Journal of Alsalam University

The topic of the research (the importance of the ASEAN econome
and security) is one of the topics to be followed and examined
according to the political scientific methodology. ASEAN is a
regional conglomerate that has a special regional status in the 21st
century due to the coordination and regulation of economic policies
- in the Member States - in which the Association has worked،
as a result of the existence of multiple organs in its organizational
structure، as well as the multiplicity and diversity of its objectives
in the social، political، security and economic areas، the unique
geographic location of South-East Asia، and its diversity resources
and presence of cheap، deft hands This led to the entry of foreign
capital to the ASEAN countries and made as a center for the
great countries companies، which reflected on positive economic
development. However، the will of the Southeast Asian countries
was to achieve common development and to avoid the competitive
policies of the ASEAN countries، both economically and economically.
(ASEAN) is one of the important means of managing
the economic development process in its member countries. At the
same time، this can only be achieved by ensuring regional security
stability.

Nuclear technology is one of the most important and most dangerous discoveries
made by the human mind to set the future and fate of humanity, and
it is linked to this enormous technology and the consequences of its use, as it
was found that nuclear energy has two contradictory images at the same time.
If the nuclear bombs that struck Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Japanese in
1945 AD, were the first uses of nuclear energy in the world, the international
efforts made within the framework of the United Nations to stop the nuclear
arms race and develop the peaceful uses of nuclear energy culminated in the
establishment of the International Atomic Energy Agency and a number of
agencies The region specialized in the exploitation of the atom and reached a
significant number of international treaties regulating the various fields of the
safe use of nuclear energy.

The company comes to an end at the request of the
partners before the expiry of the deadline if they decide
to merge it in another existing company. The merging
of companies “fusion de sociétés” is aegal term with a
distinct meaning indicating that a company incrporates
a company or several other companies or to form merges
two or more companies and new company .
Consolidation occurs in one of two ways: the merging
of an annexation (annéxion) which means annihilation of
one or more companies in another or the merging of two or
more companies and the establishment of a new company to
which the financial assets of the annihilated companies are
transferred .
At least one of which is the merged company and may also
lead to their extinction and the creation of a new legal entity.
This is in the case of merging by mixing. Incorporation is
considered to be a reason for the company to disappear,
in addition to changing its legal form and transfer of her
financial assets to another company.
The legal concept of corporate merging

Throughout its history, humanity has sought respect, tolerance and
equality as fundamental principles of decent living. But despite the
efforts that have been made and the achievements made in all areas
of life, especially modern technological progress, the practices that
occur from the torture of people are an exit and a negation of all the
achievements of mankind. Torture is not used to extract the confession
of the victim and not only to obtain information or revenge, but
rather to kill the human spirit. The prohibition of torture is a fundamental
principle of international law. Where torture, cruel, inhuman
and degrading treatment is prohibited at all times and in all places,
including in times of war. There is no emergency, no matter how severe,
justifying the use of torture. However, many States and armed
groups have participated in torture. Torture has become widespread
despite an international ban. There should be pressure from the UN,
international NGOs, and civil society organizations for government
authorities to work to prevent torture, as well as bringing those who
torture to justice. The need for all States to accede to the 1984 International
Convention against Torture and the International Criminal
Court, which are the best guarantees for the protection of human
rights from being violated through torture.

Crime is a serious malady that aggravating in society, and this is a chronic malady that has haunted human being since his existence and its forms and dangers have diversified and its spread has increased despite the various and advanced means of treatment that societies have legislated to combat it. In recent years, an organized crime has emerged that crosses the borders of more than one country, known as (Cross-border crime), and its relationship to financial and commercial business crimes. The organized crimes, even it can\'t be limited but it constitute those crimes that cause great harm to more than one country as a result of transgressing its borders, using physical force and illegal means, looting money, extortion, kidnapping, counterfeiting, forgery, illegal trafficking in weapons and drugs, and money laundering, and it is thus Terrorist crimes are similar, i.c. there is a link between organized crime, financial and commercial business crimes and terrorist crimes. Despite the importance of this subject but the number of scientific research and its placement in the literature is not large, as most studies have tended to delve into local crimes and crimes of persons, without addressing or expanding the study of transnational organized crime and its relationship to financial and commercial business crimes. for this reason, we discussed it in our reaserch. and we choose Irak and Lebanon as examples since Lebanon has dealt with the crimes of financial and commercial business, as the Lebanese legislator established a financial public prosecution for it to prosecute them. The Lebanese legislator also enumerated the types of named crimes involved in it, which constitutes a legal basis for the features of the idea of a financial and commercial business penal law.as well as we discussed the policy of the penal legislation in Lebanon adopted to confront against the crimes in its new forms anti-terror, anti-drug and money laundering. There is no doubt that the Lebanese banking system constitutes a mainstay of the national economy because of the guarantees and profits it provides to investors inside and outside Lebanon and its absolute secrecy almost non-existent in the legislation of other countries and in Iraq, during the past years, he witnessed the emergence of organized crime clearly in the fields of terrorism, assassination of talents and scientific minds, illicit trafficking in weapons and materiel, drug trafficking to corrupt the environment and society, money

In the public works contract the contractor shall not alter any of the work
except as directed in writing by employer or engineer , but the employer or
engineer shall have full power, from time to time during the execution of
work by notice direct to the contractor to alter, amend ,omit or add to any
of the works, and the contractor shall carry out these , as far as applicable ,
as the said changes were stated in the contract .If the employer or engineer
do make any variation in any part of the works notice in writing to the
contractor, the contractor submit to the engineer account any variations of
all claims for accordance with the contract

The concept of change in legal conditions imposes on the
administration to amend, cancel or withdraw its decisions as necessary,
but the jurisprudence imposes in order to achieve this other controls
that have an obligatory character, and without them the administration
is not obligated to anything, and these controls in general are that there
is an explicit request submitted by With a relationship or interest, to
cancel the organizational or individual decision. Without a request,
there is no obligation to cancel. And the occurrence of an important
change in the legal circumstances on which the administration issued
its administrative decision, and that the change occurred in the legal
circumstances that were the reason for the administration to issue the
administrative decision.

The world of today, due to the rapid and steady progress at the
level of the state and society alike, has turned into a complex network
of interactions that are forcing the developed and developing
countries to achieve their development goals, and to provide the
best services at all levels, and this can only be achieved if efforts
are combined towards achieving those goals. . The important role
that universities play in this field should not be forgotten, because
universities are the highest educational institutions that are
entrusted with providing what society needs in terms of specialists
in various areas of development. Be obligated to graduate a new
generation with the ability to self-learning.

Many of the issues that many people claimed to be in the doctrine and
the assets are not the subject of agreement or extradition at the time of
investigation, and many of the points of disagreement because of that,
and because of the non-separation from the violator, and the search for his
intention, and his intention of saying is, In the debate and argument in the
dispute. This makes us say that the agreement on what is known of religion
is a necessity, which is atone for the denial, or deny it, narrow the area of
difference and widen Riad agreement and coalition. Then we must know the
sanctity of the atonement of the Muslim without a legitimate obligation, and
must observe the controls and prohibitions of thinking, it may get infidelity
and is the issuance of the ignorant, or the fall of the mandate, or excused
with no intension, not branded as disbeliever.

The Day of Zalqa is one of the days of God Almighty, and
we say there are men who believed what they pledged to
God, and victory and empowerment did not happen to them
except by their sincerity in their soldiers and their servitude
to the Lord of the worlds. And he was obedient to the law of
the Lord of the worlds, according to the fatwa issued by the
consensus of Muslim scholars from the Maghreb and the
East to unite the Muslims from the Andalusians and the
Moroccans under the leadership of the Almoravids.

This research aims to identify the moral guidance and its impact on the methods
of two processes, namely teaching and learning among primary school pupils in
Iraq.
In order to achieve this goal, there was a need to design a tool for this research
consisting of two parts; the first, included (20) educational styles, while the second
has included (23) difficulties. The researchers confirmed the validity of this tool as
well as its reliability after presenting it to a group of jury members.
The researchers used this tool with a sample of (382) male and female teachers
in the schools of Baghdad / Risafa (1st). The data collected were analyzed by
calculating expected means and percentages as well as the arithmetic means and
standard deviation.
The results show that there are differences of statistical significance among
teachers in terms of gender in favor of female teachers, and there are differences of
statistical significance between the estimated value of the sample about teachers’ use
of moral guidance methods in favor of the sample of the study (20 years or more). It
has also been found out that there is no difference of statistical significance in terms
of the variable of achievement of each of the sample subjects. Furthermore, all the
teachers agree that they all face the same challenges irrespective of their gender.
There is no difference of statistical significance in terms of years of experience, but
there are differences of statistical significance among Diploma teachers.
The researchers recommend that school administrations have to state the
policies of organizing the teaching and learning processes early at the beginning
of the school year and point out the challenges that teachers encounter which may
result from inability to satisfy pupils’ basic needs.

This study deals with the western plateaus which extends in the
western of Iraq and constitutes one of the surface parts . the plateaus
is divided into fire physical regions: Al- Jazeera region , the stone,
the arid region , the valleys, and the convexity , and the cut-edges
in its formation the place is located within two parts: one is stable
represented by the western part of Iraq towards the international
borders,the other is unstable represented by the eastern north of Iraq.
It consists of many geological formations that go back to the mason
age. It surface is covered by new precipitations in the valleys and
topographic low lands.

The recent studies conducted on large samples of students from the
initial studies in universities in different scientific disciplines about the
importance of the use of different senses in education, and its impact
in increasing the speed of obtaining the information, have found
that the percentage of the use of the senses in education increases
the proportion of obtaining the correct information quickly. Boost
this has motivated us to conduct an experiment on one of our college
departments, Biology Department in the College of Education using
the software simulating a virtual reality in a manner-programmed high
technology. One such software, which we will discuss it and apply at
the Biology Department is an environment called wolfram and then
we will measure its impact on students of the Department.

The Blended E-Learning represented by Virtual laboratory is
obtaining a great development in various countries around the
world where there is an acceleration in the process of producing
software that supports classroom instruction and make it more
interactive and useful which led us to invest one of these software
to make default laboratory for students of the Department of
Physics in the College of Education where the virtual environment
is considered as one of the most basic components of default
education the default process simulation environment, whether
and realistic or imaginary is photographed through the potential
offered by modern technology.

Shakespeare's plays are not easy to translate in that they
pose numerous cross-linguistic difficulties. This study investigates
different criteria adopted by different translators of
drama by which the researcher defines the difficulties of literary
translation in general and Shakespeare's plays in particular.
Its limits is to investigate and evaluate three Arabic
translations of the first nine lines of MACBETH Act V, Scene
V.
The Study begins with a theoretical survey that discusses the
difficulties of translating Shakespeare and the practical part
is designed for translation quality assessment of the three selected
Arabic translations of the play. It is entailed with a
conclusion, recommendations and a list of the works cited.

The aim of this research is to highlight the fragility of the woman in Gustave
Flaubert’s Madame Bovary. In fact, the fragility is not unique to Flaubert's heroes.
We can attribute this characteristic to most of the protagonists of the nineteenth
century. We can say that no author excels as much as Flaubert to incarnate this
fragility. Flaubert presents a frustrated character of all strength and will as a representative
of 19th century oppressed woman.
Flaubert concentrates on one overall subject in Madame Bovary; his investigation
of society in 19th century France. He conveys to his readers' consideration
ageless aspects of society and life that reflect their manners of thinking. The
heroine’s imagining for what she does not urges the readers to rethink about their
desires. Flaubert's evaluation of society forces his readers to fundamentally consider
their environment and investigate what they accept. At last Flaubert gives his
readers a convincing story of affection and despise, misery and satisfaction while
likewise concentrating on how we see life and its importance.
Madame Bovary was published as a series in (La Revue De Paris) from October
1st to December 15th, 1856. In spite of the fact that the book's heroine is Emma
Bovary, she is not an important character till her marriage with Charles Bovary and
the story will go on after her death.

The study aims at investigating the debate raised about the use of the foreign
language by writers from the colonized countries in the post-colonial African literature.
The research tries to answer the question whether it is reasonable that the
native writer uses the colonizer›s language or not. Writers and intellectuals divide
among themselves, some of them like Ngugi and Wali, reject the idea of using
the colonizer›s language assuming that using English by African writers will be
a reason for creating new forms of colonial dominance and eradicating the aboriginal
culture, history and ethnic identity of the African society. They think that
the African writers should keep using their own indigenous languages as a means
of expression of their experiences. These languages carry their values, traditions,
and history through which they realize their presence in the world. On the other
hand, there are those writers ,like Achebe and Soynika, who believe that the use
of the colonizer›s language, such as English, French, etc., will open the way for
the African literature to readers from all over the world. Achebe thinks that African
writers should use a new form of English which is capable of conveying
their own experience, meanwhile he recommends that the African writers should
keep writing in their indigenous languages side by side with the cosmopolitan one,
and these languages should feed it. They should abrogate imperial and aesthetic
norms of usage and appropriate the new language to carry the domestic cultural
experience. In his novel Things Fall Apart, he uses English that is appropriated
in a way that reflects his own intentions. Using the Igbo English he intends to
present the Igbo tradition and to make clear the richness of the culture of his nation.
In delineating the Igbo culture and the Igbo characters he makes use of his
competence in English which helps him to shape the Igbo syntactic synthesis, vocabulary,
proverbs, images, and folktales in a form of English that can communi