The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
This article will examine some of the core concepts of narrative space and identity within Ahmed Saadawi's Frankenstein in Baghdad, focusing on the symbolic function that Al-Shisma-joined together from the parts of the bodies of bomb blast victims-represents with regard to post-war Iraqi society. Through the fragmented narrative structure of setting and physical environment in Baghdad, this paper tries to argue that in Saadawi, the setting has been used as a metaphor for personal and collective identity disintegration after the invasion and occupation of Iraq. Al-Shisma struggles to acquire an incoherent identity; this itself reflects the existential crisis for many Iraqis torn between the previous regime's unity and authoritarianism and the chaos of the post-invasion era. Ultimately, the article discusses the fragmented existence of Al-Shisma as personifying traumatic experiences, alienation, and disillusionment of a war-torn nation.

Abstract:-
This paper discusses precocity for female agency and hybrid selfhood in the works of Alice Walker, specifically in Possessing the Secret of Joy, and that of Edwidge Danticat in her work Breath, Eyes, Memory within a postcolonial framework. It discusses how Tashi and Sophie negotiate cultural and historical strictures for the purpose of appropriation of agency and identity amidst the intersecting oppressions of patriarchy and colonialism. This is a fragmented yet powerful way that hybrid identities are described through acts of resistance, with a play of memory, tradition, and trauma. The findings reveal that Walker and Danticat depict agency as an enabling process of reclaiming the self, whereas hybrid selfhood is portrayed as an enabling space in which one's resilience and strength may be asserted. The paper contributes to the existing literature on postcolonial feminism, done with nuanced insight into the culturally specific and globally resonant contexts of identity formation and resistance. Further research might be comparative studies with other postcolonial feminist texts and interdisciplinary approaches regarding trauma theory and an intersectionality approach.

Abstract:-
Today, Shia religion is known in the world, especially in the Islamic world, as a religion that influences the political, social, intellectual and cultural developments of Muslims. For this reason, the Shia religion and especially the Marjaeyat and Velayat-e Faqih has been the focus of many researchers and scholars around the world, especially orientalists such as Heinz Halm and Andre J. Newman. In the book "Shia", Halm tried to briefly examine the Shia religion from the beginning to its time in terms of its origin, development and difference, and Newman also investigated the primary sources of Shia hadith in the book "The Formative Period of Twelver Hadith as discourse between Qum and Baghdad". Especially, the Sharif book has dealt with sufficient principles and their evaluation, and has also made a comparison between the status of two important Shiite bases, namely Baghdad and Qom, and their effect on the collection of religious hadiths. In this regard, the purpose of this article, which has been written using an analytical-critical and comparative approach, is to explain and recognize the common implicit goals pursued by these two scholars in these two scientific works. The results and findings indicate that both Orientalists share a common goal despite their differences, and that the stream of rationalism in Shia and consequently the authority and hierarchical system of spirituality and "ijtihad" that the Islamic Revolution is also one of the products of this authority system. To criticize. As Halm believes, the rationalist approach in Shia is borrowed from other religions and the school of principles is a heresy, and over time the concept of ijtihad has gone beyond the imagination of its original founders, and Newman also considers it contrary to the views of elders and leaders. It introduces the essence of Shiism.

Abstract:-
The family, which is the core of the society and from the perspective of the Holy Qur’an and those educated in the school of revelation, as the supreme leader, is the place of growth, prosperity and evolution, has faced many challenges, therefore, it is necessary to use the leadership's instructions to identify the challenges of the family and the ways out of them. Therefore, in the current research, which is done in terms of purpose, fundamental and descriptive analytical method, has addressed issues such as marriage, children, the role of men and women in the family, marital relationship and hijab. In each section, while mentioning the statements of the Supreme Leader, challenges and ways out of it have been mentioned. In the field of marriage, the main challenge is the wrong cultural attitude, unemployment, and the holding luxurious and extravagant wedding ceremonies, and the most important way out of that is simple marriage and creating employment. Another challenge is the reduction of childbearing, and the way out of it is to encourage childbearing, child rearing and the role of women in it. Regarding the challenge of family livelihood, the way out of it is to improve livelihoods, create jobs and flourish the economy. Also, regarding the roles of men and women in the family and hijab, the most important challenge is the influence of the western perspective, and the way to confront with it is to explain the Islamic perspective and pay attention to marital relations as the support of the family, as well as the role of women as the main pillar in the home.

Abstract:-
To dramatise poetry is to subject it to rules, requirements and directions of drama performance and necessity on the stage. Language in this regard must be able to exhibit the drama actions and representations, keeping the characteristics of poetry evident; i.e., tempo, image, metaphor, etc. However, verbalising poetry dramatically or dramatising poetry is a renewal to poetry and a restoration to drama, is to turn against that perception of poetry as resulting from a chaotic and highly sensitive individual and is to revert to the conception of poetry as presenting human actions fruitfully reflected on society.
The poems of the late Abdul Razaq Abdul Wahid are too much close to drama and dramatisation. Their phraseology and sentimentalism are glaringly vivid and graphic and lifelike.
The current research is a sincere attempt at analysing selected exchanges from the first act of Abdul Wahid’s dramatic poem (Al-Hur Al-Riyahi). It is hypothesised that: 1. messages between the participants within the poem can be taken as messages about the poem itself when looking at the communicative level; and 2. the language resources and codes accessible and employable by the poet at the ‘character-to-character’ interaction level can be analysed through certain ‘analytical procedures’ similar to those of natural language. Here lies the creative drama dialogue in poetry and here is the secret of the successful panoply of verbal interaction in (Al-Hur Al-Riyahi).

Abstract:-
This study attends to investigate the 2019-2020 Iraqi protests. By examining slogans, eye movements, and directional cues, this text explores how both language and images can reveal concealed notions, religious convictions, and hierarchical structures in the information we select. It also tries to clarify how and why these methods are used to create meaning. Therefore, a mix of three models is used to analyze the data both in terms of language and visually. The first model is by Fairclough (1989) for analyzing CDA, which consists of three interrelated processes of analysis that are: Text analysis, Discursive analysis and Social Practice analysis. The second model is Kress and van Leuween’s (2006) model is about how we use words and pictures to talk about events, objects, people, and situations. It also looks at how we use language and images to show the relationships between speakers/listeners, writers/readers, viewers and what is being seen. The model also considers how information is organized and emphasized in both the text and the images. The third model, created by Van Leeuwen in 2008, can be used to study exclusion, inclusion, and the difference between something general and something specific. The results show that the protests in Iraq are influenced by people\'s religious beliefs, nationality, power dynamics, and ideological preferences. This can be seen through the attire worn by the protesters, which represents them.

Abstract:-
The present study, titled "Phoneme Deletion of English Words in Third-Class Students' Speech in Intermediate Schools," tries to assess learners in English phonological development by searching through the samples of phoneme deletion in the pronunciation of third-class students presenting intermediate schools. This study employs qualitative analysis by using an open-ended questionnaire to get an understanding of the development of student's skills in phoneme and phonological deletion. The problem of the current study is to investigate phoneme deletion in English words produced by these students. Also, this study aims to analyze students' ability to delete specific phonemes and to increase our understanding of language fluency, shedding light on both language-producing competencies and obstacles faced by students in an intermediate school. The study concludes that it holds significant importance for instructors and curriculum developers focusing on purifying phonological consciousness instruction and language acquisition methodologies tailored to the needs of young learners in English language education, as is found within intermediate schools' environments.

Abstract:-
Language is a tool of communication and it is basically a means of expressing human's feeling, emotions and needs. Basically, the form of language use can be divided into formal and informal settings depending on the context of situation. Besides, slang expressions are considered as being nonsensical words. Hence, slang is an informal way of communication which is described as vulgar or colloquial. Slang is an innovation of language change formed by particular group of people to reflect their social and cultural identity. Studies on the sociolinguistic study of slang in Baghdad's community have not received the attention of researchers. The study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of slang as a manifestation of a person's cultural and social identity of Baghdadi community. That is, to investigate the relationship between the slang expressions and social identity. It also aims to find out which are the commonly slang expressions used among Baghdadi community and what are their social and pragmatic functions. It also sheds light on examining the various motivations behind using these slang expressions since there is no relationship between these linguistic expressions and standard language. The study followed a mixture of qualitative and quantitative research method, including questionnaires. More specifically, the data collected for this study is a survey that systematized as a questionnaire in which these expressions are classified into different types according to their functions, taking into consideration the importance of context in interpreting their pragmatic meaning. As a result, the present study found that Baghdadi community has uniqueness since they utilized different slang expressions in their interaction. The most commonly slang expressions used are to show intimacy. The findings of the study showed that the context has an important role in providing a full understanding of the intended meaning of slang words. Ultimately, this paper revealed how the choice of these expressions is utilized differently depending on certain social and pragmatic functions.

Abstract:-
The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of moderate aerobic exercise with coenzyme Q10 supplementation on serum Klotho levels and quality of life in elderly people in Tehran. Accordingly, 40 elderly people in Tehran with an average age of 67.72 ± 3.79 years, mean height of subjects were 161.95 ± 5.91 cm, mean weight 68.35 ± 5. 005 kg, and mean BMI, 26.04 ± 1.07 kg / m 2 were selected. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: aerobic training, supplementation of coenzyme Q10, aerobic exercise supplementation, coenzyme Q10, and control group. The aerobic exercise group performed an exercise intervention with intensity 60-65% of maximum heart rate for 30 minutes per session and 3 days per week for 8 weeks, and the CoQ10 group received 200 mg / day of They consumed this supplement. At the beginning and the end of this study, blood samples were taken to evaluate the serum levels of Klotho and SF36 questionnaire for assessing quality of life. The results of this study showed that aerobic training and aerobic exercise supplementation of coenzyme Q10 significantly increased the serum levels of elderly Klotho (P = 0.0001) and quality of life (P = 0.0001). The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there is a significant difference between the Klotho values and the quality of life of the elderly in the studied groups after an aerobic training course with supplementation of coenzyme Q10 (P = 0.0001).
Overall, the results of this study showed that CoQ10 supplementation and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 8 weeks improved quality of life and increased serum Klotho protein as an antihypertensive marker in the elderly. And it seems that doing these together would prevent deaths from diseases associated with aging.

Abstract:
The criminal policy directed at the legislator is the one that defines the crimes and penalties prescribed for them in light of the goal targeted by the criminal policy. This image is represented by the Penal Code and its related laws. As for the criminal policy directed at the judiciary, it is the one that determines the procedures for criminal litigation and the extent of the judge’s authority to impose the penalties prescribed for it. It is practiced when penal procedures are initiated, the last of which is the issuance of a judgement. The criminal policy directed at the enforcement authority relates to determining the powers of the penal institution charged with implementing the penalty and the measures, and the extent of the criminal policy that affects public contracts over this implementation.

Abstract:-
Ali Al-wardi is considered one of the most important secular intellectual figures in lraq, and he is credited with establishing sociology in lraq. the ideas of this man appeared in the mid - twentieth century and until now and social in lraq society.
As the research was dirided into three sections, the first topic concerned itself with the study of the linguistic and terminological roots of democracy.
Then, in the second topic, we examined Islamic democracy from the point of view of ali al-wardi, while the third section focused on ali-al-wardi,s reading of democracy in lraqi society finally.
We put a con clusion to this research, through which some important points about this research were indicated.

Abstract:-
The study of credit risks is one of the basic pillars of banking. This study seeks to know the impact between the credit risk allocation that the bank’s management allocates to hedge credit risks and the expected credit risks to determine the benefit of the allocation in facing credit risks and between the return on assets and the return on equity to determine the extent The impact of the provision on the bank’s profitability. A regression equation was used to determine the effect between the adopted variable, the credit risk allocation, and the independent variables. Credit risk indicators and profitability indicators at Citigroup Bank for the period (2000-2022). The analysis was done from three aspects: the first between the adopted variable and the credit risk indicators, and the second aspect: The second aspect is between the dependent variable and the profitability indicators, and the third aspect is between the dependent variable and all the independent indicators, with the aim of making the analysis comprehensive for the variables of the study. The study concluded that there is a significant effect between the dependent variable and the independent variables and in the three aspects.

Abstract:-
The origins of the new trends in modern theology can be traced back to the 19th and 20th centuries when some Orientalist theologians responded to criticisms of the Islamic religion, particularly of the Prophetic Sunnah of the prophet Muhammad. They adopted new ideas and methodologies to interpret religious texts and Islamic philosophy to clarify them and deal with all the intellectual and philosophical issues of the age. This was in response to the scientific and intellectual challenges brought about by French and British colonialism of the Islamic nation. Noteworthy is their interest in contemporary issues such as human rights, democracy, secularism, and issues related to technology, They also employed modern intellectual approaches in their research on religious beliefs, such as the philosophy of language, philosophy of science, and situational logic, and his advocacy of tolerance and dialogue among cultures and civilizations, including other religions. This research sheds light on the contemporary deep vision of the ideas and concepts of some representatives of modern trends in modern theology to understand religion and the importance of rational argumentation in line with modern developments and changes, and the impact of these trends on the practical application of religion in contemporary societies. Therefore, it is essential to examine the reality of contemporary theological trends, exploring the question of what the new trends in theology are and what causes their emergence, It also aims to clarify the impact of these trends and their concepts on Islamic thought.

Abstract:-
Our topic addresses the roles and events that preceded the Camel War through Muawiyah’s hidden role and the policy followed by various competing parties, whether by the legitimate caliph Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and the refusal of Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan, the governor of the Levant, to advance his mandate under the pretext that it began with the blood of the third caliph, Othman. Bin Affan and the events that preceded that, with which he wanted to market some characters. The subsequent events and correspondence carried out by the governor of the Levant, Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan, for the purpose of creating a united front opposed to the trends of the new caliph; In addition to his unification of the ranks of the Umayyads and their integration into this project in his capacity as the new sheikh of the Umayyads; He also had a role no less important than that in directing the compass of the conflict to make Basra an arena for the awaited battle after he suggested that to Talha, Al-Zubayr and the rest of the Umayyads. He also had the most prominent role in gathering, mobilizing and directing the armies. To Basra due to the army and authority he possessed over the governors who were excluded by Caliph Ali bin Abi (peace be upon him). The matter formed an alliance in which common interests converged with the aim of commanding the Muslims, and all of that resulted in the Battle of the Camel that took place in Basra in the thirty-sixth year of the Hijra. As the first internal armed conflict between Muslims.

Abstract:-
Given the pivotal role and prominent position of performance auditing in ensuring oversight, promoting transparency, and reinforcing accountability, this study explores the perspectives of auditors from the Federal Board of Supreme Audit and a number of academics in the Republic of Iraq. The aim is to identify their views and perceptions regarding the most significant indicators related to the levels of performance auditing conducted by the Federal Board of Supreme Audit and the extent to which these indicators contribute to enhancing oversight, promoting accountability, and improving administrative performance in public sector institutions. To achieve this, a structured questionnaire was developed and administered. The study sample consisted of 184 individuals divided into two groups: the first group included 114 employees of the Federal Board of Supreme Audit, while the second group comprised 70 academic professionals. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires and analyzed through the SPSS statistical software. The results indicate that both groups supported all of the study's hypotheses. However, the first hypothesis—concerning the qualifications of the Board’s employees to conduct performance audits—and the second hypothesis—highlighting the importance of including supporting specializations within performance evaluation teams—received stronger endorsement from the Federal Board group compared to the academics. Conversely, the third hypothesis—regarding the role of performance auditing in achieving higher levels of oversight in public sector entities—the fourth hypothesis—asserting the role of performance auditing in promoting accountability—and the fifth hypothesis—suggesting that performance auditing contributes to improving public sector management—were more strongly supported by the academic group than by the Board's auditors. In light of these findings, the acceptance of these hypotheses underscores the critical importance of the Federal Board of Supreme Audit and its central role in fostering tangible improvements in public administration and enhancing performance in government institutions, ultimately reflecting positively on the quality of services delivered to citizens. Nonetheless, these results simultaneously highlight the pressing need to strengthen follow-up and accountability mechanisms to ensure maximum effectiveness of performance auditing and to bolster confidence in its capacity to achieve its intended objectives and outcomes.

Abstract:-
The hadith (fleeing from Aften) is agreed upon from the important hadiths contained in the two Sahihs, which is considered one of the authentic hadiths of the chains of transmission according to the hadith scholars, which is known as (the gold chain).
As this hadith is one of the flags of prophecy, where he told the honest and trustworthy (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) about what will be the condition of the people of his nation after him, especially at the end of time from the occurrence of sedition and the large number of problems that preoccupy the Muslim cause of the weakness of religion and corruption and the loss of honesty and underestimation Here came the best solution in the light of the divine revelation that does not speak of passion that it is only a revelation inspired which is distance and isolation if he fears the loss of his religion.

Abstract:-
Adiabene was the title of a government in the north of the Mesopotamia, which was located as a transit area at the intersection of important communication lines from west to east and south to north, and was of great strategic importance. In addition to its geographical location, Adiabne's natural resources were undoubtedly vital to its neighbors around the Upper Tigris region, including Armenia, the Parthian kingdoms of Iran, and Rome. Therefore, it is clear that this region was coveted by the surrounding governments due to its geopolitical importance and its natural resources. The subjection of Adiabene was very important for the Romans because this region was the gateway to Mesopotamia and Armenia for the expansionist Romans. The Parthians also tried to preserve the citizenship of this region in opposition to the Romans. This situation had caused the Northern Mesopotamia, especially the Adiabene region, to become an arena for conflict between the Parthians and the Romans. In addition, Adiabene, as an intermediary state between Iran and Rome, played a very important and effective role in the relations between the two mentioned powers. Although Adiabene came under the citizenship of the Parthian state in the second half of the second century BC, but until the end of the Parthian rule in 224 AD, it tried to maintain its political existence by adopting neutral policies, sometimes leaning towards the east (Parthians) and sometimes leaning towards the west (Romans). This research tries to investigate the role and place of Adiabane in the relations between Romans and Parthians by using descriptive-analytical method using historical sources and sources.

Abstract:-
Artistic posters are one of the most important visual means that combine artistic creativity and the effective communication. It is a tool that carries within it a message presented to the recipient in an attractive and characterized way. With the development of the artistic various, the impact of these artistic currents appeared on the designs of the posters, whose most prominent is the Cubism which depended on the deconstruction of visual elements and re-form them by using the geometric shapes and intersecting lines, which provided a new space for creativity and excellence as an effective tool for cultural and promotional communication which, as it links the artistic style with the advertising content in a creative, inspiring way. In this research, the researcher seeks to review how integration between the two sides can be achieved through artistic works that meet both practical and aesthetic needs which reflexes the role of the art in general and the poster in particular the role of art in serving cultural and marketing goals.

Abstract:-
When the law recognizes a right, it must impose a corresponding obligation, as we find that the media professional, despite enjoying some rights that are considered guarantees for him and are basic guarantees as they are an important rule in the work of media professionals. However, he is burdened with many duties, the violation of which results in the imposition of a penalty on him, such as compensation or correction and response, depending on the type of violation, which may be a moral penalty or a civil penalty, and according to the nature of the duty or obligation. Among these rights and duties is the right of the media professional to obtain information, his right not to be forced to state the sources of his information, his right not to be questioned in cases of expressing his opinion. These rights are met by some obligations that must be adhered to, including his duty not to interfere with the private lives of individuals, and his duty not to defame others, and this is what we will find the details of in the folds of this research...

Abstract:-
After the separation between the spouses occurs, which is the most hated of what is permissible to God, the issue of child custody is one of the first priorities of the dispute that occurs between them. In the event of failure to reach an agreement, which is the prevailing situation between the disputing spouses on this issue, the role of the legal texts in force appears to address it, assuming that they are properly formulated, which contributes effectively to resolving this dispute and avoiding social problems in society. One of the important issues that appear after the issue of child custody is settled is the right of the party who did not have custody to see and accompany him. The custodian often prevents this right, believing that this act is not punishable by law, in addition to his doing some actions that aim to spread hatred in the soul of the child in custody towards the father or to abuse him. These dangerous actions in reality affect important interests within society. Due to the importance of this topic and to achieve the desired objectives, we have taken it as a subject for research.

Abstract:-
Conclusion The conflict of evidence has a clear place in the narrations and evidence, and it cannot be eliminated or escaped from. Many arguments have been quoted from the infallibles, peace be upon them, and they came in the form of narrations and hadiths. One of the arguments is contradiction with the common people. This means that if two pieces of evidence contradict each other, the jurists take the evidence that contradicts the common people. They leave out the evidence that agrees with them, and this likely has many applications in various sections of jurisprudence and principles, but in this field, the jurists have rarely written about topics related to this rule or have not addressed it, such as: What is the meaning of the common people in this narration? Where is the area of this rule and its applications located? What is the base stream? The difference between the rule and piety? What is the angel in violation of the public? Is this rule entitled a topic or a path to reach legitimate rule? And so on.In this investigation, we will carefully research and answer these questions until the truth of this rule is revealed and we distinguish the incorrect understanding of this rule.

Abstract:
Sports management is an integrated process of planning, organizing, directing and implementing sports activities. Sports management aims to achieve sustainable success for sports teams and institutions. Sports management tasks include managing human and financial resources, organizing events, marketing and public relations. Sports management helps maintain focus and unity within sports teams by balancing individual interests and organizational goals. It also enhances sportsmanship and enthusiasm among individuals working in the sports field, which increases the success rates of sports institutions. The success of sports management requires a set of basic skills and qualifications. Sports management skills include leadership, effective communication, strategic thinking, human and financial resource management, and sports marketing. In addition to the academic aspect, personal and leadership skills, in addition to technical and legal knowledge in the field of sports, are the most prominent features of sports management specialists.

Abstract:-
The right to protest against a person of public or private law in the context of international or domestic relations requires that it be based on a foundation, and perhaps raising the international responsibility of the state is very dangerous. According to general principles, every person possesses will and freedom of choice and knowledge of what he chooses will be held accountable for his actions, both positive and negative, and his responsibility for them will continue as long as he continues in his condition.
Rather, it remains, even if his legal status changes, regarding the criminal acts he previously committed, without the acts he will commit, meaning that his responsibility is not affected by the past necessitating acts.
As if a citizen lost his nationality after committing the act or became insane, then the nationality that reflects his political affiliation at the time of committing the terrorist act is what matters. The responsibility of his country must remain in place if it neglected or failed to prevent him from committing the terrorist act. Criminal responsibility is established whether the terrorist act was committed by an ordinary person or an official.

Abstract:-
This research aims to study the symmetry of the formal construction of the linear formations. Both the researcher employed the descriptive analytical method. The research community is (14) samples. The search sample was selected intentionally with one sample from the total community. The two researchers prepared the research tool represented by (analysis form). It has been presented to a set of specialists in this field. The two researchers reached to several results including: The linear levels of the formations according to the adopted design considering the reading aspect that achieve harmony between the linear syllables and the text, as well as that the multiple of the one form of letters and words allowing the calligrapher the freedom to manipulate the artistic work by investing in the shapes of the letters in a scientific manner and placing it in its designated place, therefore it has achieved the spread of elements in the linear formation, and the characteristic of symmetry is related to the reduction which is generated through the similarity between words and letters, and therefore the state of the apparent condensation of the linear configurations creates the state of reduction which was formed due to the formal consistency between the letters as the researchers recommended and suggested: developing the artistic and specialized curricula in the art of Arabic calligraphy, and publishing educational courses and booklets in the art of making artwork, with advanced methods, fitting for the contemporary time, and the focus on the importance of these linear formations.

Abstract:-
The current research aims to identify self-control and moral competence among university students and the statistical significance of the correlation between self-control and moral competence. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher selected a random sample from the research community, which is the students of the University of Babylon for the academic year (2024/2025) and used the Thomson equation to extract the sample size. The result of the equation was that the sample size amounted to (378) male and female students who were distributed in a proportional random manner according to the Cochrane equation and the research tools were applied to them. Using the appropriate statistical tools, the validity and reliability values of the research tools were extracted. A set of results were reached, in light of which the researcher developed a set of recommendations and proposals.

Abstract:-
Media is considered one of the most crucial tools in combating the phenomenon of drug abuse due to its vital role in raising public awareness and encouraging individuals to make informed decisions that contribute to reducing the spread of this issue. It plays a central role in disseminating information about the dangers of drugs and their harmful effects on individuals and society through various means, such as awareness campaigns, educational programs, and audiovisual content that promote a culture of prevention. This research focuses on the social responsibilities assigned to media institutions in spreading awareness about the risks of drug abuse and their role in shaping public consciousness, particularly among targeted groups like youth. However, this role is accompanied by numerous professional and social challenges. Professionally, the media must ensure the accuracy and credibility of the content it provides, avoid spreading misleading messages, and present information in a way that does not provoke curiosity or unintentionally promote drug use. Socially, the media faces the challenge of tailoring its content to align with the cultural context of different communities.

Abstract:-
The Qur'an is the main source of the world religion of Islam and the enduring miracle of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). They have tried to reduce the value and position of the Quran by raising many doubts. One of the doubts raised by orientalists is related to the sources of the Quran. This article analyzes and criticizes Mohammad Arkun's views on the infinitude of the Qur'an. The main goal of this research is to get familiar with Arkon's views on the infinitude of the Qur'an and provide criticisms on this point of view. Arkon analyzes the infinitude of the Qur'an using modern and scientific methods and emphasizes the compatibility of ideologies with the scientific and intellectual phenomena of modern society. He highlights the difference between the divine word and revelation and emphasizes the importance of interpreting these concepts with regard to mythology. In this research, he analyzes Archon's views with a descriptive-analytical and comparative method and provides criticisms on his views. Archon's thoughts about the infinitude of the Qur'an, which is rooted in revelation and the divine word, are examined, and then his Qur'anic interpretations are analyzed. The main criticisms include the instability in Archon's thinking due to the lack of agreement between revelation and the divine word and criticism of his mythological thought in the interpretation of Quranic verses. By providing evidence, he analyzes the viewpoints and shows that his interpretations and the claim that the Qur'an is influenced by the covenants and the culture of the time are baseless and that the only source of the Qur'an is God.

Abstract:-
This study sought to know the nature of secondary school teachers' opinions about the effectiveness of modern teaching methods that were included in the Iraqi education curriculum and whether these modern teaching methods work to develop the cognitive aspect of secondary school students and increase social interaction, in parallel with enhancing their ability to solve problems and achieve the study objectives, and the descriptive exploratory approach was used.
The researcher used a questionnaire to find out opinions about the modern teaching methods applied in the chemistry curriculum and to verify its characteristics. The questionnaire was applied to a sample of 144 respondents from chemistry teachers at the secondary level in the schools of Karbala in Iraq. The study showed that secondary education chemistry teachers believe that the modern teaching methods included in the Iraqi curricula develop the cognitive aspect of students, increase their social interaction, and enhance their ability to solve problems.

Abstract:-
Hadith texts, throughout the history of Shia hadith, have been of interest to scholars for a long time. The book Nahj al-Balagha and Tuhf al-Aqool is one of the books that has been useful since it was written by muhaddith scholars such as Sheikh. Since these books were written almost at the same time And some sermons, letters and short words of Nahj al-Balagheh are mentioned in Tohf al-Aqool; However, the adaptation of these two books has been given less attention by researchers in terms of content and structure, the structural and content comparative-analytical approach shows that the narratives narrated in these two books are structurally and content-wise. They have common concepts and differences. Their structural commonalities include the deletion of documents, the commonalities of unique narrations, the content commonalities include the use of similar sources, the use of narrations with the same text, the repetition of narrations. Also, the structural differences between Nahj-ul-Balagha and Tuf-ul-Aqool narrations include the difference in the selection of narrations, the difference in the reason for issuing the narrations, the content differences include the brevity of Nahj-ul-Balagha, the difference in the fewness and abundance of expressions, the difference in the different titles of the narrations and the narrators' expressions. From other imams.

Abstract:-
This study aimed to identify the manifestations of psychological alienation among high school students and its relationship to academic achievement according to the variable of academic specialization in the branches (scientific - literary). The research sample consisted of 100 students from Al-Murabid Central High School in Najaf Governorate. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher adopted the scale of (Al-Majayda, 2019), which consists of 52 items. Thus, the total score of the scale ranges between (52 and 260). The study concluded that the research sample did not have a statistically significant level of psychological alienation and that academic specialization does not play a role in the level of psychological alienation.

Abstract:-
This study focuses on the judicial standard in administrative contracts, dividing it into two sections: ordinary and administrative judiciary, and administrative contract standard before the administrative judiciary. Previous research has explored the distinction between civil and commercial contracts, but this topic deserves a unique approach to distinguish these contracts.

Abstract:-
Qur'an is a collection of beliefs, insights and compact instructions that has spoken in the best way about the human existence, the truth of the creation of the world, the origin, the destination, the goal of creation and its end, and the way for the individual and the society to reach the happiness of this world and the hereafter. The scientific authority of the Quran means "influence of the Quran on the structured human knowledge" which today in the space of Quranic studies and researches has been favored by some Quranic scholars in the direction of Islamization of sciences in the path of true human evolution. The purpose of explaining the relationship between the explanation of the Qur'an and its scientific authority, with a "descriptive-analytical method", about "explanation" as one of the prominent attributes of the Qur'an, and the quality of the implication of this attribute to the relationship of the Qur'an with regard to the meanings and applications of the scientific authority of the Divine Word. In the opinion of Allameh Tabatabai, the view of the commentators that "and we sent down...the explanation of everything" (Nahl/89) to its predecessors and the explanation of issues related to the general guidance of the people by the Qur'an, is correct when the explanation is meant , the same is the usual expression through the verbal signification of the word, and the Qur'an contains hidden secrets and mysteries that the normal and conventional human understanding is incapable of discovering and understanding. It is trying to complete the proof with the servants. As a result of analyzing the views of the two commentators mentioned above, the Qur'an has a compatible relationship with science and has the ability to refer to science in various fields.

Abstract:
A believer is permanently in a state of guard and restoration of his faith, in order to preserve the life of this faith and infuse the spirit in it, reforming it while he is at the same time. To the degree of firmness and the station of the righteous.
Doubt, although it constantly burns the face of faith, does not go away every time it reveals it. Rather, it is sometimes a means of drawing a person’s attention to his faith and his sense of it. Therefore, it crystallizes it and brings it out to the realm of consciousness and feeling, and without it in most cases it is in the circle of the subconscious, and here the well-known saying is true: things are known by their opposites. Doubt can be considered a sharpening of faith, and on the other hand, doubt may be the most effective medicine for non-believers, as it brings them out of the darkness of atheism to the light of faith. So there are different legal effects of doubt, including a mandate from the necessity of repetition and inadmissibility, and among them is a position such as invalidity.

Abstract:-
This research aims to explore the most prominent Iraqi novels that have addressed the issues of violence and terrorist attacks during the post-American invasion of Iraq in 2003. It places particular emphasis on a critical analysis of two notable novels that have transcended the traditional realist framework to delve into surreal narrative worlds. These worlds invoke elements of boundless imagination and unconventional scenarios: The Dead of Baghdad by Jamal Hussein Ali and Frankenstein in Baghdad by Ahmed Saadawi.
This study employs an analytical approach aimed at identifying the similarities and differences in the use of symbolism and narrative paradoxes between these two works. It highlights how the authors leverage the tools of fantasy and the absurd as means to critique lived reality or to escape from its harshness.

Abstract:-
Arabic Literature and the Role of Nostalgia in Deconstructing Trauma Arabic literature, like other fields of knowledge, is in a continuous quest for modernization and progress. It strives to keep pace with contemporary developments, integrate into the global literary movement, and contribute to the advancement of reality while anticipating the future. This pursuit aims to achieve literary creativity by deciphering the complexities and hidden codes of literary texts. One of the significant literary phenomena in this regard is nostalgia (the longing for the past), which serves as a literary device frequently employed by writers to address the social and political traumas experienced by Arab societies, particularly during major transformations such as wars and revolutions. Human nature is inherently driven by the instinct for survival, and individuals often seek to distinguish between what they have personally witnessed or heard and what they have read in historical accounts documenting past events. Based on this perspective, learning from past experiences and utilizing them as a foundation for reconstructing the present and shaping the future becomes essential. This study investigates how nostalgia is employed in modern Arabic literature as a mechanism for understanding and engaging with trauma, both at the level of character development and narrative structure. It moves beyond nostalgia as a mere artistic device, highlighting its role in shaping intellectual awareness, refining conceptual understanding, and elucidating the significance of key literary and philosophical terms. By situating these terms within their proper contexts, the research aims to remove ambiguities and emphasize the central role of nostalgia in literary studies.