Journal of Al-qadisiya in arts and educational sciences

Summary :
Women and their employment is a clear phenomenon in Arabic poetry in its different literary eras, ancient, modern and contemporary. They stood there describing and flirting at the level of qualities and the body. Society first and the man second, for the man realized that it is the secret of life and the reason for its perpetuation, and the research here studies the image of women in the poetry of (Walid Al-Sarraf), which is considered one of the pillars of contemporary Iraqi poetry in his collection (Letter from Cain), which formed the description of women and their employment as a clear phenomenon, but as a homeland For the poet, that is, the poet looked at him with the look of the homeland, and he loved it because of his love for the homeland

The purpose of this study is to investigate (how much of an effect) the (mobile reporter) technique has on improving students' performance and social intelligence in middle school social studies.
A total of 63 students participated in the present study; 32 were assigned to the experimental group and 30 were assigned to the control group. The researcher analyzed the (mobile reporter) approach in the experimental group with the conventional way in the control group.
The researcher also rewarded differences between the two groups on the variables (previous-year performance, as measured by the first average, and measures of both social and general intelligence). The researcher confirmed the validity and stability of the scale for measuring social intelligence, which totaled 40 paragraphs; he then implemented the virtual validity and stability coefficient by re-testing, resulting in a stability percentage of 87%. spss), and the following findings were revealed:
Students in the experimental group, who learn about history using the (mobile reporter) technique, had significantly higher mean scores on the achievement exam than students in the control group, who learn about the same topic using the more conventional approach.
There is a statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-test mean scores on a measure of social intelligence among students in the experimental group who study history utilizing the (mobile correspondent) approach.

The current research aims to identify the impact of the snowball strategies and the information gap in developing the skill of determining the geographical location on the map and visual thinking among the fifth grade students in the subject of geography for the academic year (2020-2021). The research sample consisted of (67) students distributed randomly into three Groups, the first experimental group of (21) students who were taught using the snowball strategy, the second experimental group of (23) students who were taught using the information gap strategy, and the third group of (23) students who were taught in the usual way. Determining the geographical location on the map and the second test to measure visual (spatial) thinking, The two tools were presented to the arbitrators to extract the apparent validity of the two tools, and the stability coefficient for the two tests was extracted using the Cowder-Richardson 20 equation. The stability of the positioning test was (0.78), which is a good stability coefficient, and the final form of the test consisted of (22) items. The visual (spatial) thinking test amounted to (0.81), which is a high reliability coefficient, and the final form of the test consisted of (22) items, using statistical means. The results showed the superiority of the two experimental groups over the control group in determining the geographical location on the map and visual thinking.
In light of this, the researcher presented a set of recommendations and proposals. She recommended that teachers of social studies in schools rely on the snowball strategy and the information gap in teaching social studies in general and geography in particular. The researcher suggested using the snowball and the information gap in other educational stages.

The current study sheds light on an aspect related to one of the important issues in our present reality, which is banknote in explaining the ruling on dealing with it from the legal point of view through direct fatwas from Imami Marajs with the opinions of jurists and imams of other Islamic sects, and what are the pieces of evidence that they relied on in evaluating the results and the consequences of dealing with it. So, the study compares those who forbid and prohibit dealing with it, and others between those who allow it or prevent dealing with it. The research showed the most important findings and recommendations the researcher has arrived at..

Letters constitute one of the three major parts of the Arabic language which involve various functions and meanings. The researcher needs to identify these functions and employ them in proportion to syntactical and morphological aspects. Grammarians have divided letters into two main sections of operating and non-operating letters, with the latter encompassing various functions and beauties in a literary work. These are the letters syntacticians and rhetoricians have used in their own glossaries, suggesting that these letters have various functions. Sources to understand these letters and their relevant functions are the books and researches syntacticians and rhetoricians have compiled on the letters. It is evident that the Arabic syntax has underwent major developments over time and syntacticians have conducted various and independent researches for each of the syntactic and morphological subjects. Included in these subjects is the category of letters which has gained the attention of scholars such as Romani, the famous syntactician of the 10th century who wrote a valuable book in this area, titled Ma’ani Al-Horouf (which translates to meaning of the letters). The present article concerns this work to investigates the functions of non-operating letters and their relevant aesthetics. This is because this work serves as a credible source for understanding letters. Thus, this study categorizes and analyses the functions. This research also attaches much importance to non-operating letters as Romani has suggested, investigating the major functions of non-operating letters, e.g., syntactical, morphological and rhetoric functions.

The two researchers sought to identify the correlation between organizational silence and work alienation of Employees of state departments through a set of objectives represented by identifying:
- The organizational silence among the employees of the state departments.
- The significance of the differences in organizational silence among the employees of state departments according to the variables of gender (males, females), and marital status(married and unmarried).
- work alienation among the employees of state departments.
- Significance of differences in work alienation among state employees, according to gender (males, females), and marital status(married, unmarried).
- Correlational relationship between organizational silence and work alienation among the employees of state departments.
To achieve the aims of the research, the two researchers built the organizational silence scale which in its final form consisted of (24) items, and built the scale of work alienation, which in its final form consisted of (25) items, and after verifying their validity and reliability and analyzing their items statistically on the research sample of (427) male and female employees of state departments in the city center of Al-Diwaniyah, and the research reached the following results.
-The employees are characterized by a high degree of organizational silence.
-There is no statistically significant difference among employees in organizational silence according to the variable of gender and social status, with a statistically significant difference in the interaction of gender and social status.
-The employees are characterized by a low degree of functional alienation.
-There is no statistically significant difference for employees in job alienation according to the gender variable, with a statistically significant difference according to the marital status variable in favor of the unmarried, as well as the impact of the interaction of the gender and social status variables on job alienation.
-There is a positive correlation between organizational silence and job alienation among department employees.

The research aims to identify the effectiveness of the 5W1H strategy in the achievement of fifth-grade bioscience students in biology, where the research sample included two groups, one of which was the control group and the number of its students was (32) students, and the other represented the experimental group and the number of its students was (30) students, and by drawing method Randomly, the researchers chose (Al-Zaytoun high school for boys) from the research community represented by the middle and secondary schools affiliated to the Directorate of Education in Al-Diwaniyah, Al-Qadisiyah Governorate.
Where the two researchers found the interior design to adjust the design variables, the researcher begins to search for the first research groups, the previous information test, the previous information test in biology, and previous academic achievement in biology). After the interviews between the two research groups, the researchers prepared the requirements of the application, including plans, objectives and tests for the two research groups, and after completing the application of the experiment. The researchers applied their research tool to the two research groups, where the researchers obtained data for the two
research groups, and these data were processed statistically by means of
a t-test for two independent samples. The results showed that the
students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group according to the 5W1H strategy in academic achievement.

Many civilizations arose in Mesopotamia, including the Sumerian civilization, the Akkadian civilization, the Babylonian civilization, the Assyrian civilization, and other civilizations. One of the most important features of these civilizations was creativity and excellence in the field of construction and urbanization in various fields. Its forms and types, such as building palaces, temples, storehouses, walls, and fortresses, until the situation reached the point of building entire cities that provided all the requirements for administration, housing, worship, and celebrations. Among the most famous cities built and built by the people of Mesopotamia are the cities of “ Uruk,” “Ur,” "Lagash" "Nefer." "Kish" "Babylon" "Assyria" "Nineveh" and "Kalah" many other cities scattered along the map of Mesopotamia. But those cities were exposed from the moment they were established and built to destruction, devastation and burning due to the conflict over interests and desire. Some of the kings of ancient Iraq were unruly in controlling and extending their influence at the expense of neighboring cities and regions inside or outside Mesopotamia. Therefore, the cities of Mesopotamia suffered from a state of continuous destruction, devastation, and burning throughout their history. But their residents were cooperating and working to rebuild them again. This research included six axes that dealt with the study of the destruction and burning of cities in Mesopotamia since the era of the Sumerian city-states (2800- 2370 BC) until the end of the New Babylonian Empire (612-539 BC)

The research aims to study the opinion of Al-Akhfash Al-Awsat on the issue of increasing who is in the affirmative, which Al-Baqouli mentioned in his book (Uncovering Problems and Clarifying Dilemmas), analyzing and comparing it with the opinions of grammarians who preceded him or followed him. After the Basrians stipulated that it be increased in the denial, this issue represented a controversial issue between the two schools, and for this reason this research came to study this issue and the sayings of scholars about it, and to study what Al-Baqouli transmitted in his book on the middle Al-Akhfash

The study of “The Body Company, a comparative jurisprudential study” deals with a form of the contractual company, which is the company of the body and related to the work of the partners, and the legality of the jurists of Islamic schools differed between those who allow it in its absolute form, and between those who allow it under certain conditions and those who argue that it is illegal and invalid. This study sheds light on the sayings and reviews the evidence for each saying, then discusses them, in two sections:
1- A statement of the concept of Al-Abdan Company, and its position among the companies.
2- The rule of the body company
The researcher has extrapolated the opinions of the jurists of Islamic schools of thought, and their evidence, and then discussed them, by adopting the method of comparison, and at the conclusion of the research he reviewed the most important results.

In this research, I talked about the personality of Yunus bin Abdul Rahman Al-Asadi, who was born in (T: 125 AH / 742 AD), and he lived in an important stage in the history of the Arab Islamic state, where he began to move between its cities (Baghdad, Medina, and Makkah Al-Mukarramah), in search of knowledge and work, as this contributed to his scientific building. This is evidenced by the words of the scholars of the Islamic nation In it, and the influence of the novelist in the books of Islamic heritage, as well as the compositions that exceeded thirty titles, each contributed to writing this research, which concluded that the narratives of Yunus bin Abdul Rahman had a role in presenting the historical facts after discussing them in order to make the best use .

The research paper is a study, translation, and analysis of four unpublished cuneiform texts of unknown origin, confiscated and now preserved in the Iraqi Museum that date back to the ancient Babylonian era based on the historical formulas contained in three of them. In addition, the shape of the font confirms its attribution to that time period.
As for the contents of these texts, the first one included sending an envoy to its owner; while the second text was about receiving an amount of silver. As for the third text, it deals with income for the quantity of plowshares net but the last one which is the fourth text is about a message that included the purchase of a specific amount of flax.

In the name of God, the most gracious, the most merciful The term abstraction was frequented by grammarians a lot, and it came with various means that were scattered in their writings, and for them it means stripping and stripping, and Ibn Jinni (d. It puts a certain limit to it, so this research came under the title (Abstraction in the grammatical lesson, its concept and means) as an attempt by me to clarify the concept of this term for grammarians and present a group of those means in abstracting grammatical functions and semantics. The importance of this research lies in the fact that it deals with a topic that scholars rarely tend to reveal about, so I did not find that anyone concerned with the study of Arabic grammar singled it out for an independent study, collecting its issues and showing its meaning and means.
According to the material I have collected regarding the research, I decided to divide it into three sections preceded by an introduction and followed by the results of the research. Verbs. As for the third topic, I dealt with abstraction in letters.
Perhaps one of the most important results I reached is that abstraction is a mental trick and a means of graduation and interpretation, which grammarians resorted to in order to avoid falling into prohibitions or contradictions In conclusion, I hope and hope that there will be some novelty in my topic, or that I have shed light on a topic that needs disclosure and clarification, and I have rendered a service to the readers and lovers of Arabic, and God is the Grantor of success.

The emergence of social networking sites and their growing role played great role in shaping and transmitting news in a way that directs public opinion toward prominent issues with political, economic, and social dimensions. The phenomenon of media disinformation has emerged as an epistemological and moral challenge that requires investigation. After describing what is meant by media disinformation, this research goes on to discuss the components that contribute to the creation and dissemination of media misinformation, as well as its divisions according to the Quranic viewpoint. This research deals with the extrapolation of Qur'anic verses that discuss media misinformation and employs the perspectives of commentators from both sides.

This research aims to investigate the moral sensitivity among nursing professionals in Baghdad, Iraq. It seeks to determine the differences in moral sensitivity based on gender (males vs. females) and years of service (less than five years vs. more than five years). To achieve the research objectives, the researcher developed a moral sensitivity scale based on Lutzen's theory (1995). The final scale consisted of 32 items with an average score of 96. Psychometric properties of the scale, including reliability and validity, were verified. The scale demonstrated good reliability with a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.79 and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.83.
The results indicated that nursing professionals exhibit a high level of moral sensitivity. Furthermore, females displayed higher moral sensitivity compared to males, and nurses with more than five years of service demonstrated a higher level of moral sensitivity than those with less than five years of service. In conclusion, the research provides a set of recommendations and proposals.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, who taught man what he did not know, and prayers and peace be upon Abu al-Qasim Muhammad, the most honorable Prophet, and upon his good and kind family and companions, and whoever called with his call until the Day of Judgment, after:
The connotation of the lexical term has a great role in defining its grammatical function, however, we find a section of the vocabulary that is devoid of lexical significance, such as the articles that share lexical meanings in their non-existence, but they denote a general functional meaning which is the commentary, so their significance is deduced from the one in which they are received, so there is no environment for tools outside of reality; Their lack of knowledge is ingrained to him.
This page works under the title (multiple grammatical functions in the Holy Quran and its impact). in meaning)), and it caught my attention and found it in these works.
The research was divided into three sections, the introduction of which is an introduction, and its introduction on the multiplicity of research functions: the first, the first research, the interpretation of the grammatical function in the monosyllabic tool, and the second topic devoted the multiplicity of the triple and quadruple grammatical search functions, and the research concluded with a summary that included the most important findings of the researcher.

Mediation on the body of the text chosen from the novel “Bleeding Stone” for the research leads us to focus on the effectiveness, performance, and aesthetics of imagination in the narrative text, and how the novelist extracted from the heritage to form his narrative image, and how he used and functioned some myths to give his narrative uses and work an advantage that leaves similarity, as much as it is a juxtaposition that dialogues the other myths that were extracted from it, so returning to the models that the research explored has formed important axes for monitoring and analysis. Apparently, the novelist's functions were flexible and obedient to move and slow down the wheel of narration, manipulating tenses, and effective in shaping the narrative image and when reading each part of it we realize the truth and eloquence of functioning, exaggeration and interest in the functioning of heritage. However, if we move to the fictional text, we will find how the reader was puts in front of the conceptual threshold of the research and how to differentiate between imagination and other concepts adjacent to it and immanent to it (imagination and fiction), so that the research aims to stand on the effectiveness of mythological functioning in the text that is narrated, due to the fact that each of them has a frame of reference, so how it was dealt with in which it was placed, and then followed the morphology to see the harmony or difference of the multiple narrative image paths.

Central and southern Iraq was subjected to a wave of heavy rain in May 2013, which caused significant damage in many areas. The floods that occurred due to rain were not precisely defined in terms of areas and the size of the damage, so idea research came to create a morphological database variation of areas. The overflow was based on satellite images and GIS programs, and the results were the progress of Maysan and Wasit governorates in the area of the flood and the extent of damages. The research also touched on the factors contributing to the increase in the flood area in the study area, especially the climatic factor and the topography.

called for by UNESCO, to make available knowledge, methodologies, data and scientific evidence free of charge to serve scientific research. And measuring the extent to which the Karbala Heritage Center implements the guidelines for open science and its methodology, where the descriptive analytical approach was adopted to evaluate the Karbala Heritage magazine site through direct measurement and examination and using the statistical program spss V10. for data analysis, The research reached a number of results, the most important of which is 1- The Karbala Heritage magazine website provides research and scholarly articles in full text, with the possibility of downloading beneficiaries and benefiting from the full numbers available for free without any financial fees, according to the Open Science (open access) methodology.
2- The site lacks the advanced search feature to improve searches through (author's name, title, subject, date...etc) and this feature is very useful because simple search offers few options in the process of filtering search results, which enables the beneficiary to control the search results. The researcher recommends the following: 1- Seeking to adopt the (DOI) code for all magazine numbers available on the site because of its great importance in increasing the possibility of capturing research on global search engines 2- Working on adding advanced search to the interface of the site to improve the search procedures for the magazine user and control the search and its results, which Creates satisfaction in the hearts of users of the magazine site.

The symbol in modern Arabic poetry in general, and Iraqi poetry in particular, is the legitimate child of the conditions of political, social, cultural, and masculine repression. Technology, and to protect himself from a direct clash with power, and this is what the research will reveal and show that technique and its effectiveness in poetry to find a language in the language of dictionaries to reach the poetic language to produce for the reader a meaning other than the meaning in which it is used .

The work of art is a sharp medium of enacting immediate human experiences that are lived in a specific historical period. However, authors usually pour a great deal of personal and cultural embodiments behind the lines of their literary work. The purposes, moreover, may vary to produce a literary text and is subject to different interpretations. On the other hand, history shapes the work of art with irresistible details that are imposed to create a special impact in the readers’ minds and establish prior judgments that are linked to their actual implication.
Parks, as a contemporary playwright, handled Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and reconstructed most of the narrative’s main incidents. This metamorphosis of Hawthorne’s plot and hero was intended by Parks to explore the ways in which history can lead to “possession” through and by the artist’s work itself. As Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter was possessed by the surroundings in her world, Parks’ Hester La Negrita is possessed entirely by everyone surrounding her except by herself. This paper examines the ways in which Parks metamorphosized Hawthorne’s classical text into her postmodern world to serve manifesting the catastrophic realities of her race. It also traces the contribution that Parks had made through this inevitable metamorphosis and necessary modifications of the narrative and its protagonist that best articulates the critical issue of her time.