Journal of Basra researches for Human Sciences

The word (brother) has been chosen because it is repeated quite frequently in the holy Quran, about eighty two times. It came singular, dual plural and in genitive. It had multiple references. It is used to refer to the real brother in some contexts, and it is used to refer to the unreal (metaphorical) brother in some other context. It is used to refer other references than the brother, where the killer had been referred to as brother and the orphan is called so also. Human beings intellectual agreement on good deeds had been called bond brother hood, where as their gathering on evil had been called evil brother hood.
I tried to show the reference of this lexical item in all contexts and its impact and affection on and by the general atmosphere of the chapter it had been used into reach at showing the accuracy of selecting quranic lexical item in repeating it in different meanings for different intentions to show what impact it has on the general meaning. This is done after researching the opinions of the muslim scholars who specialized in the interpretation of the Quran.

the Researcher studied in this research "Surat AL kawthar" and what contains of the methods and the visitation that explain the mircle faund of the quranic expression and the obvious challenge for the cloguent Arabs the analytic study was begun by definition AL-kawthar and phrased and what was in the "sura" of the in terview and the approprinte, pronouns, characters, actions and methods.

Every ancient nation has a distinct civilization that distinguishes it and expresses its bid for its own sake for the humanity, emphasizes its originality and vitality in the development and survival among the other nations` civilization. For this, we find that the Arabic nation has a civilization stretching its deep roots in the human existence and history, taken, interacted, accomplished, excelled and left for its children and for humanity a huge heritage contains its experiences and the suffering of its generations of writers, scientists, doctors, artists and philosophers, help in enriching the intellect and developing knowledge and innovating methods and tools, and raising the taste and varying the expertise and sources of wisdom, the west had noticed after their renaissance the value of this great heritage, its precious and its great wealth which is useful and the great treasures it has in the various fields of science and knowledge. There is no doubt, immortalizing the men who served science, knowledge and heritage is a right scientific step because their personalities remain immortal in the march of life granted it stream, thought and a high example despite their loss. This research which I present for the researcher and the investigator in the heritage and manuscripts \"Georgis Awad\" and what he has done for the Arabic and Islamic heritage is a great service and his contribution is a distinct role in investigating and publishing the manuscripts as well his indexing and dissemination of our Arabic heritage to the whole world.

This article deals with the Prophet Moses approach (peace be upon him) in negotiating: a Quranic study, as an attempt to track and induction some prophets methods (peace be upon them) in a call to Allah, which took the several dimensions in the communities in which the Prophets (peace be upon them) sent to them. Following the negotiation approach that based on the mind’s approach rather than force’s approach as a manner to deal with opponents in the call to Allah. The successful approach is based on the surround of the details of the negotiating process, which will reflect positively on the results of the negotiations, especially in the field of the call to Allah.

Had a biography of the Messenger of God , the influence of fundamental and crucial inall reality for people in various as pects, especially in the economic life as some of his quotations did not reach us intact and unortho dox, but was twisted intentionally orunintentionally ,where narrators not Iknasr transfer especially what Tiguenoh of events and affairs , but they added a lot of him Almaznont or Almokhtlqat created by partis an ship and fancies and interests

The study of the historical figguces is one of the important in modern history since it is main focus is to show the political , economic or social product of aspecific person throughout his life . There fore , the subject of my research is “Kameal El-Assaad and his national role in Lebanon for the period 1952-1975". The research focused on high highting his role in Lebanon within the parliament and the ministry , he has help for the duration of the study. It also dealt with his national attitudes which he lived toward most of crucial issues in Lebanon.

Flogging emerged mines since the dawn of history to address some of the negative situations in human societies throughout the ages, to reduce the moral corruption crimes and other crimes that were committed by some people against others. This punishment and aims to achieve the interest of the individual and the community to live in safety and contentment, because the main objective of which is to evaluate the individual and the reform of the offender and refined, and through which generally all of the thinking of committing that offense that there is a penalty waiting for him to stand up, and can be seen by looking at the specifics of Nations and it dates Arab or non-Arab. And the importance of the death penalty in the Muslim community, we find that Allah Almighty may make legislation in more than one place in the Koran, as well as used by the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his family peace and Caliphs, God bless them in application as stated in the Koran, as well as in the treatment of other cases as punishment Tazirah . So this research came to give a picture of flogging since ancient history until the end of Rashidi era.

Iran crisis which began in 1978 is not new in its essence as it is qualitatively different from the past, it is contemporary to the time of the Islamic revolution of Iran, the Soviet intervention in the Afghan crisis came to prevent the extension of revolutionary Islamic influence to Iran's neighbors , which include Afghanistan since the two countries have common denominators throughout history it was obvious that the Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan lead to move by Iran.

The research summarizes sample features study for water irrigation of Tigress that accounts from significant sources water then the situation demands continuous evaluation for this source and observe its changes. Through the study identifies features chemistry for Tigress water that all electricity transmission function, melted salt, basis, concentrating positive ions )Ca+2,Na+,Mg+2k) and concentrating negative ions (CI-,So4-2 ) during the period (2009 – 2013).Inorder to evaluate the water of tigress for irrigation in Iraq,it was subjected by the ecumenical standard.

Beekeeping (apiculture) is regarded as one of the important agricultural craftsmanship. The number of beekeepers is about 142 in Basra having about 2992 beehives. In Abu-al Khaseeb, there are 940 beehives with the percentage of 31% out of the total number in Basra. The cost of making a beehive depends on its size. The small ones cost two millions and the big ones fifteen Iraqi million dinars. Further, The cost of honey production is between 15 to 25 thousand dinars/kilogram and the sale average of honey is between 50 to 70 Iraqi thousand dinars/ kilogram in 2014.

The goal of current research to: measure the quality of life of university students. Identify current research sample of University/ College of Education/ students scientific and humanitarian sections of the academic year (2009 -2010) > The sample totaled (400) students. The research used the quality of life of students prepared by Mansi scale and kazim (2006) consists of (60) items. The results showed that the level of quality the research sample is less than the level of quality in the community who pulled him sample t- test results also showed a significant difference between students sign in humanitarian and scientific departments in the quality level for the benefit of processes , the researcher recommended attention to the quality of life of students at all levels of education . She suggested a researcher studying the quality of life of students in colleges and other sections.

ِThe goal of current research to build a loss of hope among the university students for the academic year scale (2014-2015), and to identify the level of hopelessness among university students, and the goal of current research is to identify the significance of the differences in the loss of hope by variable sex, including current research community (24062 ) students and students from the University of Basra, was pulling a random sample, the researchers used the following statistical methods to achieve the objectives of the research) samples t-test for two independent samples, samples t to one sample test, Pearson) .okan correlation coefficient of the main findings of the study :
1. Find the current society that suffers from a loss of hope.
2. There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) in the level of loss of hope among the students Gamah.oofaqa current researchers presented the results of a number of recommendations

Researcher chose medium-Yamamah Girls of the Directorate of Education province of Dhi Qar, and chose from the second row average two divisions (A, B): the first experimental group triangle and the number of her students (33 students), and the second control group and the number of her students (34 students) . Before the start of the teaching conducted researcher parity between students of the two groups in a number of statistical variables: the chronological age of the students measured in months, and the educational attainment of the parents, students and degrees in Arabic language rules for the previous academic year 2014-2015, and test language ability. Also identified topics to be studied in the experiment and reached six subjects, as coined (67) behaviorally target, presented to a group of experts and specialists, then a promising researcher plans to teach subjects experience for both groups and display them on a group of experts and specialists, studied the researcher sets himself . Researcher also prepared a test in the subject of Arabic grammar consists of (30) checksums paragraph, check out his sincerity and persistence, and applied the test on two groups of students search at the end of the experiment, which lasted 10 weeks. After analyzing the data using t- test for two independent samples, the researcher suggested a difference statistically significant between the average collection of students two sets of research at the level of (0.05) for the benefit of the experimental group that studied the Arabic language rules in accordance with the use of a strategic express-plan - evaluation. At the end of the experiment the researcher recommended a number of recommendations, including: the need for attention to the Arabic language teachers and parameters using express –strategy plan - evaluation of each of the subjects textbooks assessments to suit the mental and cognitive abilities to second grade students average. He proposed to hold subsequent studies can be complementary to the current search, including: conducting a study on the strategy (express-plan - evaluation) with modern models for other theories.

The current study aimed to identify the level of time management skills with the students and faculties of law pharmacy, and identify differences in the degrees of students on a scale differences in students scores on the scale of management time skills depending on the different, (sex, specialty, grade). The stud population consisted of (1612) students. Results of the study: Students have the faculties of law and pharmacy skill in managing their time, There are significant difference between students of the faculties of law and pharmacy in the field of planning, Back to the variable grade.

Although many societies, all over the world and Iraq amongst them, had started to adopt new attitudes towards women and their roles in building the societies, we still can find the same old sexist views exist in the majority of the EFL textbooks. This study is an attempt to explore the status of sexism in the current EFL textbook "English for Iraq" used in the fifth preparatory classes in the Iraqi preparatory schools. The study uncovers many aspects of sexism in this textbook. It shows that the women in the English language textbook "English for Iraq" are less visible than men as characters, and are portrayed in stereotypical roles with occupations.

The study explores the perceptibility of English sonority profiling by advanced Iraqi learners (AIL) of English from the perspective of the Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP) . By implementing this principle, we disfavour the analyses formulated using strict prosodic hierarchies. Put in technical terms, due emphasis is dedicated in this study to the role of segment juxtaposition in syllabic patterning (i.e. the syllabic combinatory constraints) to determine English sonority profiling. The subjects of the study are 10 postgraduate M.A. students (5 males and 5 females) at the Departments of English-Colleges of Arts and Education-University of Basra-Iraq (Academic Year 2014-2015). Twenty tokens ( 10 monosyllabic words and 10 bisyllabic words) are deployed as the targets. The subjects' responses are treated statistically via mean values and percentage analyses. A sample spectrograms are also carried out to help highlight the significance of the acoustic correlates in signifying the relative English sonority. Based on Hogg and McCully's (1987) 10-point sonority scale and the spectrographic analysis of sample spectrograms, intensity charts, and waveforms, the study concludes, given the (80 %) compliance and (20 % ) violation ( in a pattern of reversals) for the monosyllabic targets, and the relative compliance (60%), and (40%) violation (in a form of reversals) for the bisyllabic tokens, that SSP is a considerably reliable phonological predictor for identifying sonority profiling. Acoustically speaking, intensity profiling, waveform charts, and F1 values totally support the SSP and sonority scaling.