Sport culture

This Research aims to show the effect of using the competitive training approach in acquiring some major skills in basketball, the sample of the research has consisted of the students of the first stage in the collage of sport of education, Mosul University, in the academic year 2011-2012.
To the amount of 38 students distributing on 2 groups, the first group consisted of 18 students representing the empirical group, while the second one consisted of 20 students representing the control group, these students have been tested by skilling tests in basketball as following:
- The test of accuracy to pass with hands.
- The test of accuracy to pass with one hand.
- The test of pivoting by changing the direction.

It has been used the following statistical means to find out the results:
- Mathematical average
- Standard deviation
- T-test for non equal samples
- T-test for equal samples

The researchers have concluded:
1- there are abstract differences among the results of the students in the prior and advanced test for the students of empirical group in favor of advanced test.
2- There are no abstract differences among the results of the students in the advanced test among the students of empirical group and the control one.

It comprises of an introduction, the research significance, problem, hypotheses and domains, where the research significance may contribute in presenting the steps that help in promoting the students' level in teaching some skills in football and benefit from the strategy of cooperative learning in preparing the teacher of physical education.
As to the research problem, it is the weakness of students' level in basic skills of football game and one of its most important causes is the non variety of teaching styles which the researcher thinks come with various styles including the cooperative style according to the small group system.
The research aims at identifying the effect of cooperative learning strategy according to (J1) system in teaching some skills in football game.
The researcher hypothesizes:
- There are statistically significant difference between the pre- and post tests for some skills in football game for the interest of post tests and for both groups with an error ratio of 5%.
- There are statistically significant difference between the post tests of both experimental groups and the control group in the tests of some skills in football game for the interest of the experimental group with an error ratio of 5%.
As to research limitations: a sample of intermediate second class students for the academic year 2012-2013.
Chapter two: Theoretical studies:
In it, the researcher addresses the theoretical studies including the teaching styles and their importance as well as the evolution of cooperative learning and the basic skills in football.
Chapter three: includes the research method and its field procedures where the researcher chooses the experimental method to match the nature of research problem.
Chapter four: the exposure of results, their analysis and discussion:
It includes the exposure of results, their analysis and discussion at which the researcher arrived through the data using the appropriate statistical means.
- Conclusions.
- Recommendations.

The problem of this research is that most of previous studies and researchers tackled the effect of taking creatine in a limited aspect (functional or physical) and neglect other physical and physiological aspects and there were no comprehensive study deal with the effect of creatine on some physical, physiological and biochemical variables (including hormones and enzymes) and body composition and measurements in one experiment under the same conditions to study the effect of creatine on one specimen group in the same level, in the same age and under the same conditions. Most experiments performed on weight lifters and body builders and for each study were there is a specific specimen level and there was no study on the beginners to know if it affects the beginners the same way as the trainees , and the researcher deals with variables not presented in previous studies like the effect of creatine in blood pressure values (systolic and diastolic) the activity of creatine kinaze enzyme on rest and after running and testosterone level. So the researcher deals with most body components and measurments and the effect of creatine on muscle volume (increasing or decreasing) and the thickness of skin folds for getting new data that help in training process, athletes preparing programs and developing athletic level . The aims of the research is to find :-
1- The significant difference in some physical between pre-and post test for the experimental and control group .
2- The significant difference in some physical, between the two post-test for experimental and control group . The researcher supposes that:
1- There is a significant difference between pre and post test in some physical, variables for the experimental and control group for the benefit of the post test .
2- There is a significant difference between the two post-test in some physical, physiological for the experimental and control group in post test for the benefit of the experimental group .
The researcher used the experimental program because it is suited to the nature of research which was practiced on a group of (50) participants in physical fitness activities which have no previous athletic experience and did not train in the past, the research specimen was choozen from them which are 20 participants chosen intentionally, this specimen in turn was divided into 2 groups randomly, each group Comprises 10 participants.
After achieving equivalence between the two groups in the variables of chronological age, length, body mass, running 30m, and muscular force of different aspects (maximum force of the muscles of arms, chest and legs, explosive force for arms and legs muscle, speed force for the muscles of arms, chest, legs and abdomen) .
The experimental design includes two groups, one is experimental and the other is control, the pre test were performed on both groups, then the dependant programs were accomplished, the experimental group performed the training programs with the taking of pure creatine , the control group performed the training without taking pure creatine then the post-test were performed to see the difference between the pre-and post-test of each group individually, and make a comparison between the two groups in the post-test.
The research includes designing a training program that is agreed by some expert and also includes doing a number. of experiments and determining the intensities used in training programs and doing some pre test measurments for a number. of physical, that depended in the research, then the training program, implemented which took 9 weeks by 3 medium courses 4 times weekly, and (2:1) load motion wave for each medium course .
After finishing the training program the post tests and measurments were performed using the same guidelines in the pre tests and measurments .
The researcher reached to the following conclusions :-
The training program obviously improved both groups in body variables (maximum force of the muscles of arms, chest, and legs, speed force of the muscles of arms, chest, legs, and abdomen, explosive force of arms and legs muscles, maximum transmission speed). The experimental group that take creatine has greater development changes in the physical variables than the control group .
The researcher presents the following recommendations and suggestions :-
1- Encourage taking creatine to improve performance and raise the level in activities that characterized by maximum intensity and sub-maximum intensity for short periods such as force and speed activities .under supervisor of a specialist using rationed rates within separated periods of time and should not use two tins (packets) directly one after another but give a rest for the systems and organs of the body.
2- The trainers should follow-up their players continuously when using such preparations and nutritional supplements and doing medical examination from time to time .
3- Doing similar studies on other variables and measurements .
4- Doing similar studies on other materials, supplements and preparations on different samples and levels .
5- All preparations, materials, and nutritional supplements should be confirmed and accepted, tested and ensured about the expiry date by specialized authority and not depends on the leaflets that are accompanied with such materials.

- The use of neuromuscular compatibility exercises to help learn the snatch among the students of the first phase.
- Identify the harmonic effect of exercise on the experimental group and the control group.
The search was imposed:
- There are significant differences between the experimental and control groups for the experimental group
The researchers found a set of the most important conclusions:
- To give compatibility exercises in an orderly and appropriate repetition educated individuals have a positive impact on teaching the art of greatness.
- The compatibility exercises that have been used and provided the time and effort to learn the skill as well as faster performance.
The recommendations were:
- The need for the introduction of compatibility exercises in the acquisition phase of the starters so as to upwardly adjust your technique.
- Emphasis on the choice of exercises that fit individuals who are taught according to their levels as well as duplicates in line with their performance.

 Effects of specific assistant exercises on some skill attacking of the two research groups, the experimental and control.
 Statistical significant differences of some skill attacking of the two research groups, the experimental and control at the post test.
 research groups, the experimental and control at the post test.
The experimental method was used as a part of procedures since it is convenient to the nature of the study. Having excluded the sample of the pilot study, the sample included 20 junior players under age of 18 year chosen at random from the 26 total society of the Ninaveh handball team at 2007-2008 training season.
The sample divided at random into tow groups, experimental and control by using the lot with 10 players each. The equality between the groups was done in the variables of age, high and weight in addition to the variables chosen by experts. The experimental design of the equal groups with pre-post tests was taken up. The arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Person coefficient correlation, paired t test and independent t test were used to process data statistically.
The most important conclusions were the following:
 The suggested training program improved significantly some skill attacking at question.
 The experimental group excelled significantly the control group in all physical and some skill attacking (excluding the leg power).
 The control group had a remarkable excellence in some skill attacking (excluding the locomotive speed and the Arm explosive power).
The most important recommendations were the following:
 The attention of handball coaches should be paid to the control style of workload components at pre competition and utilization of this components effectively to improve the skillful aspects .
 Conducting more similar studies for other ball games especially basketball, volleyball, football by using assistant strength exercises of some skill attacking

 Detection teaching using overlapping teams learning strategy in a way that exercise (hard - and variable) and its impact on weight gain effective throwing.
 Detection teaching strategy using overlapping divisions’ collection totals of students in a way that exercise (hard - and variable) and its impact on weight gain effective throwing.
 Detection Best overlap to acquire educational learning the effectiveness of the extrusion of gravity.
The researcher adopted the experimental approach to suitability and nature of the research, the research community of students fourth year the Faculty of Physical Education at the University of Salahaddin - Erbil for the academic year 2011-2012 and totaling (128) students, the research sample consisted of students (4) people Chosen intentional of people fourth year, at a rate (16) students per division, and this amounted to sample (64) students after rule out a number of respondents, has a parity between the totals of the research sample to adjust the variables following chronological age measured (months) , and height measured (in centimeters), and mass measured (in kilograms to the nearest half a kilogram), was parity among groups search four in some elements of physical fitness and motor influential in learning the technical performance and achievement of the effectiveness of throwing the weight, and the researcher to the questionnaire and tests, standards and scientific observation tools and means to collect information and access to the research objectives having been test tribal groups search four, the subject teacher applying the curriculum by teaching each group one style within a period of education, and that the only difference in the application of curriculum education be in the style of learning within the education in the main section of each group The implementation of the curriculum took (6) and educational unit by unit and educational one week for each group, and the one-time module be (90 minutes).
The researcher adopted the following statistical methods, the percentage, and the arithmetic mean, and standard deviation and simple correlation coefficient, and test T.test, and contrast Achtbarthalil (F) and the value of the less significant difference (LSD).
The researcher found the following conclusions:
 Proven strategies divisions collection totals for students and learning teams with hard exercise effective positive in learning the technical performance and achievement of the effectiveness of the extrusion of gravity.
 The results showed that the strategy divisions’ collection totals for students with hard exercise than the rest of the totals in the post-test in learning the technical performance and achievement of the effectiveness of the extrusion of gravity.

This research was to identify:
-The effect of using pure creatine on some kidney function after anaerobic activity.
Hypotheses
- The an significant statistical exemptions of using pure creatine an kidney functions after anaerobic activity.
A sample of (6) student from the 4 th stage of the faculty of physical education salahaddin un iversity wars used in this study for the academic year(2012-2013).The sample was tested the ability anaerobic (60)yards running before and after giving them pour creatine (5g) per day for a period of (20 days) was measured variables functional kidney of them (Urobilinogen,Bilirubin,Specific Gravity,PH,Protein)The researcher used statistical analysis of software (spss v15) for the results
Conclusions and Recommendations:
1- There was no kidney function affect during taking creatine by the student.
2-Tere has been significant changes through taking creatine in the concentration Urobilinogen in lactation after running (60yards).
3-There has been no significant change by using creatine in ihe concentration of (Bilirubin and Specific Gravity,PH,Protein) after running) 60 yards).
The Researcher Recommended:
1- Creatine should be taken by players under supervision of trainer and Adductor for limit quantity and time.
2- Increasing amount of creatine and period of time for one month.
3- Regular inspection should be taken into consideration for safety of player's urology.
Suggestions:
1- More studies on other sport activity by using different stresses should be taken into consideration

We are trying in our research that shed light on this event are applied to one of the tournament arena and in the field in Iraq in order to facilitate them understand the origins of mechanical and an attempt by the type of variables developed and taught off and realistic Mtsabakana and show this Alentnaúj the form in which it is possible diagnosis, evaluation and future development, and this came the importance of research and it's needed, and the problem of the research is to find out a specific case is in the level of input variables Albayumkanikih accomplishment as well as add the case to predict variables that wants researchers emphasized for the professionals in order to develop for the completion of the best that takes ways correct scientific closer to the regional and global levels, The aim of the search to identify the contribution of some variables Albayukinmetekih in completing the javelin, and included sample the best (4) players from throwing javelin participants in the championship clubs and institutions of Iraq Athletics for a class of applicants and represent the proportion (40%) of the original's (10) players, Astnj researchers sample was good at the level of the angular velocity of the trunk and the angle of the starting of the shaft, and increase the level of degree angle starting spear two degrees or three when the wind face and not exceeding this rate it will gain a level of speed vertical bigger than horizontal, while the most important recommendations, the development of players by finding the best models of their level of analysis and follow-up to see how to approach the level of form, and the level of development training variables that did not show interest in links be weak variables in addition to the development of a strong level variables and preserved.

The research aims
1 - To identify the differences in the physiological reactions resulting from the stop training with players club volleyball ( Club Industry) and Club ( Karkh ) to reel

Identify the differences in the physical reactions resulting from the stop training and volleyball ( Club Industry)
( Club Karkh ) handball.

The research sample :
The research sample was chosen the way of intentional Industry Club ( Volleyball )
The Club ( Karkh ) football Wade , but the category of applicants , who are (20) player was a drop- training for athletes after finishing season games for a period of 8 weeks.

The researchers found the following results
1 - The emergence of the low level of performance of some physical abilities ( speed-strength to the muscles of the legs , arms, agility , speed to carry the muscles of the arms and legs speed test )

2 - Increase the percentage level of some physiological variables ( maximum oxygen consumption test Carlson fatigue , vital capacity test test lactic acid , heart rate at rest test case Rvier attack.

Recommends researchers b
Give directions to the players during breaks in training should not drop out of physical activity
Paying attention to coaches and organizing training plans after the completion of the transitional periods

The aim of the research is to identify the impact of the training effect of added weight on the player's movement of defensive (defensive steps) anddefense continuation for youth players basketball, In second chapter, the researcher dealt with some of the theoretical issues on the subject, In third chapter, the researcher used the experimental method The study ,in chapter fourth, presents the results were discussed and analyzed through the use of a number of statistical tools, , The researcher concluded that the added weights have had an influential role in the development of the movement and the defense steps up defense and was one of the key recommendations the need to develop means of training under a scientific basis.

The study aimed to identify what comes :
Identify the impact of the use of modified goals of different heights in the development of the scoring junior basketball players , as well as to identify the differences between pre and post tests of the experimental and control groups , and to identify differences between the a posteriori tests of experimental and control groups .
I suppose a researcher :
There were statistically significant differences between pre and post tests for the experimental and control groups and in favor of a posteriori tests , as well as assume the researcher and the presence of statistically significant differences between the a posteriori tests of experimental and control groups and in favor of the experimental group.
The researcher used the experimental method to the suitability of the nature of the search, and the sample consisted search of players School success amniotic class rookies and numbered (20) players , where were excluded (4 ) players because of their participation in the experiment reconnaissance , and settled a sample search on the (16) players were divided randomly into two groups officer and pilot consisted of each group of (8 ) players , where the group used the control method used by the coach while the experimental group were used exercises prepared by the researcher to develop the skill of scoring and took the exercise period (9) weeks, three training units per week.
The researcher reached the following conclusions :
- The experimental group showed a remarkable development and better than the control group in a posteriori test results to my skills per shot free scoring and scoring from the jump , as well as to the objectives of different heights modified the effect of improved scoring the budding basketball players .
Through the conclusions of the researcher recommended the following:
- Need to pay attention to the use of modified targets dysfunctional heights in scoring skill training for the junior class basketball , as well as the need to emphasize a lot of exercise on the performance of free throws and scoring of jumping during the training period because of its positive impact on the development of scoring skill .

This research highlights the importance of the motor abillities that control the quality of the performance and quality of skill and technical level of the football player, and therefore can not achieve a positive result in the competitions unless elevate motor abillities to advanced level Hence the importance of the research problem in identifying the relationship between the motor abillities and situational match that occur during the game to some of the basic skills of football.
The aims of this study to identify the relationship between some of the motor abillities and situational match to some of the basic skills of football, , Have included a sample search on some of the young players for some clubs Salahuddin city football . And reach the researchers to the existence of a relationship significant correlation between agility and skill to juggling with both legs and the accuracy of ball shooting and the leading the ball , in addition to the lack of correlation between agility and accuracy of ball shooting, and the existence of a correlation between the speed and skill to juggling and the skill of the accuracy of ball shooting , and the lack of a relationship between the speed and accuracy of ball shooting and the skill of leading the ball.
The researchers recommended they need attention and to develop of motor abilities through training modules for football players youth and brought into the circumstances that occur during the game.

The achievement of total quality management in institutions of higher education means Dora the institution to provide a high level of service quality excellence, and through which you can meet the needs of students, faculty, parents, employers, and society, and others. The problem with research into what extent of achievement of standards of total quality management as perceived by members of the faculty at the University of Qadisiyah them through fields of study, the four (the field of organizational culture of total quality management, and academia, and the area of professional growth, and the relationship of the University to the community). The aims of this study to the following:
1- To identify the extent of achievement of total quality management standards from the perspective of members of the faculty at the University of Qadisiyah.
2- Knowledge of the differences in the extent of achievement of total quality management standards from the perspective of faculty members (male, female) at the University of Qadisiyah.
The researcher used the descriptive method and determine the research community with members of the faculty in the colleges of the University of Qadisiyah (College of Education, Engineering, Science, medicine, law, veterinary medicine, physical education, management, economics, arts, education and girls), who are 363 teaching was chosen as a sample way random The number of (100) faculty member (70 males 0.30 females), and the most important conclusions are:
1 - through the application of the scale shows there is a preference for males over females for teaching University of Qadisiyah.
2 - there was a preference for males in the areas of measure the overall quality of teaching University Qadisiyah.
The main recommendations are:
1 - Strengthening confidence in the staff of the University that this new system, which would increase their competitiveness and increase the satisfaction Mstvidém and their benefit bumper.
2 - increase the services provided to members of the faculty within the university and to provide all necessary to the success of the educational process of the halls and other sources.
3 - provide opportunities for all workers to participate in decision-making, which helps to bring more management staff and encourage them to spread the spirit of creativity enthusiasm among them.

the sport competition worried and athletic achievement motivation For Iraq's universities football teams players, and to estimate simple correlation coefficients between the sport competition worried and the two dimensions achievement motivation Sports (defended accomplish success and motivation to avoid failure) and determine the strength and direction, as well as partition of correlation coefficients of the sport competition worried with defended accomplish success and motivation to avoid failure to direct and indirect effects. The research sample consisted Iraqi Universities football teams players (Soccer) northern region of the academic year (2012-2013) and numbered (90) players. Data were collected using the two scales, sport competition worried and athletic achievement motivation and the data obtained by the two researchers have been processed using (percentage, mean, standard deviation, hypothetic mean law, t-test for one sample, simple correlation coefficient and path analysis, the researchers concluded the following:
- There is harmony between the sport competition worried and defended accomplish success for the football players, in terms of significant correlation coefficient matrix.
- There is harmony between the sport competition worried and motivation to avoid failure of the football players and that in terms of the significant of correlation coefficient matrix.
- The direct effects of cognitive worried in the two dimensions of sporting achievement motivation was counterproductive negative, low significance with defended accomplish success, and was positive highly significant with motivation to avoid failure, that is by comparing the results with measurements of path coefficients.
- The direct effects of physical worried with the two dimensions of achievement motivation sports (defended achievement of success and motivation to avoid failure) was positive and non-significant (neglected), that is by comparing the results with measurements path coefficients.
- The direct effects of self-confidence in the two dimensions of achievement motivation sports was positive and highly significant with defended achievement of success and negative low significant with motivation to avoid failure, hat is by comparing the results with measurements path coefficients.