Journal of Al-Farahidis Arts

Symbolism in Arabic literature has formed an artistic doctrine for some poets, as studies, articles and research have been devoted to it; as it makes the researcher deduce the writer\'s idea and his true purpose behind his work, so that it adds a certain privacy and taste to literature that differs from one poet to another, as there is a direct relationship between the psychological state and the writer, as the symbol is like a sign from the poet behind which he hides some things that the author does not want to reach the recipient directly; but through research and investigation, as the symbol was often the mask of the creator through which he was able to go beyond topics and employ them by mentioning symbols that express them, such as the place of ruins, which he often makes a symbol of the beloved, and resorts to nature as a material symbol of survival and the continuation of life, so that some poets employed moral symbols; to express the psychological state that he went through, and he wants to convey it to the recipient by researching and interpreting it; The symbol in literature is the suggestion and allusion, and the indirect expression of hidden psychological aspects, as it suggests the poet\'s hidden thoughts and emotions by employing special words, to convey the meaning with a hidden or ambiguous effect, i.e. expressing thoughts and emotions in an indirect way, and by setting expectations for the nature of those thoughts and emotions; by stimulating the mind of the recipient, and showing the interpretations of that recipient to reach the poet\'s intention and understand his psychological state, from this standpoint came the research entitled (Symbol in the Poetry of Ibn al-Abbar al-Andalusi - An Analytical Study); to highlight the effectiveness of employing the symbol within his verses; and to express his psychological and emotional state that he went through in his life that he lived far from his motherland (Valencia) and his longing for it in his exile; Resorting to the manifestations of nature, and employing material and moral symbols for that, the research was based on a group of natural symbols represented by (the symbol of place, the symbol of the Pleiades, the symbol of the moon, and the symbol of the river), the symbol of plants including: (the lily plant), the symbol of animals including: (horses, birds \"pigeon\"), and another group of moral symbols such as (the symbol of the wheel \"continuity and life\", the symbol of the seductresses, the symbol of crying and joy represented by \"the presence of pain/crying, and the absence of joy/joking and playfulness in the days of youth\", the symbol of the man \"for giving\", and the symbol of colors: such as the color red (for twilight and killing, and the symbols of the colors of \"sunrise, sunset, and the moon\", the symbol of new creation and happy times, and the symbol of the blade \"for sharpness and killing\").

This research seeks to trace the connotations of the journey in the poetry of Ka\'b bin Zuhair, the poem (Banat Su\'ad) as a model, as the reader of ancient poetry finds that the travel motif is present in most poems, especially in pre-Islamic and Islamic poems, and this explains the preoccupation of critics in ancient and modern times, although the results of their approaches differed. We found in this poem a difference in the role of the journey as a generative structure in the previous poetic achievement of Ka\'b bin Zuhair, and our research plan was based on an introduction in which we talked about the most important critical opinions that dealt with this motif, then we followed the introduction with a critical approach to the aforementioned poem, and the focus was on the travel motif and its relationship to the motif of nasib and the motif that follows it, which is the motif of apology and praise.

Although this Andalusian poet is obscure, and there is no mention of him or his poetry in the known sources, and he is the last of the poets of Andalusia, his collection has a number of advantages that enhance its importance and give it a leading position, including that it is the only source for identifying its author, and that his poetry is closely linked to his personality and strongly connected to his life, as it is considered a historical document full of clear-cut images of the difficult and sad life of the Muslim Arabs as they see the loss of their kingdom and glory. And because the poet is usually the tongue of his people who speak of the vicissitudes of their lives, we resolved to seek out his emotional experience, which we see as a critical term that is considered in the world of poetry the driving force of the elements of creativity in the soul of any poet, and that it is the base from which the poetic text takes off, soaring in the world of art and creativity.

Although this Andalusian poet is obscure, and there is no mention of him or his poetry in the known sources, and he is the last of the poets of Andalusia, his collection has a number of advantages that enhance its importance and give it a leading position, including that it is the only source for identifying its author, and that his poetry is closely linked to his personality and strongly connected to his life, as it is considered a historical document full of clear-cut images of the difficult and sad life of the Muslim Arabs as they see the loss of their kingdom and glory. And because the poet is usually the tongue of his people who speak of the vicissitudes of their lives, we resolved to seek out his emotional experience, which we see as a critical term that is considered in the world of poetry the driving force of the elements of creativity in the soul of any poet, and that it is the base from which the poetic text takes off, soaring in the world of art and creativity.

The research aims to reach the communication relationships between the handwritten letter and the printed letter, which lead us to the beginnings of the handwritten letter and how it reached the current printed letter. This relationship leads us to the beginnings of the formation of the paragraph that ended with the outputs of the completed book. Writing is originally a composition and organization of letters, and the book is extracted from previous sources and books, if it is written with a pen, joined, collected, threaded and beaded. It is said that a book is a paper, meaning that it is written with letters and joined them together, and the writer wrote books, meaning he collected them. Writing has become common in common usage for the work of the pen by hand in photographing and engraving letters, and for the written letters themselves. These relationships can take multiple forms and models, between copies of manuscripts and the texts of printed works.

Alienation is one of the important technical terms that modern criticism relied on, especially among the Russian formalists, in examining the literary text and explaining its aesthetics. Hence, we chose this term in our research entitled (Alienation in the Character of Namik Sultan), and applied its concept to the character as a prominent element in shaping Namik Sultan\'s prose poems, whose poetry included many artistic phenomena subject to the concept of alienation; therefore, we decided to shed light on it.
On the methodological side, the research chose an analytical approach that starts from the artistic structure of the text in critical examination and interpretation, with attention to the external reference if it appears in the text, and necessity necessitated returning to it to support the analysis.
As for the research plan, it was based on an introduction, two axes, and a conclusion that included the most important results reached by the research and a list of the sources and references that the research relied on. The introduction showed the importance of the character as a pivotal element in poetic texts with a narrative tendency, while explaining the effect of alienation in shaping it and enhancing its poetic nature. The first axis was entitled (Dual Personality), examining transformation (disfigurement or distortion of the character) and the splitting of the character (the double). The second axis was entitled (Loss of Personality - the Absent One), examining the manifestations of its absence.

The research seeks to measure the public's confidence represented by a sample of (120) lecturers in the media colleges and departments in Iraqi governmental universities located in the capital Baghdad specifically, in the performance of Iraqi governmental institutions (ministries), through the appearance of their official spokespeople on Iraqi channels and providing information and making statements related to the activities and tasks of their ministries, as the research problem focused on a main question: "To what extent does the Iraqi public trust the performance of Iraqi governmental institutions through the television appearance of official spokespeople on Iraqi channels?"
The research is considered descriptive and based on the survey method, in order to survey the research sample of lecturers according to academic titles (assistant lecturer, lecturer, assistant professor, doctor, professor), and the scientific methodology was applied to the sample starting from the steps of selecting it to the procedures for measuring the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, which was considered a research tool to achieve the specific goals. The research concluded with a set of results, the most important of which were the following:
(64.2%) of the total sample followed the statements of the official spokespeople of the ministries on Iraqi channels on a regular basis, for various reasons, most notably knowing the latest news and information about specific ministries, and that the position of (81.7%) Of the total sample, the credibility of the statements of official spokesmen on Iraqi channels is believed in the context of building trust in the official performance of Iraqi ministries. Also, (84.2%) of the total sample agreed that the reflection of the television appearance of official spokesmen on public trust focused on attempts to identify the latest developments in the decisions of their ministries. More than two-thirds of the sample agreed that official spokesmen exercise influence on them through their appearance on Iraqi channels towards forming convictions and trust in the official government performance of the ministries, and the official spokesman of the Ministry of Interior ranked first in terms of influence and convincing the sample of the performance of his ministry through his television appearance.

Electronic newspaper websites are among the important sites in providing the public with information and news about various issues, as they have become a destination for many people due to their characteristics that have made them at the forefront of the media, as these newspapers are characterized by speed and immediacy in following events, and the possibility of exceeding spatial and temporal boundaries, in addition to the availability of one of the most important elements of superiority represented by the possibility of using multimedia, which enables them to display information in multiple ways, which contributes to adding a kind of credibility and dazzle to their browsers, and for the above, we began implementing the idea of this study, especially with the selection of the research community from among the distinguished elites in society represented by the professors of the Universities of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriya.
The research aims to achieve a number of goals, including:
1. Revealing the nature of the exposure of professors to electronic press websites.
2. Standing on the extent of university professors\' confidence in the information published in electronic press.
3. Revealing the satisfactions achieved from university professors\' exposure to electronic press websites.
4. Identifying the extent of university professors\' preference between electronic newspapers and their counterparts Paper.
The researcher reached important results, including:
1. Teachers are exposed to electronic newspapers weekly.
2. More than half of the teachers trust the information published in electronic newspapers very much.
3. Teachers satisfy their needs to follow events by browsing electronic newspapers.
4. More than half of the teachers prefer electronic newspapers over their paper counterparts.

Artificial intelligence has contributed to achieving a radical change in several fields, including the media field, by presenting a set of innovative methods, as the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the media field has become at an accelerated pace with the aim of enabling creators and journalists to perform many tasks. Therefore, the current study attempted to explore the reality of using artificial intelligence technologies among media students at Iraqi universities and to identify the most prominent positive and negative effects of the reality of using these technologies for students. The study was applied to a sample of 170 individuals from media students at Iraqi universities, and it was taken into account that they be representative of the various specializations in the field of media, allowing a broader understanding of the reality of using artificial intelligence technologies for media students at Iraqi universities. The sample was drawn through an electronic questionnaire designed via Google Forms. The study found that media students at Iraqi universities are aware of the importance of using artificial intelligence technologies and their positive impact on the quality of media production. The results showed that they have a positive orientation towards employing these technologies, with several main areas identified, including data analysis, visual content production, and news writing. However, the research revealed a set of challenges facing students, such as difficulty accessing educational resources, lack of institutional support, and high costs of artificial intelligence tools. These findings reflect the need to update curricula, and enhance institutional and training support, to facilitate the integration of AI into media education and enhance students’ competence in this evolving field.

The research seeks to shed light on the crucial role played by the media in raising awareness among youth and motivating them to deal with environmental issues, as well as its role in supporting efforts to achieve sustainable development goals. The study followed a descriptive analytical approach with the aim of reaching accurate results, as a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 100 young people. The results of the analysis showed a significant relationship between the media and its role in influencing the behavior of young people, directing them towards environmental issues, and enhancing their awareness of the importance of sustainable development.
The study confirmed that the media is not just a tool for transmitting information, but rather an effective means of shaping behaviors and motivating individuals to adopt positive environmental practices. The study also showed that the media plays an essential role in spreading environmental awareness among young people, which contributes to achieving a balance between preserving environmental resources and meeting the needs of economic and social development.

The study aimed to know the contents of infographics in the Turkish Anadolu Agency for the period from 1/1/2024 to 1/3/2024, by using a content analysis form, as the researcher used the descriptive survey method based on the content analysis tool in order to collect and analyze data with (177) infographics. The study reached a number of results, the most prominent of which are:
1. The category (security and military infographic contents) in the Turkish Anadolu Agency obtained first place with a frequency of (47) and a percentage of (26.55%).
2. The category (Special sources of the Anadolu Agency) for infographics in the Turkish Anadolu Agency obtained first place with a frequency of (54) and a percentage of (30.50%).
3. The artistic presentation style (static presentation) of the infographic in the Turkish Anadolu Agency obtained the first place with a repetition of (80) and a percentage of (45.19%).

Our research focused on studying habitus in Mosul society according to the determinants that legitimized social relations based on cultural capital, social capital, symbolic capital, etc., and the extent of their connection to the reproduction of social symbols that worked to define differences, belonging, and distinction between individuals in fields and space and what can contribute to self-realization and respect for others, starting with habitus or the ability or readiness to form the trends and desires of individuals according to their framework or social perspective of the culture in which they believe and its principles, and that any society has special indicators and standards through which it determines the desired and undesirable social changes and the process of transition between spaces and fields based on social mechanisms that individuals may agree upon because they carry an individual or social benefit.

This study aimed to identify the level of awareness of information specialists in the Central Library of the University of Basra of the importance of the transition to a knowledge economy, as well as to study the differences between the sexes in the level of this awareness. The study used the descriptive analytical approach and the case study method, where data were collected from a sample of 21 information specialists using a questionnaire consisting of 22 paragraphs distributed over three main axes. The data were analyzed using advanced statistical tools such as the t-test, percentage weight, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation. The results showed that the transition to a knowledge economy contributes to changing the roles of information specialists and motivating them to innovate, with no statistically significant differences between the sexes except for some paragraphs in favor of females. The study recommends developing academic curricula and infrastructure to be compatible with the requirements of the knowledge economy.

The emergence of so-called digital technology is an important turning point in the development of the scientific research movement. The Internet has made it easier and more efficient for researchers to conduct research, due to the sources of information it provides related to the latest scientific findings in all disciplines. Thus, researchers, whether academics or graduate students, must resort to using the electronic sources of information provided by the Internet in order to succeed in conducting their research, especially with the huge amount of research and publications being conducted, as the traditional method based on traditional libraries or university books is no longer useful.

This study aims to analyze the reality of the Central Library at the Northern Technical University, by identifying the organizational structure of the library, its departments and units. It also seeks to identify the services, technologies and innovative systems used in the library. The study relied on the descriptive analytical approach to study the Central Library at the Northern Technical University in Nineveh Governorate. The study reached several important results, most notably: Despite the modernity of the Central Library at the Northern Technical University in Nineveh Governorate, it was able to provide electronic services and activities supported by the Internet. The library has a rich and diverse collection of information sources, totaling 9747 traditional and electronic sources. The library also provides its services to a wide segment of beneficiaries, with a number of 8282 beneficiaries. Among the most important proposals concluded by the study: Allocating an independent budget to support information sources in the Central Library of the Northern Technical University: It is necessary to provide diverse and modern information sources to support academic and research programs, by allocating an independent budget that allows the library to purchase the required materials without the need to rely on external or limited sources.