Tikrit Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences

The research aimed to analyze financial stability according to the latest and most expressive measure of the financial strength of the selected banks as the research sample. The research problem started from a major question: Is it possible to measure financial stability quantitatively for the banks selected as the research sample? The research also started with one main hypothesis that there is a possibility of measuring the financial stability of the research sample banks using the quantitative model Z-SCORE. The researchers reached a number of conclusions, the most important of them was That all the surveyed banks have achieved high ratios according to the Z values, and the ratio specified according to the quantitative model Z-SCORE of (2.99) times has been exceeded as a minimum to achieve financial stability. And the researchers recommended the need to establish units within the corridors of banks, whose main task is to monitor the financial stability of the bank, in addition to providing the bank’s management with the bank’s position and financial position, in a way that facilitates taking appropriate measures in a timely manner, Banks invest in high-quality assets with the aim of achieving the highest profits and continuing to remain competitive in the business world.

The study aims to clarify and analyze the capital structure of the two companies, the research sample, in order to reveal the financing sources used in these companies, as well as trying to detect the impact caused by the new issuance of ordinary shares on the capital structure, this is done by studying its financial statements and comparing the financial ratios of shares and loans during a specific period and the impact of that on the profitability achieved from the company’s practice of its investment activities, because it has an important impact on the profitability of the company, because the mistake in choosing the appropriate financing certainly leads to damage to the enterprise, and consequently it bears large losses that may end it. Therefore, it needs to determine the percentage of use of each part of the capital structure, and researchers have reached the result of inefficient management, failure to provide financing in a timely manner, and the error in making the right decisions based on appropriate information, which affects the efficiency of working capital, They also recommend studying and planning the financing structure of working capital, choosing appropriate financing channels, improving the efficiency of using working capital and striving to increase investment in working capital components through Making decisions that lead to maximizing the profitability of working capital.

The aim of the research is to study the effect of earnings per share on some indicators of liquidity management. The research community is represented by commercial banks in Iraq. (4) banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange were selected, based on their annual reports. Hypotheses were chosen through the use of the descriptive and analytical method, where the data of the surveyed banks were collected from the financial statements and reports. Financial analysis and statistical analysis were used in the study by applying the method of standard deviation analysis, cluster regression, fixed regression and random regression in order to find out the extent of the effect between the variables. The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which was a significant effect between earnings per share on the cash balance of the banks under discussion, and a significant effect between the earnings per share on the legal reserve of the banks under consideration, as for the recommendations to increase the expansion of the commercial banks’ departments in their activities through the optimal use of deposits in financing and their progress by those banks to increase the profits, which is reflected in the improvement of the earnings per share

This study aims to find out the effect of exchange rates on the volume of trading in the Istanbul Stock Exchange for the period (2020-2022). The study started from the hypothesis that exchange rate fluctuations have a direct effect on the volume. Trading in the Istanbul Stock Exchange, and the use of the Autoregressive Distributed Time Lapse Model (ARDL) and the causal relationship test (GRANGER 1969) to show the causal relationship between economic variables. The study found that there is no long-term cointegration relationship between the study variables.

The research focused on studying the impact degree of liquidity as one of the financial strength indicators on the financial stability to a number of private commercial banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange for the period (2012-2021). The research aimed to measure the impact of liquidity indicator on the financial stability of banks. The research problem started from a major question: Does liquidity have an impact on the financial stability of the banks selected in the study sample? The research also started with one main hypothesis that there is a significant influence relationship between liquidity and financial stability. The researchers reached a number of conclusions, the most important of them was the existence of A positively significant relationship between liquidity as an independent variable on the financial stability indicator (Z_SCORE) as a dependent variable. And the researchers recommended the need to reduce the capital adequacy of the research sample banks, And commitment with the ratio that approved by the Central Bank of Iraq amounting to 30%,. Although it is an good signal, but it leads to accumulation funds in the bank's vaults and withholding them from investment, which leads to decrease the profitability

The research seeks to demonstrate the role of banking service quality in improving financial performance through an exploratory study in the Arab Mashreq Islamic Bank. To achieve the goal of the research, the descriptive analytical approach was adopted, and the questionnaire form was used as a tool for data collection, as (50) forms were distributed to a sample of working individuals. The research concluded that there is a significant correlation between the quality of banking service and financial performance at the level of the bank under search, the research suggests increasing the bank\'s awareness of the needs and feelings of customers and striving to achieve them

To determine the extent of the safety or weakness of the banking sector in general, this requires the development of a single composite index using selected ratios of certain indicators to reflect the financial strength or weakness of the banking system, as relying on one or more indicators may give a unclear and accurate picture of the real financial health of the system. In the banking industry, in order to create an aggregate index, the data must be converted into standard values and weights assigned to the indicators. Finally, the weighted average method was adopted to extract the proposed comprehensive index. Therefore, the stability of the financial system as one of the main pillars for the development and progress of the national economy is of great importance in the economic system, and through what this system does of financial intermediation between depositors and investors, which in turn helps to strengthen Economic stability, so the Central Bank of Iraq is keen to provide it with an advanced and effective supervisory and regulatory system, so this study aims to analyze the reality and trend of financial stability in Iraq and the factors influencing it. Through the creation of a comprehensive index, the study reached several conclusions, the most important of which are the fluctuations in the values of the Iraqi Financial Stability Index for the period (2009-2012), and the general trend of these values is positive, indicating that there is a fluctuation in the values of the Iraqi Financial Stability Index for the period (2009-2012). acceptable level of stability the financial system is relatively stable, when looking at the economic and security developments that the country has gone through and the impact of those developments on the degree of financial stability. The study presented several recommendations, the most important of which is the need for the Central Bank of Iraq to cooperate with the composite financial stability index, which combines financial stability indicators with other indicators, and not only the financial security index to express the stability of the financial situation. In order to identify the most important developments and their implications for the stability of the Iraqi banking sector

The current research aims to test the correlation and impact between information technology and banking performance, as the research problem was the extent of the impact of information technology on the banking performance of government banks in Diyala Governorate. The importance of the research lies in the possibility of practical application and providing solutions to the problems that government banks suffer from in Diyala Governorate, especially the current problem. The questionnaire form was used as a data collection tool, and the government banks in Diyala Governorate were chosen as a research community, and (75) forms were distributed to the research sample, which is represented by the employees of these banks, and the data was analyzed using the (SPSS) program, and a number of statistical methods were used to test the research hypotheses. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was the existence of a correlation and impact between information technology and banking performance. The research ended with a set of appropriate recommendations, the most important of which was the need for banks to conduct an accurate survey of their capabilities and capabilities to determine the gap between them and organizations that have applied information technology, by adopting objective measures that diagnose their strengths and weaknesses, and as indicated by the theoretical foundations of the current research and by adopting information technology functions and a scale search.

The research focused on studying the impact degree of liquidity as one of the financial strength indicators on the financial stability to a number of private commercial banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange for the period (2012-2021). The research aimed to measure the impact of liquidity indicator on the financial stability of banks. The research problem started from a major question: Does liquidity have an impact on the financial stability of the banks selected in the study sample? The research also started with one main hypothesis that there is a significant influence relationship between liquidity and financial stability. The researchers reached a number of conclusions, the most important of them was the existence of A positively significant relationship between liquidity as an independent variable on the financial stability indicator (Z_SCORE) as a dependent variable. And the researchers recommended the need to work on increasing profitability, diversifying aspects of revenue collection, and providing the best banking services in exchange for the lowest costs for the research sample banks.

This study dealt with sensitivity towards market risk as one of the indicators for evaluating banking performance and its impact on the added market value, for a sample of Iraqi private banks for the period (2015-2020). The study problem stemmed from a main question: Does the sensitivity index towards market risks have an impact on the added market value of the study sample banks? The study started from a main hypothesis that there is a significant effect relationship between sensitivity towards market risk and market value added.), and the study recommended the need to pay attention to the sensitivity towards market risks for the study sample banks, and to adhere to the instructions of the Central Bank and international standards.

The subject of the financial sustainability of the banking system receives great attention from specialists in this field, as the repeated crises that the banking system was exposed to showed that measuring the financial sustainability of banks and their ability to face crises is not an easy matter, therefore, this study sought to measure financial sustainability indicators represented by (capital adequacy, sustainability index, liquidity and profitability), and an indication of the basic stages through which the process of applying stress tests goes through and an indication of their role in achieving financial sustainability. As well as a statement of questions, can stress tests be relied upon to measure the financial sustainability of banks and determine their ability to withstand shocks,
What is the change in the indicators of financial sustainability in the event of the occurrence of scenarios of different severity (least severe, medium severity, most severe). The study population is represented by the Iraqi banking sector, (2011-2021)

The aim of the research is to study the exchange rates test according to the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) approach by applying it to the Iraqi dinar and some other currencies, and to study the extent to which there is a correlation between the exchange rates of the Iraqi dinar and some currencies in the research sample countries. The research problem started from the question: What is the real exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against the dollar, and what are the economic bases adopted in determining it? The research community is represented in Iraq, Jordan, Iran and Turkey, while the research sample was represented by commodity prices and currency exchange rates in the research sample countries. The most prominent findings of the research were the lack of equality in purchasing power between Iraq and Iran, where the exchange rate was (0.03) dinars for each Iranian toman, while the difference in commodity prices was (0.08), so it is necessary to add the value of (0.03) dinars for each Iranian toman. 0.05) to the Iraqi dinar exchange rate to achieve the principle of purchasing power parity. The research recommends the necessity of adopting the principle of purchasing power parity in determining the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against the exchange rates of the research sample currencies