magazine aldhakwat albedh

This research aims to know how close the critic Qudamah bin Jaafar is from the science of prosody and how did he employ it in his critical approach to fill a gap that the critical documenter still needs. In order to achieve this, we addressed our topic according to two axes:
The first: single means in which we discussed the elements of poetry (pronunciation, meaning, rhyme, and rhyme).
Second: Multi Means
Qudamah bin Jaafar found that the four single means of poetry could outline the internal structure of the poetic text. Thay are like coalitions, Each one of them represents a complete structural unit whose basis is to create complete internal harmony between the elements that make up the poetic text, In his substance means, he covers an important area in his critical thought that contributes to the expansion of this ancient Arabic Critical documenter

The Present research aimed at identifying:
1- Intellectual extremism among university students.
2- The tendency towards perfection among university students.
3- The relationship between intellectual extremism and the tendency towards perfection among university students.
The current research was limited to third-year students from the colleges of the Iraqi University, morning study for the academic year 2024-2025
Theoretical framework: The current research reviewed the theories adopted in constructing and interpreting the results.
Research procedures:
1- The researcher built a scale of intellectual extremism and adopted the scale of the tendency towards perfection by the researcher (Al-Azzawi 2018) and their validity, reliability and the method of answering their paragraphs were verified
2- The above two scales were applied to a sample of university students amounting to (200) male and female students during the period from
13 - 22/12/2024. The researcher used the statistical bag to analyze the results 0
The following results were reached: - :
1- The research results showed that university students do not have intellectual extremism compared to the hypothetical average of the scale.
2- The research results showed that university students do not suffer from a tendency towards perfection.
3- The results showed a significant positive correlation between intellectual extremism and the tendency towards perfection for university students.
The researcher presented some recommendations and suggestions.

The Holy Quran is the most resonant holy book in both global and Islamic writings because it is the primary source of legislation in Islam, and it is even a constitution for the life of the Muslim human being. Therefore, this book has been studied in all its different dimensions, whether legislative, linguistic, doctrinal, social, economic, etc., from other fields. Every researcher has given his opinion regarding it. Some of them considered it a miraculous heavenly book in all the previous dimensions, and some of them considered it a divine revelation in the prophetic Muhammadan words, and some of them considered it a purely human historical phenomenon in which heaven has no role. Therefore, the research attempted to study the Holy Quran and its text according to one of the most important contemporary thinkers in our Arab and Islamic world, namely Dr. Muhammad Abed Al-Jabri, whose writings have found wide resonance among researchers and scholars. We ask what is Dr. Al-Jabri’s methodological vision regarding the issue of the Holy Quran and whether it is a historical phenomenon or a revealed sacred text? Therefore, the research came with an introduction and a first section on Muhammad Abed Al-Jabri’s method in understanding the Quranic text, then the second section, which is a set of applied models of Al-Jabri’s methodological vision regarding some Quranic issues.

This research examines Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani’s approach in identifying errors (Tawahhum) made by certain narrators regarding authentication or the names of transmitters in his book Taqrib al-Tahdhib. Some scholars have been found to have erred in their judgment of certain narrators—either by authenticating weak narrators, weakening reliable ones, or confusing names. Through this critical study, it becomes evident that Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar (may Allah have mercy on him) was often correct in authenticating many narrators whom some scholars, such as Al-Azdi, Al-Sulaymani, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Sa’d, and others, had weakened. Ibn Hajar based his assessments on a rigorous scholarly methodology, which involved synthesizing the statements of the hadith critics, analyzing the contexts of Jarh wa Ta›dil (criticism and praise), and weighing conflicting narrations.

Many historians believe that the Arabs before Islam were a weak, isolated and savage nation that had no law and that the strong ate the weak, but the sources confirmed the opposite of this belief. The sheikh of the tribe was an arbitrator between the people in their disputes and disagreements. They resorted to him as a symbol of authority and rule, and people also resorted to fortune-tellers. And the priest to consult on unseen matters. The rulers did not have a written law, and judgment in matters was sometimes carried out under the guidance of instinct and instinct, and they agreed with a system that agreed with them. And their disgusting concepts, Over the years, it becomes a custom that no individual can easily change anything about, whether it is the Arabs who lived in the desert, or those who inhabited Arab cities or kingdoms before Islam. Each tribe had its own customs and traditions that might contradict the customs and traditions of other tribes. You agree with her on a lot or a little. As for the purpose of the judiciary in early Islam, to establish justice, achieve justice, preserve rights, property, lives, and honour, protect public rights, apply the provisions of Sharia law and its etiquette, enforce the limits of God Almighty, preserve values and morals, and prevent injustice, aggression and oppression in all its forms and types.

The present study describes the effect reverse context strategy in expressive performance on the second class average students. To achieve the aim of this investigation, researcher has relied on the experimental design of a part-tuning. The experimental group and the control group with a post test were designed.
After the researcher interpreted, the results came out the conclusions and in the light of which developed a set of recommendations including:
-As a complement of the findings of this study, the researcher suggests conducting studies aimed to know the effectreverso context strategy:
a. Expressive performance for students of other classes.
b. Creative expression.

This study seeks to reveal the intelligentsia in two novels that differ in language and events and to compare the patterns and manifestations of the intelligentsia personality, as well as to study its relationships with society, authority, and women and the way to deal with each of them, in creating a literary atmosphere mixed with the environmental character that carries the culture of each novelist and how he conveyed the events of his time and country. I chose the comparative study for my study of the texts of two novels in two different languages, and I translated the texts personally without the help of dictionaries.

Computational linguistics is a branch of general linguistics and represents the latest advancements achieved by linguists and technologists. It involves studying language both as a goal and a means. However, the progress of this field faces a range of challenges, foremost among them being the tool of sciences and their key: terminology. This research aims to shed light on the issue of terminology, its translation, and its application in the context of available computational tools and what is now known as artificial intelligence.
*Research Methodology:
The study employs a descriptive and analytical approach, along with a comparative method in certain aspects, to clarify terminology and concepts between Arabic and foreign languages.

Summary:
The research aims to identify (the effect of the information processing strategy on the achievement of biology among fourth-year scientific students), and to achieve the goal of the research, the following null hypothesis was formulated: 1- There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average students’ achievement scores The experimental group who studied using the information processing strategy and the average achievement scores of the control group students who studied according to the usual method in the achievement test. The research sample consisted of (64) students from the fourth science students in Al-Rafidain Secondary School for Boys affiliated with the Directorate of Education of Baghdad / Rusafa 3. The researcher identified his research population and sampled it in the day secondary schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education of Baghdad / Rusafa 3. The researcher randomly chose Section (C), numbering (32). )Student To represent the experimental group, and Section (A) numbered (32) students to represent the control group. The two groups were rewarded statistically in (intelligence, previous academic achievement in biology), and the scientific material for the experiment was determined as chapters (sixth, seventh, and eighth) of the biology textbook for the fourth scientific grade, first edition. Ten for the year 2021 AD, which is taught in the second semester of the academic year) 2023-2024 AD, the researcher formulated (127) behavioral goals along with preparing the necessary teaching plans. He prepared an achievement test, of the multiple choice type, consisting of (46) items, four alternatives for each item, according to Bloom’s classification, which are (knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis), and verified its validity by presenting it to those with experience and expertise. Then, its stability was extracted, and after the end of the experiment, the data was processed using statistical methods. The results of the experiment showed superiority for the experimental group that was studied on According to the information processing strategy, the control group was taught according to the usual method in the achievement test, and thus the null hypothesis is

Abstract:
The phenomenon of the spread of writing and expression in a hybrid way in the Arabic language among students, which has spread clearly in recent times, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic and e-learning, deserves contemplation and treatment.
During my educational work, I noticed some common words and phrases in expressing in a hybrid language among students, and the use of electronic terms and words such as: - (online - updated, share) etc. Or the opposite, writing Arabic vocabulary such as: - (eid saeid), or abbreviating some Arabic words in an unusual way, such as (thank you) to «thx», and the word «peace» is written as «slm» .
The classical Arabic language is a symbol of our identity and ancient culture, and we are required to preserve it and promote its use, especially in educational and academic forums. Abandoning the classical language and expressing oneself in a hybrid language may lead to weakening students’ linguistic and expressive skills, and moving away from the linguistic and rhetorical richness of Arabic. It may also negatively affect their ability to communicate effectively and formulate ideas clearly and accurately.

Abstract:
"Al-Muwarka Camp" is a novel that dissolves history into several imaginary stories, consisting of messages that reach the narrator via the internet through another narrator, Ammar Ashbilwa. He sends them to Jaber Khalifa after reorganizing the narrative to take the form of a novel. This type of novel raises the problem of the writer's relationship with his novel, because it abandons the narrative and declares his separation from the narrative situation. He is liberated from the story, for he An author and nothing else, and thus the novel “The Moroccan Camp” is a problematic novel because it falls between two types of novels, as it is based on mixing the two types by transforming historical information into an electronic message that calls for other messages in a call that does not end at a certain point

Abstract :
Since there are two opposite phenomena in Arabic, and despite their opposite, they are intertwined and even complementary. The first is the derivative movement in what it generates and revives, and the second is the phenomenon of mold formulation in what it reflects and builds. These two phenomena return to Arabic with richness and wealth, and give it the ability to develop and grow. As a result of the successive composition of Arabic weights and formulas, this was considered a door to the richness of the Arabic language; and as a result of the emergence of linguistic problems after the establishment of the School of Languages, and the translation and transfer of foreign books into Arabic, in addition to modern inventions and contemporary terminology with their foreign names, and the spread of the press and the difference in its topics, which affected the emergence of anomalous linguistic phenomena, which required the emergence of linguistic academies with studied decisions to approve many words in contemporary usage, as it became clear that their morphological structures have interpretations circulating among Arabic scholars between acceptance, rejection and frequent use.

Summary
The research aimed to know the extent to which the science book for the sixth grade of primary school includes scientific thinking skills. The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method and determined the research community with the science book for the sixth grade of primary school, fifth edition 2022. The researcher prepared the research tool for scientific thinking skills and the tool consisted of eight main skills: observation, Comparison, classification, quantitative formulation, measurement, experimentation, conclusion, prediction and sixteen sub- skills. The results showed that the book achieved (756) repetitions distributed over eight skills, and that the deduction skill obtained the highest percentage of (29,2) with a repetition rate of (221). Repeatedly, it was followed by the observation skill, then the rest of the other skills. The researcher recommends the necessity of including scientific thinking skills in balanced proportions so that the skills of deduction and observation do not overpower the skills other skills

Abstract:
Many researchers had the political events that Iraq witnessed during the royal and republican age, especially the Qasimi age, events that accompanied the political, economic, social and military . This was facilitated by the abundance of authentic sources and documents. However, sensitive topics such as political crimes, especially the phenomenon of political assassinations, were not adequately and accurately researched due to the difference in viewpoints or being limited to a one-sided viewpoint, which caused great harm to many Iraqi figures, whether they were victims of political assassination crimes or accused of those crimes.

Abstract:
Although self-deception is a human trait, it can become a dangerous human behavior, so individuals who practice it should seriously consider the harm it causes to them. Moreover, these practices of self-deception must be accomplished at a certain time, and this in itself affects the performance of other work and tasks, including continuing education, which may lead to exposure to several crises.
Self-deception is a serious matter because it is related to morality, and he considered it a moral problem, which he described as the source of half of the disorders in human life. He also pointed out that self-deception destroys the principle of goodness within the entire human being, and even all moral virtues.
For this reason, the researchers conducted this study, which aims to know:-
1-Self-deception among university students.
2- Differences in self-deception among university students according to the gender variable (male-female).
To achieve the research objectives, the researchers adopted the researcher’s scale (Saif Tawfiq Mazhar, 2023), and because the scale is characterized by modernity, it was applied directly to university students from the first stage only. After analyzing the sample’s answers, the following results were reached::
1- The research sample does not suffer from a high level of self-deception.
2-There is no effect of gender on the high level of self-deception among university students.