JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATION AND ECONOMICS

Abstract:
The paper aims to shed light on the dynamics of inflation highlighting the role of cost and macroeconomic real sector variables.
The most recent research works have been reviewed in an attempt to reassess the prevailing assumptions and related conceptual frameworks based on the finding of empirical studies.
Bottlenecks and supply challenges are acute in the economy of Iraq, considering the high level of government expenditure and the limited capacity of none - oil economy.
Furthermore, government expenditure dominates the creation of liquidity while the monetary authority has no enough effective instruments to control. Noting, the small size of Iraqi financial sector, CBI interest rate can do little to affect the credit activity.
The paper addresses the relationship between general price level measured by cbi in Iraq, monetary aggregates and exchange rate. Traditional regression and correlation analysis is conducted with a trial to test causality. To be specific, the paper presents the available data and preliminary quantitative search.
Anticipating better information covering GDP, and its sectoral components, wages, employment, and cost structure of domestic goods and services to investigate the process of inflation in Iraq thoroughly. Relative prices, in Iraq, have been changing since 1990 in away reflecting supply side conditions. Also, the disturbance of foreign exchange supply from oil source has interlinked with the demand gap of fuel shortages and non tradable sector to generate inflation.

This research aims to study and analyze the dumping problem and international trade at the period 2004-2009 in Iraqi Market. The importance of this research comes from the appearance of two kinds of dumping in the Iraqi market during this period :-
1. Market dumping by the foreign goods and oils appearance of the economic sectors, this phenomena called Dutch disease .
2. Market dumping by expired and bad goods which are not attained the standards of the control and quality institute.
In addition to that the appearance of another products that the control and quality institute has no knowledge about their standards .
This situation has an affect in disappearance of the economic sectors and threats the citizen life, from another side ,this situation brings the important inflation which is responsible about reduction of the real in come of the consumer , especially ,those with limited in come.
This researcher was reached to the following important recommendations:
1 - encouraging and increasing the centres of the consumer researches.
2 - expansion and modernization of the control and quality institute.
3 - Developing of the economic sectors, industrial sector, agriculture sector and oil sector.
4 – Forbiddening the production of goods with ambiguous standards .

After the long years of economical embargo which had been imposed by international Security Council on Iraq in (1990 - 2003) and the war that had been enforced by national forces in 2003 which destroyed the productive sources and undergrounds. Due to that, Iraq has been regarded as one of the nations that need urgent international help to remedy its humanistic and economic conditions. The studies of the United Nations international bank and international finance box, have insisted that Iraq needs at about (55) milliard dollars as evaluated cost to reconstruct it during (2004 - 2007).
Accordingly, the importance and modernity of the study emerge and appear in the environment of the Iraqi economy and role in development and the need for unifying the accounting treatments of the external scholarship in records and presenting them in the financial reports according to the international standards in a way that reflects the best use of the available resources.

The health services, in general, and the hospitals in special, were considered as one of the important indicators of the social and scientific development of the nations. To support the health activities , decisions makers need to measure the response of their decisions , one of the possible methods is the "performance effeciency". The most important of these standards are "productivity" and "effectiveness", each of them may leads to different results according to the factors. In this paper, we tryed to find a unique measurement that can mix all other measurements factors. This new technique , called , (Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)), one of the linear programming techniques, which depends on the extra output that can be achieved by using the same amount of the input , at the same time , on the saving amount in the input factors and producing the same amount of the output . we applied (DEA) on the nine hospitals in salah AL-dean governorate , using (WINQSB), a computers package. We found that four out of these nine,were relatively inefficient , and we believe its need more care and more follow – up

The aim of this research is recognizing the impact of core competencies which is presenting as one of the knowledge network elements, and its roll in the Development of process of innovation of new products.
Population of the research is the Public General Company for Tires industry - Babbile, a simple random sample of (75) respondents was taken to be analyzed. As result of hypothesis testing, analyzing and discussing of the results. The researcher arrived at the following conclusion:
- There is an impact of core competences on Technological strategy of such organizations. Core Competencies had the most impact on the Innovation of new products, then Market eventually continuous improvement of products and processes:
- Increase the level of cooperation and coordination between the service Organizations and the Universities as well as the specialized scientific centers in the field of research and development.
- Make efforts to continually up dating the data bases in order to meet the requirements of different uses and tasks
- There is a close relation between Core Competencies and Innovation of new products and Processes

The future takes up a wide scope of the human mind since the first existence of the human being on the earth. For that reason the human started to observe its events, to avoid its negative sides and benefiting from positive side, So he compiled equations, Models and theories to judged these sides.
But the human found him self facing many other type of challenges which could not be forecasted about it , or discovered its relationship , trying to reach a mean to overcome its risks and benefit from its opportunities .“That was the strategy”
The research tried to make a mind conversation to answer this question:
Is strategy a result of the models or creative thinking??
With the trend to prove that the strategy depends on thinking as abase or prove reverse of that in another side , depending on the content of the spring of the strategic thinking to research some conviction and visions .

This research concentrates on studying the performance of Arabic Financial Markets by using some of the performance indicators.
In order to validate the Hypothesis of the research, the Arabic financial Markets are selected for this purpose then A sample is consisted of (13) financial markets has selected. The research reached to many conclusions, the most important one among them is agreed with necessity of activation the performance of Iraqi financial markets and reinforcement the activity and Liquidity in its and benefits from the experiment of Arabic financial markets which have high performance indicators.

The administrative thought has been faced many developments each of it was aimed to investigate about the real reasons of decline or improvements in the organizational performance, the organizational activities it's self wasn't far away from the development which is covered it's conceptual sides, the last one of it was the virtual organizational development which has great attractiveness because of its comprehensively that depends on the high diagnostic level to the managerial processes. This research interest with this kind of development and examine it's main domains in Solaymanyia in Iraqi Kurdistan region environment, and to sample covered big size organizations depending on selected administrative levels for the sake of knowing the model items homogeneity which has been selected. The

This study deals with The influence of marketing researchs on products . It concentrates on one section of management levels in the company . Which is that of administrative managers.
The research problem attempted to study and analysis the influence of marketing researches on products.
The aim at achieving a number of applicable goals depending on one major hypotheses .
The researcher set a questionnaire to collecting the data and information relating to the study , which was distributed to sample of (30) department manager heads of section states company .
In order to processing the data resorted to many statistical methods such as arithmetic means the standard deviation and the slope .
The statistical methods had shown a number of results the most obvious of which may be presence of a moral influence marketing research on products as to the discussion of the results the practical study emphasis on the attention required for both of the marketing research and products .