LARK JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY , LINGUISTICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

The subject of the research is about the beginning of culture and the implications of these developments at the social organizational level. Culture is the basis of social life, as it is a social phenomenon that no human group or society is devoid of. Cultural change is a human change. When culture adapts, it works to change the person who used it, and it is linked Change after that, as the world is experiencing radical and widespread changes that require attention and study because of their fundamental cognitive importance in all fields.

education was one of the pillars of Islam, which played a leading role in building the Islamic community and organizing their public lives and their relations with other peoples in accordance with the principles of the tolerant Islamic Sharia. With the entry of the Ottoman Empire into the movement of history, Islam in general and religious education in particular formed the starting base and approach to its philosophy in managing the country and in all its civilized aspects, which prompted it to direct its peak interest in religious education in particular as one of the pillars of its concerns towards its Muslim subjects. The biography of the Messenger Muhammad ﷺ through the role of the noble Ottoman hadith was considered one of the priorities of the state and society. The research was divided into two main topics as well as an introduction and conclusion. The first included: giving a historical view of the religious education of the Turkish Ottomans, in what dealt with: The biography of the Messenger Muhammad ﷺ through the role of hadith The Prophet's Honor for the Ottoman and its most prominent stages and importance.

The need for institutions concerned with providing social protection and care to vulnerable groups and the weak and disadvantaged segments of society has increased recently, after the state and governments were unable to keep up with them and address their problems, which necessitated the intervention of another sector known as civil society organizations, which have the social responsibility to support and protect these groups. These organizations became widespread and widespread in the last years of the twentieth century. They are free, non-profit, voluntary organizations and are not linked to the government, such as political parties, trade unions, human rights associations, environmental protection associations, and charities. They have social responsibility and pay attention to societal issues such as unemployment and poverty.

This study deals with the most important developments in the Pakistani opposition to the government of Benazir Bhutto during the year 1990. The country suffered from military rule for many years, so the civilian government system had an impact on the Pakistani people. However, during this year, the government of Benazir Bhutto met with strong opposition from several quarters, which made it in a constant state of readiness to repel any attempt to remove it from its position. The political opposition to the government of Benazir Bhutto in the same year had the effect of obstructing the efforts of the Pakistani government to implement its political program, and it was not able to Passing one piece of legislation in the National Assembly; As a result of the intensity of the opposition within it, and the floundering policy of Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in confronting the opposition; This affected the weakness of its government’s position and its occurrence in one crisis after another.

he new media is today considered the fourth generation in the media, and there is no doubt that it has formed the features of a new stage in the progress of societies, as the sources of information have become many and different, and the speed of the spread of ideas has also become high,Also, the new media in particular (Internet networks) today has weakened the bureaucracy of countries in favor of political forces and even civil society bodies by eliminating the monopoly of information and various data.The new media has a major role in motivating the public to confront non-purposeful content by using all its technical, scientific and guidance capabilities with the aim of communicating with society and disseminating the information, facts and data necessary to confront this non-purposeful content.The objectives that distinguished this study are to know the contribution of new media in urging the public to confront non-purposeful content, as well as to reveal the impact of the methods used by new media to reduce non-purposeful content, as well as to know the impact of the media activities used by new media to confront non-purposeful content. The problem of our research lies in (what is the role of new media in urging the public to confront non-purposeful content).Inorder to achieve the goal, the researcher worked to employ the descriptive method of public survey study. The researcher relied on the questionnaire as a tool to collect the necessary data in order to complete the research and achieve the goals that the researcher seeks.The results of the research found that new media have an effective contribution in urging the public to confront non-purposeful content, with “Yes” ranked first among the categories. The results of the study also revealed that there is a significant impact of the media activities used by new media to confront content. Non-purposeful content, with (Yes) ranked first among the categories. This indicates that these activities have a clear contribution to reducing non-purposeful content. The study also showed that (digital media) ranked first among the most important names that helped new media outlets confront non-purposeful content, and this shows that digital media has a major role in targeting non-purposeful content.One of the most important recommendations reached by the researcher is the necessity of relying on public opinion polls on an ongoing basis to reveal modern methods that help to update the media on an ongoing basis, as well as updating information and evidence related to these phenomena in society.

Tolerance is a religious value with overlapping religious, humanitarian, social and political contents that achieve security and comfort at the societal level, In this research, we sought to know the extent of tolerance in society and its impact on national unity. Especially in our society with its natural diversity among members of society who are most vulnerable to temptation and division, We find that Islam has a clear role in activating tolerance towards national unity, as Islam does not deny the reality of diversity and differences among individuals, while emphasizing the establishment of justice and equality and emphasizing love of the homeland. In our research, we relied on the descriptive approach, based on some noble hadiths of the Prophet and Qur’anic verses.

The novel - as the art that most understands the problems of society - carried the concerns of the people and the fluctuations that struck the Arab countries after the Arab Spring in particular. These novels were responsible for publicizing the violations of human rights that had occurred، which were affected by the blackout as a disease of the era. What happened in Iraq after the fall of Baghdad had many episodes. What happened in it happened with a persistent attempt to completely isolate it from the world, but the media, with its visual and written means، was an important authority that had a pioneering role in shedding light on those dark areas, and there is no doubt that literature has a similar role to the media, which it shares in the visual quality represented by cover images and images included in a text. And the readable، represented by the literary text. The novel (The Hour of the Rape of Scheherazade) by the Iraqi Sawsan al-Bayati included that discourse through semiotic signs that conveyed a moral depth that was not the apparent meaning she intended، as will become clear in the body of this research.

Every society has its own culture From which his identity is formed Which makes it distinct from other societies, What is permissible in one society may be prohibited in another, Indecent expressions are socially prohibited in Arab society, It may not be prohibited in Western societies, Therefore, metonymy represents an effective solution for members of conservative Islamic societies, to avoid mentioning those words that are not socially acceptable to use. The creator of the speech must be familiar with rhetorical methods, Especially the style of metonymy, To produce a polite speech out of everything that makes it a rude speech, To be more influential to his listeners, speech that includes words that conflict with societal culture not be influential, It may be unacceptable to hear, This makes it a speech that lacks the ability to influence, Thus, the speech does not achieve its goals which the creator of the speech seeks to achieve, This study came to demonstrate the effect of metonymy in refining the discourse in general and the media in particular, and make it appropriate for the communities to which the creator of the speech belongs, in addition to increasing his achievement power, which is represented by the power of influencing those being addressed.

The world today is witnessing developments in the media, which dominates all areas of life, social, cultural, and intellectual, and has led to changing some concepts and consolidating other concepts, which may be true or false. The media Electronic technology depends on modern technology and has appeared in recent decades and has become the dominant hand among other media. It has prevailed and spread, and has become a great force of influence. In addition to what was mentioned, it has been characterized by ease of use and low costs, in addition to the infinite diversity of content. All of this makes the person active and strongly involved. While he stays Behind the scenes without knowing his identity, therefore, some media outlets played a negative role in forming a false image of Islam and strengthening the view of contempt towards this religion by portraying it with violence and terrorism, thus creating an idea in people’s minds that the relationship between Islam and terrorism is a close relationship, and the relationship of coexistence between the media can be explained Violence and hatred are based on the fact that the media sees these horrific incidents as fertile material and a media scoop that proves the status of these media outlets and pushes them into the ranks of media that can be relied upon as a source. For information, and as a form of media marketing and promotion, the reality is that we cannot ignore the role that the media plays in fueling violence, terrorism and extremism or supporting them through terrorists exploiting it to market their goals. And their purposes, and employing them to mislead the security services, and trying to control public opinion by publishing the terrorist operations that they carry out, given that the media campaigns that cover these operations help to achieve and complete their goals. They see in the media coverage of their crimes an important criterion in measuring the extent of the success of their terrorist act to the point of Some of them view a terrorist act that is not accompanied by media coverage as a failure. Directed media discourse is one of the most dangerous tools for misleading the public in all its categories. The issue of psychological and media warfare in any crisis or war is considered one of the most dangerous tools used in fighting the opponent, and it relies on the principle of paralyzing the recipient’s awareness to believe the information presented, leading to his psychological defeat, as it is taken It is a platform through which it exaggerates facts, falsifies images, and conveys events contrary to what is happening on the ground.

It has become known today in modern criticism and since its inception in formalism and structuralism, especially with text science and semiotics, that the analysis of the title is of great importance, in that it is a small text consisting of formal, aesthetic and semantic functions that are an introduction to a large text - and they often liken it to a body whose head is the title, or they consider it from the perspective of semiotics as linguistic signs, which they consider from the perspective of semiotics as a sign or linguistic signs, which gives it an important and essential media and semantic role in relation to the text that it heads and addresses.
In light of the problems and issues raised by the title, we found prominent critics and scholars giving it all their attention to the point of specialization in it, which is what the emergence of a new science with its origins, theories and methods has achieved, which is the science of the title. Therefore, we wanted, through this analysis, to clarify the relationship between the title and the text in the story of a wedding on the Tigris by analyzing the title first, and then linking it to the text.

This research sought to clarify the role of modern media and its importance in spreading and enriching literature and the speed of this spread These means constituted a major event in the world, especially the Arab world, such as (electronic devices, the Internet, social networking sites...) It helped in the rapid spread of literature and created new opportunities for the emergence of unknown literary energies that were not known on the literary scene, as these means provided them with many opportunities to participate in the literary scene and be creative in that field.

The research deals with the position of the foreign press on the Constitutional Revolution in its first phase 1905-1907, as that revolution is the most prominent political event that Iran has witnessed in its modern history. The first axis of the research addressed the motives and results of that revolution, while the second axis talked about the position of The foreign press covered the Constitutional Revolution through the articles it wrote, especially the American and British newspapers, which gave an accurate description of those events in minute details.

This study examines the technical methods used by Michael Crichton to blur the lines between factual information and fictional elements in his novel The Andromeda Strain. The creative use of scientific terminology and artistic documentation that supports a sense of reality plays a role in creating a certain blurring that works to enhance the blurring of the boundaries between reality and imagination. The study aims to explore the novel within the framework of postmodern literary theory, questioning the concept of absolute truth, and emphasizing the role of language and literary discourse in constructing reality. Through a critical analysis of the novel, this study seeks to clarify the methods followed by Crichton to employ language and discourse to create an atmosphere of authenticity that contributes greatly to blurring the line between reality and imagination. In addition, the study comprehensively analyses modern media platform technologies that are used to erode the boundaries between objective reality and fictional narratives, and their consequent effects on the dissemination of information. The study concluded that Crichton's novel The Andromeda Strain embodies the successful integration of scientific concepts with fantasy elements, which resulted in a captivating and intellectually stimulating narrative.

Reference in texts originates from the cohesive unity advocated by text scholars. It is inconceivable to consider a text devoid of referential elements, as the term "text" implies a collection of sentences rich with referential words that ensure coherence among its parts. This study focuses on the concept of reference in Quranic verses that indicate disbelief, as defined by ancient Arab scholars and text analysts. It explores how these references contribute to textual coherence by clarifying their types, methods, and importance in linking preceding and succeeding words and sentences, and in maintaining textual integrity.

Through our thorough examination of the poetry of Issa Hasan Al-Yasiri, it becomes evident that the poet deliberately employs symbolic vocabulary that suggests imaginative images shaped by active feminine presence. He presents poetic texts amidst waves of allegory and allusion, embodying a depiction of women intertwined with aspects of nature surrounding the poet. Al-Yasiri thus transforms them into symbols whose meaning manifests in two directions: one evoking optimism, communication, renewal, and the other portraying them as symbols of fracture and disappointments, paving the way for departure and absence, which he consistently links to the symbol of the homeland. Thus, he establishes them as symbolic essence grounded in interconnected signs.

The aim of this research is to learn the degree to which Arabic language teachers for primary school students in the country use the possibilities of free and clear tracking from the outcome of their thoughts. To achieve the objectives of the research, the descriptive approach was used, and the study population consisted of part of the Arabic language teachers, both male and female, in Dionysia Governorate, and was chosen. From this community, a random sample of (27) teachers, both male and female, was chosen randomly. The researcher presented a questionnaire on free-tracking skills, and the guided survey consisted of two areas: free-tracking, which consisted of (58) items, and the survey directed to the use of Arabic language teachers for the primary stage, which consisted of (45) items. The research was conducted for the possibilities of investigation and Free and directed tracking according to the outcome of their thoughts to a moderate degree. The results also showed that there are no differences in the degree of teachers’ use of the Arabic language to verify the implications of its validity and reliability. Results showed statistical significance at the significance level (0.05) in the degree of teachers’ use of it. The Arabic language for the primary stage in Iraq for free and directed inquiry skills from their point of view according to the variables of gender, while differences appeared according to the variable of academic qualification and in favor of teachers who hold a high level. In light of the results, the researcher recommended a number of relevant recommendations, including: alternating practices Scientific research among male and female teachers in the Arabic language subject, with the aim of enhancing knowledge of the possibilities of free and directed inquiry.

qi people about health centers is a positive mental image according to the data of the research results, according to the weighted arithmetic mean of the paragraphs in Table (4-5) according to which the image of health centers was measured, as the result of the weighted arithmetic mean of the paragraphs in ( Table 4) 2.36, which is high, and also (Table 5) 2.35, which was high. *The results of the research This study is about everything you are looking for from this topic, which required a main question
With (What is the mental image formed by health centers?) and another sub-section including: How satisfied is he with these services? What are the sources of his mental image formation?
Including a basic study to know the chemical image formed by the Iraqi people about medical doctors through the services provided to the people, as well as knowing the sources of forming the people’s mental image of health centers.
The research is considered a descriptive research in which the researcher adopted (the survey method) because it is the appropriate method for it, in addition to adopting the questionnaire and scale tools according to the (triple) Likert scale, as the research sample consisted of visitors to health centers in the city of Baghdad, with its two sides, Al-Karkh and Al-Rusafa, and amounted to 400 respondents, as The researcher relied on a multi-stage random sampling method.
The researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are:
* The mental image formed by the Irashowed that respondents form their mental perceptions of health centers through personal contact (visiting the center) in the first place, with a rate of 49.19%, then friends and relatives in the second place, with a rate of 28.86%, followed by social networking sites in third place, with a rate of 6.30%.
* The results of the research confirmed that the treatment of medical and nursing staff in health centers with patients and visitors is humane, at a rate of (81%) of the total population of the study sample.
*The results indicated that health center administrations responded to the people’s suggestions and complaints regarding all the services provided to them in order to work on developing them and improving their reality, at a rate of 49%.

Since its inception, humanity has expressed its social status through both vocal and physical mechanisms. This expression, characterized by performance and skill, has led many practitioners in the field of theatrical performance to seek performative methods and means aligned with the global discourse in what has become a small village. The skill of performance has become an integral aspect of this beauty. Recognizing the importance of this subject, the need arose to study and uncover the most important skills. Thus, the researcher formulated the title of their research as "Performative Skills in Street Theater Performances."
The significance of this lies in the fact that the physical and vocal performative skills of actors are essential in street theater. The research comprises four chapters: the first chapter outlines the research problem and its necessity, while the second chapter delves into the theoretical framework, encompassing references to performance and performative skills. Following this, the theoretical framework indicators are presented. The procedural chapter analyzes the research sample. Subsequently, the fourth chapter presents the results, conclusions, recommendations, and proposals, followed by the list of references.

This research deals with the issue of the age of obligation in the three religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, using comparison as a means to achieve its goals, which are represented in what is similar and what is different, regarding religious legislation related to the obligation of individuals to perform religious duties. It also examines the conditions of obligation, its manifestations, and the texts that indicate it. A careful consideration is given to the duties and rights required by those in charge, such as understanding religion, prayer, and reading holy texts. In conclusion, the most important findings of the research are recorded, all based on significant texts and reliable evidence.

In my research entitled "The Image of the Father in the Hebrew Short Story-selected models” the image of the father in five stories from modern Hebrew literature. The research included an introduction in which I briefly discussed the father and his features in three short stories. Twenty-Five Years for Dahlia Ravikovitc , Aharon Avraham Kabak A voice in the darkness , and “Funeral” by Yeshayaho Birshadiski. After the introduction, I dealt with four main sections. In the first section, I discussed the stories "Gold" and "Because of the Apple" by the authors Yehuda Burla and Yosef Agnon. secondly, I discussed the story "A Wonderful Story About My Prayer Book" by the Shmuel Yosef Kaniuk. In the third topic, I discussed the story "Fasting Meal" by the author Uri Nissan Gnessin. Finally, I discussed the story "Small World" by Smicha Ben Tsion. The reason for choosing the research is due to the importance of the topic, as it is related to the father, that wonderful character on whom the family's misery or happiness depends. The goal of the research is to highlight the image of the father in the Hebrew short story through the study of selected models of prominent authors in modern Hebrew literature. The methodology I adopted is the analytical method.

Poetry is the most concise and emotional product of literature and art, which this poet, Cahit Külebi, has masterfully contributed to the Turkish literary scene with his unique style and touch. As a poet, who also worked as a literature teacher and a national inspector for education, he never ceased to write poetry and produce in this field. His poems were published in various magazines such as "Varlık", "Sokak İnsan", "Türk Dili", and "Yarattısh". The works of Cahit Külebi, who wrote poems in the fields of realistic and new romantic poetry, have been translated into more than 20 languages.
In our study, the concepts of advice and counsel are synonymous, one of Turkish origin and the other of Arabic origin. Both concepts are identical in meaning. Advising another person on truth and beauty is the phrase used to guide them towards what is right. It is the effort of a more mature, experienced, and intelligent person to direct another towards good and sound advice, which is the term used for a set of spoken words to avoid bad habits and behaviors or to guide them towards goodness, considered sacred among people and having many benefits such as self-education for individuals. On the other hand, Cahit Külebi did not neglect to offer advice and counsel in his poems, incorporating them uniquely into his expressions.
We will begin our study after this abstract by examining the life of the poet and his literary works. Finally, we will delve into the concepts of advice and counsel in the poems of Cahit Külebi.