Journal Dawat

This research represents a modest study of one of the pillars of Arabic language, i.e. the verb, and an explanation of its impact on directing the interpretive meaning in light of Surah Al-Insan. It included the following topics: the connotation of the verbal sentence preceded by interrogation, the connotation of verbs in the past and present tense, the connotation of the verb ‘was’, the connotation of the active voice and the passive voice, and. The meaning of the transitive verb is that it is possible for the verb to be transitive by means of an intermediary. It is clear that the meaning of the verb has shifted from its original meaning to another meaning, most likely in most of the verbs mentioned in the blessed Surah, as the past indicates the future, the present indicates the past, and the imperfect verb indicates continuity and permanence, and others. The research showed the accuracy of the use of the Quranic expression and even its specificity in each word, including the construction of some verbs for the passive and some for the active. Keywords: (semantics, grammar, past and present, defective verb, transitive).

The sentence comes in the genitive case added to it one of the adverbs of place or adverb of time. The current study tries to explore this sentence in Nahj al-Balagha. The researcher counted these sentences in Nahj al-Balagha and distributed them according to the type of adverb and according to the type of sentence added to it (nominal or verbal). The research is divided into three sections. The first section is entitled (The sentence to which (idh as or idha if ) was added. The sentence to which (idh as) was added came in its two forms (nominal and verbal). The sentence to which (idha if) was added was verbal in all its places, and its verb was in the past tense in most places. In some places it came in the present tense preceded by the negation tool (lam not). The second section is entitle (the sentence to which ‘ma’ was added, carrying the meaning of “idha as” or “idh if”. Among the adverbs mentioned in Nahj al-Balagha are (day, when, since, while). Finally, the third section is called (the sentence to which the adverb indicating place ‘where’ was added). This sentence came nominally in some places, and verbally in other places. The research arrived at some results, perhaps the most important of which is that the sentence to which the adverb was added - whether this adverb was an adverb of time or an adverb of place - carried different meanings, and the research also showed that the context has an effect in directing the meaning.
Keywords: Nahjul Al-Balagha, sentence, genitive case, adverbs of time

Discourse has a linguistic authority that strengthens the speaker›s argumentative potential while disabling it in the recipient so that he responds to the proposal that he has presented to him due to the strength of those elements that carry the moral dimensions that influence the argument, and which carry in themselves an argumentative value in addition to their role in drawing the recipient›s attention towards one goal.
Argumentative ladders also play a role in accumulating or grading arguments according to their strength and the context imposed by the recipient›s condition. The arrangement of arguments in the argumentative ladder and the comparison between them in strength depends on to the speaker’s perspective; one argument may descend to the bottom of the ladder according to a certain perspective, while it rises to the top according to another. From this standpoint, this research came to draw the persuasive dimensions that the argumentative ladder created in the jihad sermons of Imam Ali (PBUH), and to show how the argumentative ladder affects the path of persuasion in the speech and directs it towards influence and persuasion in a way that fulfills the desired goal of the jihadist speech. The jihad sermons of Imam Ali (PBUH) contained argumentative ladders that made the speech gradual according to the context of the speech and the state of the addressee. The top of the argumentative ladder descends towards weak arguments when the recipient has denial or doubt. This is known as the descending argumentative ladder. Sometimes the speech requires starting with weak arguments and moving up to strong arguments if the recipient has no doubt or denial, which is known as the ascending ladder of arguments. Sometimes the gradation in the argumentative ladders comes in an accumulative manner according to the requirement of the context and the condition of the recipient.
Therefore, this research is devoted to investigating and analyzing the argumentative ladders included in the jihad sermons of Imam Ali (PBUH), explaining how the argumentative ladders work to add a persuasive argumentative feature to the jihadist discourse and tend towards influencing and convincing the necessity of jihad for the sake of Allah.

The research deals with the words that were forbidden by the Messenger (PBUH), and came in the manner of the modernists in linguistic correction. We stopped at these words by analyzing them linguistically, and what is connected to them in terms of Arab and Islamic taste; since the prohibition came to agree with the Islamic religion. The research presented the narratives of melodies during the era of the prophet (PBUH) and his standpoint on them. Then, the prohibited words are examined on three axes, entitled: linguistic corrections called for by the Islam, the Qur’anic expression, and the Prophet’s (PBUH) aesthetic sense.

Computational linguistics is an applied science. It has emerged into the realm of human existence and transformed its interaction from the material physical aspect to the virtual. This was clearly evident in the linguistic system, from engineering its system, and transforming its contents from the method of structures to the digital one. This aspect started to include the Arabic language as well, dealing with it in a virtual symbolic way. Technological development has become a fundamental pillar and means for digital transformation, including technical processes, businesses, activities, communications, etc., employing it in all life domains. The best evidence of this is the field of learning and education, which has become an effective tool and element in this field. Accordingly, I tackled this subject through the intervention of my research entitled (Computational Linguistics and its Relationship to Digital Transformation).

The research proceeds according to the hypothesis of the independence of pedagogical linguistics as a branch of applied linguistics. According to the effectiveness of its relationship with the linguistic theories that preceded it, or coincided with it, it indicates an overlap with the rest of the other linguistics, especially structural, communicative, and applied linguistics. The principles aim primarily at knowing the language system from the teacher, so that the learner gains through this system the verbal abilities related to speech, and its phonetic, morphological, syntactic, and semantic elements. This is to enable both parties apply it in the classroom, and produce linguistic structures that assist in teaching the language to the learner.
The importance of the research comes from the fact that it reveals the nature of the formation of pedagogical linguistics, and explains the nature of its work in the educational path of the language. The researcher follows the descriptive approach in arranging the categories of interdependence. It starts with an introduction that explains the concept of pedagogical linguistics, then its relationship with general linguistics, applied linguistics, communicative linguistics, the conclusion, and a list of references.
Keywords: educational, pedagogical, interdependence, structural, social

Scholars in both the East and the West have held al-Jumal fi ‹l-naḥw [Sentences in Grammar] by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Isḥāq al- Zajjājī (d. 337 AH) in esteem. That is because of its accurate expression, concise structure and fitness for teaching. It has been explained by different scholars in the East and the West, such as Ibn Bābashādh, Ibn Hisham al-Lakhmī, and Ibn ʻUṣfūr. However, some of these explanations have been lost. One of them was written by Ibn Reidan al-Sabtī al-Fāsī (d. 624 AH), which this paper looks at, with the aim being to give a detailed idea about the author and about his book Al-Tamshiyah ala Abwab al-Jumal [Walking around the Doors of Sentences], and to bring what can be brought to light.
Keywords: Sentences by al-Zajjaji, explanation of sentences, Ibn Raydan, Al-Tamshiya

After a long scientific research journey in the realm of the Qur’an and the Diwan of the Caliphs, it became clear that the Holy Qur’an was their main source in choosing words. For example, employing the names of Allah, the words of faith and devotional values and recruiting them in the structure of their poems. Beyond dounbt, the use of the Quranic word in the literary text is one of the most effective elements in the art of poetry. The poet uses the Quranic words to reveal the feelings he is convulsed with that he receives from his reality into images that contribute to building the poem. The Quran had a great impact on the structure of their poetry. They employ verses from the Quran, and this employment indicates the meaning of these decisive verses. This is called artistic creativity that entertains the listener and brings him into the sacred Quranic atmosphere. On the other hand, we find that the minds of the caliphs are full of images and verses of the Qur’an due to their constant contact with the Holy Qur’an. Through this contact, they employed these words that urge people to Islam and faith in God Almighty, and they draw from these Qur’anic words to express their thoughts and emotions.
Keywords: Word, Qur’anic, Impact, Diwan, Caliphs

After delving into the files and papers that indicate the meaning of these precise verses, and this type of quotation is common in his poems, which is what is called artistic creativity, which is called the name of the preacher, and his hand is in the sacred Qur’anic atmosphere. Always in the loop, this profanity is proud to express his thoughts, emotions, and his tendency to the Quranic language.

This study deals with the emergence of Shiism in Morocco and its transition to Andalusia in the light of Andalusian poetry through Andalusian sources and references. We mentioned the historical significance of the Maghreb countries, the different visions of it. Then, we talked about Shiism in Morocco and the cities where it appeared. We also touched on the Shiite revolutions in Andalusia and its men, shedding light on Shiite literature in Morocco and the most important poets. Next, we discussed the Idrisi state alongside the beginnings of Shiism and its association with the revolution of Zaid bin Ali. There is an explanation for the concept of Shiism over time in various ways through public and private reasons and the maturity of this thought in Morocco and expanded significantly. Some Andalusian poets are influenced by the Shiite thought and Husseini heritage which is reflected in their poetry at the time.
Keywords: Shiism, revolutions, Idrisids, Shiites

This research reveals the trends and artistic characteristics of a poetic production that is absent from us for centuries. It belongs to a brilliant poet and writer from the Fatimid state in the sixth century AH, namely Mahmoud bin Qadous Al-Dimyati (d. 551 AH). This writer is outstanding in the different fields of literature; writing and composition on the one hand, and poetry on the other hand. For his proficiency in both, he was named “the man of two ministries”. In addition, he was a teacher to the famous Fatimid Abbasid writer, Judge Al-Fadil. Thus, Ibn Qadous was at the forefront of writers who contributed effectively in enriching literary life and igniting its flame in Egypt during the sixth century AH.
Based on the above, the researcher wanted to shed light on what remained of his poetry. Dr. Muhammad Al-Dawkhi worked on tracking, investigating, and collecting it from various books; some of them are literary books, others are biographical, historical, and media. Therefore, the researcher studied this collected poetry, by shedding light on its most important poetic themes, implicitly referring to the most prominent artistic features and characteristics that distinguished these poems. This research is divided into two sections. The first section studied the poet’s life and his literary status. The second section focused on studying the poetic themes and the most prominent artistic characteristics in the poet’s poetry.
Keywords: Ibn Qadus, Fatimid poetry, poetic themes, artistic characteristics

This research is a reading of the meme poem by Abu Muslim Al-Bahlani Al-Omani. It is a stylistic reading that relied on three levels in the analysis: the phonetic level, the synthetic level, and the semantic level. As for the phonetic level, the reading dealt with: weight, rhyme, types of letters, and doubling. It showed the impact of these phonemic phenomena in preserving the glow of the poem despite its length. The syntactic level includes: predicate and construction, active participles, broken plurals, interrogatives, affirmation, and antithetical pairs. As for the semantic level, it included metaphor, metonymy, and simile. When the stylistic levels come together: phonetic, structural and semantic in the mime poem, they form a fabric of tools that build a solid and beautiful structure at the same time. this structure that was able to reach ears and hearts at the same time, to attract the attention of the general public as well as the private, and to live with time and reappear as if it were being renewed with the passing of days.

The research sought to clarify the methods of Ibn Arabi and the foundations of his interpretation. Then, it explored their various manifestations in the book «Fusus al-Hikam» especially the third chapter of it, which revolves around the message of the Prophet Noah (PBUH). It also clarifies the relationship of those interpretive foundations to his philosophy of Islamic Sufism on the one hand, and balancing them with contemporary interpretive trends, with a statement of the points of difference. We have listed five of the foundations that Ibn Arabi relied on in his interpretation, which are: revelation and inspiration, preconceived notions in Ibn Arabi’s philosophy, breaching the logical significance of language, recalling Qur’anic verses and prophetic hadiths, and finally, balancing the call of Prophet Noah (PBUH) and our Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). On our way to this, we discussed the most famous concepts of Ibn Arabi, such as the unity of being, the negation of opposites, confusion, the perfect human being, and others. We also tried to clarify the relationship between his writing style and his interpretation of the text, by referring to the origin of the words, searching for a virgin language, and citing texts that apparently have no relation to the interpreted text.
Keywords: Ibn Arabi, Fusus al-hikam, Hermeneutics, preconceptions.

This article aims to study the concepts of Goldman›s in the compositional structure of the worldview as well as the semantic structure. We also addressed the concept of totality and harmony, understanding and interpretation. This article seeks to study the novel ‘My Enemies’ according to these concepts. The content of the novel focuses on social issues during the Ottoman rule of the Arabs. This study relies on a descriptive analytical approach to arrive at the results.
Keywords: Goldman›s theory, My Enemies novel, Mamdouh Adwan, worldview, semantic structure

The novelistic text in its narrative techniques and structural connotations is replete with mechanisms of textual openness. This openness brings the narrative text out of the state of closure, making it in the form of multiple interpretations open to many texts and ideas. This is done through searching for the interpretation of meanings and connotations that are subject to reception processes, and the interaction between the receiving self and the structure of the narrative text.
The novelistic text, represented by its growing narrative world with the dynamics of successive events causally and logically, which interact with individual characters with their feelings and thoughts in specific temporal and spatial scenes, is a meeting place for the reader›s interpretations that conceal and hide ideas. In addition, it breaks the horizon of the reader›s expectations with its successive events; due to its openness to interpretation with multiple meanings and linguistic and cultural signs together.
The study aims to research the novel (Semadra) by Ahmed Dahr and its unique characteristics that were written in a magical realistic way. It has created a place that resembles reality and looks at the human self and its various manifestations among which are honesty, lies, stinginess, regret, good, and evil. The intentional goal in this is to clarify to the reader the nature of the characters and their greed in the face of life›s temptations. These characters struggle for money and power. Accordingly the interpretive connotations appear and are centered in the contents of the narrative text and its depths on the one hand, and expressing the characters› tendencies and emotional feelings that appear in the novelistic text through the events and scenes of crisis in a specific place and time on the other hand.
This study tackled two axes: the first of which represents the symbolism of the cover, its interpretive connotations, and the openness to the textual text. The second axis is the symbolism of the title and its manifestations in the narrative text. The study focused on these two axes to, firstly, describe the characters according to their patterns and the connotations of their interpretation and, secondly, to study the successive events in different temporal and spatial scenes in order to form a narrative text that is open to hermeneutic connotations in itself.
Keywords: textual openness, interpretation, narration.