Journal of Kufa legal and political science

The principle of sovereignty gives the state the right to regulate foreign ownership of funds (including the right to prohibit) for the purpose of possessing or investing them within the state. However, if the state allows foreigners to own or invest, this will grant the investor, in accordance with national law, an acquired right. Based on this, the position of the Iraqi Constitution of 2005 came to prevent the acquisition of these funds except in a fundamental, reasoned manner and by following legal procedures.

Building a state in its modern concept requires the existence of a national economy that can meet the growing needs of society in terms of quality and quantity. This keeping pace with the requirements of society can only be achieved through the existence of development plans that take into consideration the capabilities that can be provided to implement these plans, the aim of which is to provide financial resources, human capabilities and infrastructure.

The legislators have interested in the world wide to combat the phenomenon of terrorism and eliminate the negative effects of the devastating which has become affect the prestige of their countries' integrity and stability, through the legislative tool which plays important role in the face of terrorist crimes, and this is what was adopted and moved him most national legislation, including the Anti-Terrorism Act No. (13) in Iraq, which was enacted in 2005.
Since the seriousness the acts of terrorism, the author found that the criminal legislator has pursued a preventive criminalization policy by criminalizing acts committed in the preparatory phase of terrorist crime, such as the acts of construction and incorporation and configuration and organization of the associations is legitimate, and the actions of incitement to commit terrorist offenses to those acts of gravity may outweigh the seriousness of the crime instigator of it, as the offense of unlawful initiation because it is no less dangerous than the full offense, the offense has been any act that would endanger people's lives and physical integrity at risk even if it did not result in any damage Therefore, the author starts with the concept of preventive incrimination and explain the its creators , and then the author reviewed the standards, and then we explained the concept of terrorism through its meaning, and learned about the subjectivity, then Pena scale preventive criminality in the anti-terrorism law through the policy of preventive criminalization pursued by the Iraqi legislature in addressing criminalization of terrorist acts and those critical to the security of the state stipulated by the anti-terrorism law, and we ended the search a number of conclusions and proposals

The insurance contract is one of the most important means of solidarity that aims to bear risks, and it is considered one of the newly established contracts that appeared on the scene of reality, so it has found wide spread in all different circles, and since the nature of this contract and its purpose make the responsibility of its parties joint in bearing risks, since the essence of the insurance contract - as is known - is to cover the expected risk regardless of its nature and type, therefore and because of the nature of this contract and its importance, it goes through several stages until it is concluded, starting from submitting the insurance application until the issuance of the final document of the insurance contract.

Abstract The first feature of the rule countersignature had appeared before the appearance of known parliamentary system at the present time, and that appearance was for one reason or another, as we will be seen through the research, this rule was developed with the evolution of the rules of political responsibility in a parliamentary system, It became a tool of balance tools between the authority and responsibility that granted to the head of state in a parliamentary system, and it devoted the political responsibility of the Ministry about the authorities that are subject to the countersignature to the prime minister, and the minister, or the ministers concerned. the countersignature rule returned in its inception to some of the reasons that led to its appearance before the appearance of the parliamentary system that well known and displayed on comparative constitutional systems. Some of these reasons is characterized by objectivity, those that can find them within the legal logic space for interpretation applies with the privacy of the parliamentary system, while the other is characterized by some of these reasons purely historic. Not only that, but the genesis of the countersignature rule coincided with the emergence of the political responsibility of the ministry in front of the Parliament following the transformation of the head of state authorities "King" of absolute powers to the authorities restricted . As the ministerial responsibility is the countersignature of the head of state in a parliamentary system within the scope of powers exercised by the Head of State is not in charge of the parliamentary system, it has become a countersignature rule and always associated with the parliamentary system So the countersignature rule in the parliamentary system considered of the substantive provisions of bilateral executive branch. It should be noted that not all the countersignature which stipulated in the Constitution makes the existing political system a parliamentary system, therefore, there is no exist for the parliamentary system without the presence of the countersignature rule,and if the Parliamentary system stripped from the countersignature rule that mean it moved away from democracy in the case of adoption of dual-head of the executive power, and if that happens it leads to proceed the head of state de facto authorities without such powers associated with responsibility, because he is not responsible to the Parliament, even if it decided the government's responsibility to parliament shall be then the democracy is faking, as the government was asked for the work that it did not make, but the Constitution prohibits the government to do it, therefore, the responsibility in this case non-existent. Eventually we have gone beyond the parliamentary system boundaries, which requires, that the government be responsible for what it done individually or in those acts that it share out with the head of state

The Information System of Human Resources Regarded as an important element for the Implementation dictions of the stat ,weather in its formation ,the structure of it s entity , its political system and it s governmental instruments . The Information System of Human Resources cannot act without determined strategy, So they intend to work hard to formulate a railed strategy that make them able to determine its directions to general issues.
The Study aimed to solve the problem through the following question:
1- What are the levels o The Information System of Human Resources and Implementation Strategic dictions in the Oil ministry?
2- What are the relationship between the Information System of Human Resources and the stages of Implementation Strategic dictions in the Oil ministry?
3- what is the influence of the Information System of Human Resources and the stages of Implementation Strategic dictions in the Oil ministry?
In order to achieve the goal of this study ,the researcher used a theoretically and practically methods.
So ,part one devoted to contain the basic concepts and principles of the two variables that has been mentioned to before .
Part two contain the application of the research variables in the Oil ministry.
The executive managers of ministry regarded as a sample for the research .The questionnaire used to collect the necessary data the research needs. That data has been analyzed by statistical methods , and proved the rightful of the supposed model. Then we sagest alfa mode to Implemented in the Oil ministry.

The Middle East region is witnessing political, economic and security interactions of a conflictual nature between influential regional parties and parties from within countries, with repercussions at the global level. Since the occupation of Iraq in 2003, through the so-called (Arab Spring) in 2011, and up to the escalation of terrorist violence with the fall of Mosul in 2014, the general situation in the region has hardly emerged from one crisis before entering another more severe and higher in level. This reality has led to the emergence of the role of two regional powers (the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) and their entry into the arena of competition for influence, based on the intersection of intellectual and political trends of each of them, in addition to a past characterized by fear and lack of mutual trust. These two powers quickly rushed to exploit the political variables in the region to their advantage at the expense of the other party. After Iran achieved gains on the ground and succeeded in achieving the largest part of its foreign political goals, Saudi Arabia sought to intensify its involvement in the region’s issues in order to restore balance. It began to support some parties and punish others using economic and diplomatic tools, leading to military intervention in Yemen in March 2015. The researchers attempt to explore the extent of the change that occurred in Saudi foreign policy and its reflection on the future of its role in light of a heated conflict environment in which many of its files have not yet been resolved.

The liability for defective products is considered as one of the main types of tortious liability, and a special form of the civil liability arising from negligence, and imposed by the Law of Torts, which is regarded as an unwritten law based upon the system of judicial precedents , and as a part of the English common law. as well as two other types of liability , that is to say, the employer's liability , and the occupier's liability. It is also worth-bearing in mind that this type of liability is regulated by the Consumer Protection Act 1978 . whereas the Iraqi law has not organized this type of liability explicitly , whether in the civil law No.40 of 1951, or in Consumer Protection Law No.1 of 2010

Multiple problems raised by the sale of goods through television and the most important of which is the necessary safeguards to protect the consumer in the contract of sale satisfaction on television where you must protect buyer of media and advertising pressure posed by the display of goods on television, especially the traditional task of defects will not enough protection alone to protect the consumer's satisfaction sales by television, but rquires the availability of special safeguards to protect consumer satisfaction in this contract for the purpose of achieving the kind of lumpy balance between the parties to the contract.

To regulate the rights and freedoms issued enactment of the legislature is the best guarantee of respect for these rights and freedoms is not right, no freedom without law enables individuals to exercise, and protects it from attack governing authority or individuals themselves, for Parliament to intervene legislatively to regulate public rights and freedoms without leaving to other public authorities.
Except that the transfer of the organization of public rights and freedoms to the legislative power is not enough on its own to guarantee them but needs to decide the constitution of individuals and means to ensure claim and defend it before an independent judicial body fair, able to repeal laws and regulations in violation of the Constitution and violated the rights and freedoms.
Exercise of the rights and guarantees public freedoms revolves around two axes two important presence organize legislative created by and provide for the exercise, and judicial oversight enables individuals to repeal laws and regulations in violation of the constitution

The issue of illegal immigration has become one of the most important issues of concern to the international community and States that represent a source of illegal immigrants, as well as receiving States so we approached the phenomenon of illegal immigration notable phenomena that began to afflict all countries alike, especially after the increase in their numbers, use illegal means and methods in the process of ا across the borders of States, which is contrary to the regulations of the world, the following involve political and legal dimensions linked Can be omitted. And the fact that minors w ho at age 9 MOA incomplete article 18 (3) of the Juveniles Act (76) of the year (1983) he is an irresponsible but they consider a victim to the reality of the society in which they live and suffer under different problems, which often ends up sinking into the sea, and don't forget everyone provided assistance or help to commit acts mentioned, it rebounds to justice criminal offence of aiding and participating in it, and the original poster would be punished with the same The principal penalty, but opposite in the law regarding illegal immigration. It is possible to question the crime of illegal immigration in accordance with article (7/1 h) of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court adopted in Rome on 17 July 1998 of crimes within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court to mean "deportation or forcible transfer of population Passport Act (32) Act (1999), and Iraqi law for foreign residence (36) Act (1961), and don't forget charters and international instruments dealing with the phenomenon of illegal immigration and shown how to address, and which represent a crime enjoy elements of organized crime dealt with by that ا a crime against humanityIn conclusion, Bina main conclusions reached in this regard, some necessary recommendations in this area

The purpose of this deviation is to try to apply it in an environment that is not politically, economically and socially appropriate, and therefore an attempt Its application in other countries that have not been qualified for its application, makes its probability of success very small and risky, and may lead to its failure or appearance in a distorted manner does not resemble the original version.
When it comes to adopting the parliamentary system as a political system, it means observing the basic rules on which this system is based, which is cooperation and balance between the authorities and the establishment of constitutional mechanisms for the mutual influence between the executive and legislative authorities, so that the balance between them is permanent and safe from the risk of imbalance. The maintenance of the democratic system, especially as Iraq is still on the threshold of a new stage, which requires maximum efforts to achieve this.
In order to take aspects of the topic we divide research on two topics and a conclusion, we have dedicated the first to the statement of the general principles of the parliamentary system of traditional, and Pena in the second manifestation of the deviation of the parliamentary system in the Constitution of the Republic of Iraq for the year 2005, we have followed in our approach analytical comparative study of the traditional parliamentary system in England.
Has been revealed to us search the parliamentary system in Iraq has injury deviation in several places him close sometimes to the presidential system, and at other times to the Majlisi regime and al-Qaeda core in finding an effective parliamentary system is to ensure cooperation between the executive and legislative branches and to balance the expeditious including mechanisms, by enabling each of them by means of constitutional by which can limit the other authority that exceeded the limits of its terms of reference, and the conclusion of the research Oodanaha results that we have reached and proposals focused on some of the amendments to the legal provisions contained within the vocabulary of research and we hope that the legislator presentation Valuable to take them

The Central Bank is a public legal entity that sits at the top of the banking system in the country. It is responsible for issuing money (banknotes) and works to organize and direct banking and financing activity in the direction that is consistent with the economic policy of the country and achieves its credit objectives. This is what Article (5) of the Central Bank, Banking System and Egyptian Monetary Law explicitly indicated by saying: ((The Central Bank works to achieve price stability and the safety of the banking system within the framework of the general economic policy of the country... The Central Bank is responsible for setting monetary, credit and banking policies)).