Journal of heritage samarra

As the previous episodes discussed the topic of predestination and free will, or "Command between two authorities" in Imam Al-Hadi’s (PBUH) hadith, the researcher wants to highlight what Imam Al-Sadiq (PBUH) said about the command between two authorities and abrogation of other opinions. Imam Al-Sadiq’s hadith, in this letter, contains several supreme meanings and noble concepts that no one has ever expressed. Therefore, we divided it into two parts. As Imam Al-Hadi’s statement, the first part will be discussed in this episode, and the second in the next. The most important topics we will address in this study include: The first is the validity of the hadith consulted by the Holy Quran and the Sunnah. The second is the hadith’s implications for probing its connotations and meanings that Imam Al-Hadi (PBUH) clarified.

The Quranic extensions in Imam Al-Askari\'s quotes mean that the quotes mentioned in the Imam’s saying have intended extensions in the holy Quran. They even have intended associations found in the surah goals from which the Imam quoted (PBUH). This phenomenon is observed in previous papers, which allowed the current research to hypothesize that Imam Al-Askari\'s quotes and speeches about Imam Al-Mahdi have associations with the text from which he quoted (PBUH). They may also have general extensions in the surah and its goals. The study seeks to verify the validity of this assumption to prove it.
The study structure includes a preface and three sections. The first section tackles the first quote entitled \"Quranic extensions in Imam Al-Askari\'s speech at the birth of Imam Al-Mahdi.\" This section is subdivided into three subsections: the first was entitled \"the narration of Imam Al-Mahdi’s Birth and the political context at the time of his birth,\" the second subsection was entitled \"Quranic Extensions in the summary of the surah and its objectives.\" The third was entitled \"Extensions and the Similarity between Imam Al-Mahdi and the Prophet Moses in the political context at the time of their births.\"
The second section was entitled \"Quranic Extensions in the Similarity between the Inspiration to Um Musa and the Inspiration to Um Al-Imam Al-Mahdi (PBUH). \" It was divided into three sub-sections; the first was entitled \"Similarity of inspiration,\" the second was entitled \"Similarity in preventing suckling and searching for the newborn,\" and the third was entitled \"Intentionality in Imam Al-Askari\'s quote.\"
The third section was entitled \"For Imam Al-Askari, (PBUH) \" divided into three sub-sections. The first sub-section was entitled \"Determine the quote location in the surah, its summary, and objectives.\" The second sub-section was entitled \"Textual extensions of the first quote.\" The third sub-section was entitled \"Textual extensions of the second quote.\" The conclusion summarizes the most important findings.

This study examines an essential stage in Islamic history: the transition of Imamate from the era of presence to occultation. After the Awaited Imam Al-Mahdi (MAHR) took over the Imamate after his father\'s death, Imam Al-Hasan Al-Askari (PBUH), in (260 A.H / 873 A.D), the minor occultation began and lasted for about seventy years from (260 AH - 329 AH). During this sensitive period, the Imam appointed four deputies to act on his behalf in communicating with people. They were the link between the Imam and his followers. Additionally, the Imam appointed several representatives in the essential Islamic regions, either directly or through the four deputies, to act as agents on behalf of Imam Al-Mahdi to carry out their duties. The first section of this study discusses the personalities of the four deputies and the texts of the three Imams, Al-Hadi, Al-Askari, and Al-Mahdi (PBUT), which describe their virtues, justice, reliability, and the significant roles they played during minor occultation age. The second section highlights the most prominent Imam Al-Mahdi’s deputies during the minor occultation, where some were directly appointed by the Imam. Next, the study reviews the views of narrators’ scholars regarding their personalities, reliability, roles, and writings. Finally, the conclusion sums up the study findings.

The study focuses on studying and documenting the stages of development of the two Al-Askari Imams (PBUT) after their martyrdom and burial in this holy place. The study sheds light on عليه السلام brief introduction to the two Al-Askari Imams' (PBUT) lives. Also, it covers the construction of the sacred shrine, starting from the first construction during Sheikh Al-Tusi's time until the last stage during the royal age in the early decades of the past twentieth century, in addition to the reconstruction that took place after the bombing in 2006.

Praise be to Allah, and peace be upon His chosen servants. Books and libraries did not appear among the Arabs until they abandoned their illiteracy and sought religious and worldly knowledge after the spread of Islam and their response to what it was called for, such as research, thinking, and education. When they began establishing libraries, they followed the Persian and Greek libraries and were influenced by them in collecting books and founding libraries.
The destruction of libraries is an ancient practice. Destroyers of libraries appeared simultaneously with the emergence of books, and Arab Islamic libraries were affected by the disasters and catastrophes that befell this nation. However, libraries fulfilled a noble civilizational message and achieved the true meaning of their establishment and role in preserving Arab Islamic scientific and human heritage. In this study, the researcher addressed one of the significant libraries, Sayyid Al-Mujadid Al-Shirazi in Samarra, a prosperous library containing valuable books and manuscripts. The researcher followed the numbers of those manuscripts, the names of their authors, the fate of their manuscripts and books, and the degree of destruction that befell them

Baghdad province was a destination for tourists, travelers, and visitors worldwide due to its cultural heritage and the infallible Imams\' shrines. Nasseruldin Shah was one of these visitors to the holy cities in the Baghdad province at the end of 1870. He recorded his observations about those shrines when Ottoman-Iranian relations were significantly improving. Religious, political, and security motives drove Shah\'s visit to the holy shrines. The Ottoman government\'s approval of the visit aimed to secure its borders with Iran and improve relations.
Samarra was one of the holy cities visited by the Shah, and it was his last stop before leaving Ottoman territories for Iran. The Shah spoke in his memoirs about the most significant problem that his convoy faced in Samarra: the scarcity of food and fodder that they suffered greatly from. It was why many of his companions left Baghdad province for Iran before the Shah\'s departure. The Shah also shed light on the conditions of the city through his description of its walls, houses, streets, and historical monuments, which he sometimes described as \"ruins\" and sometimes as \"castles.\" He referred to the ancient palaces without mentioning their names; some of these monuments were given inaccurate names. In addition, his memoirs included a detailed description of the holy shrine of the two Al-Askari Imams, especially the dome and the holy sanctuary, which he had previously ordered to be renovated by his agent, Abdulhussein Al-Tehrani, and he took pride in these accomplishments.

This study aims to achieve two main goals; first, to introduce Ja'far bin Warqa'a Al-Shaybani, one of the Abbasid dynasty princes. He was born in the last quarter of the third century (A.H) and had a significant presence in the events that faced the Abbasid state since the early fourth century (A.H). He was a Persian poet and man of letters, and his works were documented by scholars of both the Sunni and Shiite sects. However, he was Imami, as evident in the book he authored on the Imamate of the prince of believers (Amir Al-Mu'minin) and his superiority over the Imams of the Prophet’s household. The second goal is to collect the remaining poetry scattered in sources that referred to him or quoted his poetry.

The study discusses, in its three sections, the history of Al- Qatol River in ancient and modern Arabic sources, as well as the confusion among historians regarding its names. It also provides a brief overview of the historical significance of this river. Moreover, the study examines literary texts, particularly poetry, that mention Al- Qatol River. The core of the study focuses on the tributaries and branches that flow into Al- Qatol River, as well as those that originate from it. It also studies the names of the river's branches and tributaries. From this perspective, the study aims to comprehensively explore certain aspects related to this river. While it does not claim to have completely covered the subject, it does encompass a significant portion of its history. The historical material presented in the study is limited due to the scarcity and inaccuracy of available historical and archaeological evidence. Therefore, it is possible for others to provide a more comprehensive analysis in the future