano powders particles, carbon fibers and components of ternary polymer blend. Which results in higher the carbon fibers efficiency factor, and hence higher mechanical strength. So, the hybrid laminar nano composites, which appear high flexural modulus and impact strength and fracture toughness, can be foreseen to provide valuable contribution to high performance structural applications.

In this research, a watermark algorithm is proposed to embed a secret message in a digital video. The proposed algorithm exploits edges and corners regions in images, to be hosts for hiding secret bits. Embedding in these regions is consider optimal since these regions featuring with colors variation, so embedding will not effect on uniform distribution of colors, and on transparency requirement. The process of embedding and extracting watermarked massage is implemented by decomposition digital video to several images (frames), then selecting the edges and corners regions to be host locations, Least Significant Bit (LSB) techniques are used to embed watermarked message in images of digital video. Investigations results proved that number of hidden bits in corner region is small in comparison with edges regions, but it is harder to detect. Text message before embedded in video frames is encrypted by Advanced Encryption Algorithm (AES) to increase security and robustness of watermarking process.

In this work, the effects of geometries of stainless steel electrodes used in electrolytic analysis cells were studied. These cells are used for preparation of metallic nanostructures. These effects can be observed by studying energy transfer characteristics of electrolytic cell as the electric field and current density are determined by its electrode geometry. Four electrode geometries were used in this work.

This research is devoted to study the effect of a laser beam power TEA-CO2 , Nd- YAG laser, and thermal properties of the materials when it is constant once and varying another once with the time on the penetration and cutting speeds. It is concluded that the processes of penetration and cutting by using laser Nd-YAG is the best comparative with using of laser TEA-CO2, penetration speeds when (P = P0, C = C0, and ρ = ρ0) by using laser Nd-YAG greater than penetration speeds by using of laser TEA-CO2 by 15.5 approximately while penetration speeds when (P = P(t), C = C0, and ρ = ρ0) by using laser Nd-YAG greater than penetration speeds by using of laser TEA-CO2 by 8.519 approximately. In addition, the temperature of the evaporation of material plays an important role in the processes of penetration and cutting and whenever temperature of the evaporation of material less the cutting and penetration speeds are greater. (MATLAB 8) program was implemented for all simulation processes are related.

The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of using C-reactive protein (CRP) and the level of CRP in serum sample as a marker for patients with poisoning thyroid gland disease. In addition, the relationship between inflammation and poisoning thyroid gland. About 21 of serum samples were examined from patients with poisoning thyroid gland (aged between 14 and 60 years old). Qualitative test was done to detect the presence of CRP in the patient’s serum. The qualitative test showed that 21(100%) patients with poisoning thyroid gland give positive result to CRP. The HPLC analysis done to determine the concentration of CRP in patient's serum. The HPLC analysis showed that the level of concentration for CRP in serum between (6.4-9.49mg/l). According to the results of the present, the significant changes in the levels of CRP for the patients with thyroid disorders observed in current study confirm that inflammation has an important role on pathogenesis of thyroid dysfunctions regardless of their thyroid dysfunction type. As well as the present study shown that, the CRP is a useful marker for patients with poisoning thyroid gland.

CAPTCHA is the facility that prevents web bots from accessing the web services by generating tests to check whether the user is human or computer program. In this paper, a new pseudo-random bits generator based on chaotic system is offered to generate Arabic letters and numbers for CAPTCHA system. The proposed generator uses two Jacobian elliptic Chebyshev rational maps that are combined in the algorithm to produce a block of 32bits in each iteration. A specified number of bits are selected from the resulted blocks to be converted to a set of Arabic letters and numbers. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) statistical test suite are used to assess the generator randomness, all tests has been passed except Longest Run of Ones in a Block Test, Binary Matrix Rank Test and Random Excursions Test.

Indium Oxide (In2O3) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were mixed carefully with gold nanoparticles, which were synthesis, by turkevich method. By using the method of spray pyrolysis different concentrations (5:5:0 ml, 5:4:1 ml, 5:3:2 ml, 5:2:3 ml, 5:1:4 ml and 5:0:5 ml) from these chemical compounds were used to preformed nanocomposite thin films of thickness of (250-300) nm. The structural properties were studied for all nanocomposite thin film samples with different concentrations. The existence of Miller indices conforms to (211), (222), (400), (333), (440) and (622) major lattice planes of the cubic spinel phase of In2O3 at 2θ =20.17, 33, 44.66, 50.95, 59.02, 72.48 and 73.12. While secondary lattice planes of (100) and (002) of ZnO at 2θ = 31.5582 and 34.1617, also lattice planes of (111) and (200) of Au were found at 2θ = 38.5799 and 45.6016. The work also extended to study the optical properties, which included the transmission spectrum, absorption spectrum, absorption coefficient, attenuation coefficient and estimation of optical energy gap for all samples. The results of optical properties were clearly demonstrated that the increasing of gold concentration is decreasing the transmission, and decreasing the optical band gap from 3.10 to 3.05 eV, but increasing the absorption coefficient and attenuation coefficient. Finally The real and imaginary part of dielectric constant of (In2O3:ZnO:Au) nanocomposite thin film with different concentrations decrease with increasing of frequency, and increases with gold nanoparticles increasing.

Biodiesel is gaining considerable attention as a renewable source of energy, as an alternative to petroleum fuel and can be used in engine without modification in this paper, the profile of preparation of fatty acid methyl ethyl ester from castor oil via a base-catalyzed transesterification was investigated.. The variables chosen for the study were reaction time, oil to (methanol and ethanol) mixture ratio, and reaction temperature at constant concentration of KOH(catalyst) .The effects of these variables on viscosity and specific gravity were studied.

In recent years, Essential oils from their various aromatic plants had been reported to be used in treating of many types of cancer due to their antitumor activity. In addition, numerous studies had investigated the highest capability of chemopreventive phytochemicals compound to act as anticancer drugs. In the present research, the antioxidant activity of Linalool on free radicals compounds was studied. The Antioxidant activity was performed using two methods, DPPH and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Scavenging Capacity. The DPPH scavenging activity demonstrated that Linalool had antioxidant activity comparing with ascorbic acid. Linalool demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity with 50.57471% compared with ascorbic acid that showed 86%. Meanwhile, H2O2 scavenging capacity methods investigated that Linalool exhibited moderate scavenging activity 56.36% comparing with ascorbic acid that showed 65%. The results of this study investigated that the Linalool can be used as easily accessible source of natural antioxidants. It can able to be used in the treating several types of cancers as a result of antioxidant activity of it.

Analysis of eight heavy metal concentrations (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) of 14 drilling mud samples collected from oil well at different depths which is located in AZ Zubair oil field-Basra was done in this study . The samples were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Obtained results indicated that the heavy metal concentrations range from the lowest value of 1.66mg/kg for Cd to the highest value of 1235.86mg/kg for Fe. The abundance trend for the heavy metals concentration was in the descending order of Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, and Cd. Four parameters: Enrichment Factor (EF), Contamination Factor (CF), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were assessed in order to evaluate the degree of contamination.

Noise adding methods (impulse and Gaussian) are using in this work, adding this type of noise employ to mensuration the image quality as result, therefore transform of (RGB) colors to another type of color impersonation that easy to deal with it, also sensitivity of human eyes to detect the colors. Applying Noise reduction (mean method, mode method, median method) ,By using a test image, we demonstrate that the filtering structure yields an output image which is significantly better than those of median, weighted median .The program of this work is written with Delphi Language, which have some flexibility to deal with image that's not found in other language. The great feature of this language and the ability to process the image in memory (so the processing will be faster and easier), easy to access the parameters through the subroutines (however the size of it), showing the stored images that in memory to the displayer through one instruction.

Let R be an associative ring, and Š:RR be a map, if there exists an element eR such that Š(u)e= [u,e]e, for every uR, in this case e is called Generalized Dependent Element of Š, and Ğ-D(Š) denote the set of all Generalized Dependent Elements of Š. In this paper the result proved, let R be semiprime ring, and F : RR is a generalized reverse derivation, related with derivation d, then eĞ-D(F), iff, eZ(R) and eF(u) =0 for every uR.

In this work, ZnO thin films have been deposition using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method on glass and Si (111) substrates at different laser pulsed. Some properties of ZnO thin films were studied, the results of XRD explain Zinc oxidethin films with hexagonal wurtzite structure with thickness about 155and 200 nm. FTIR spectrum shows the existence of Zn – O bond that appear the texture of ZnOnanostructures. The root mean square of thin films were explained with the range 8.31–15.2 nm with particle size about 41.6 - 45.41and was only slightly dependent on number of laser pulses. Zinc oxide thin films showed transmittance of over 80% .The photovoltaic characteristics indicated an increase the short circuit current-open circuit voltage with illumination power as increased number of laser pulses resulted increasing of film thickness.