Magazine of historical studies and archaeology

The post of minister in the Fatimid state passed through different and varying circumstances between power and weakness in the first period of Fatimid rule, where the influence of the minister was influenced by the strength of the caliph and the personality of the minister himself. We find powerful ministers and other ministers whose influence has weakened the power of the Fatimid state. The ministers of the second Fatimid era had power and influence over the state. The path to the ministry was resolved by the armed conflict between the incumbent minister and those in office. The ministers were powerful and their influence had positive consequences for the authority of the Fatimid state. In contrast, some weak ministers appeared to have influenced the authority of the state. Sometimes they used Christian ministers to run the country. The ministers took control in varying periods and joined with them Moroccans and Sudan. Some ministers who left their mark on the Fatimid state, such as Minister Barjouan and Hassan Ben Ammar, also witnessed the assassination of some judges like Justice Malik Ben Said. During our research, we demonstrated the effects of the assassinations of the Fatimid ministers on Egyptian society.

الدور الرقابي للبرلمان العراقي في مكافحة الفساد

م. د. جواد رضا رزوقي السبع
ملخص باللغة العربية
	يعد الفساد بكافة أنواعه وإشكاله وحدا من أهم الإخطار التي تهدد كيان الدولة العراقية، فعلى الرغم من ان الفساد لم يظهر بشكل واضح في ظل الحكم الدكتاتوري الذي لم يوضح الخط الفاصل بين ملكية الدولة والملكية العائدة لحزب البعث، إلا أن الدمار الهائل الذي طال البنى التحتية للعراق وفرض العقوبات الاقتصادية بعد اجتياح الكويت 1990 كان لها أثارها السلبية على المجتمع العراقي، وبعد التحول الديمقراطي في العراق عام 2003 عملت سلطة الائتلاف المؤقتة وفق معايير متراخية في إنفاق الأموال مما ساعد في اختفاء ملاين الدولارات، ومع سن الدستور العراقي وتشكيل الحكومة العراقية المنتخبة عام 2005 لم يبذل الكثير لعكس هذا الاتجاه في محاربة الفساد، على الرغم من تشكيل هيئة النزاهة وتفعيل دور ديوان الرقابة المالية وتشكيل مكتب المفتشين العموميين، الا ان الدور الذي كان من المفترض ان يؤديه البرلمان العراقي في مراقبة الأداء الحكومي ومكافحة الفساد لم يفعل بشكل يتناسب مع الإخطار التي تهدد وجود المؤسسات الدستورية العراقية. وان الفرضية التي ينطلق منها البحث هي: ما هو الدور الذي أنيط بالبرلمان العراقي فيما يخص مكافحة الفساد؟ وماهي العوائق التي تقف بوجه ممارسة هذا الدور؟   
	ومن خلال ثنايا البحث تم الوصول الى نتيجة مفادها ان البرلمان العراقي يؤدي دور مفصلي في قضية مكافحة الفساد والحد من تفشيه بين مؤسسات الدولة عبر التشريعات القانونية التي تحدد مواطن الفساد وسن قوانين جزائية خاصة بمعاقبة المفسدين، او عبر عدم سن القوانين التي تتيح الفرص للمسؤولين استغلال مناصبهم الحكومية لتحقيق مصالحهم الشخصية والحزبية. ومما يمكن تلمسه من خلال هذا البحث انه كلما قويت الاحزاب السياسية المهيمنة على المؤسسة التشريعية والتنفيذية وازداد الانضباط الحزبي لأفرادها الممثلين في البرلمان قل دور هذه الجهة وفعاليته في مكافحة الفساد والمفسدين. 
	واكد البحث على الاختلال في التوازن السياسي والتركيب الحزبي داخل البرلمان ليس وضعاً موتياً للبرلمان لكي يكون له موقع قوي لمكافحة الفساد لا سيما في ظل وجود تكتل حزبي كبير تنتمي السلطة التنفيذية اليه او هو ينتمي الى السلطة التنفيذية، فيكون التداخل ان لم يكن اختلاط في وظائف البرلمان مع وظائف الحكومة وليس من المفترض ان يكون عليه استقلال كلا السلطتين وتكون السلطة التشريعية رقيبة على اداء السلطة التنفيذية وتصويب الاخطاء التي تحدث فيها. وان تداخل كلا السلطتين يعيق عمل اعضاء اللجان الدائمة في البرلمان من الاضطلاع بدورها في مكافحة الفساد لا سيما إذا كانت شبهة الفساد تخص أحد اعضاء الكتل السياسية في الحكومة التي ينتمي اليها هؤلاء الاعضاء. 

 
Abstract
	Corruption, in all its forms and forms, is one of the most important threats threatening the state of Iraq. Although corruption did not appear clearly under the dictatorial rule, which did not clarify the dividing line between state ownership and property belonging to the Baath Party, And the imposition of economic sanctions after the invasion of Kuwait 1990 has had a negative impact on the Iraqi society, and after the democratic transition in Iraq in 2003, the CPA worked according to lax standards in spending money, which helped the disappearance of millions of dollars, and with the enactment of the Iraqi constitution and the formation of the Iraqi government Elected in 2005 did not do much to reverse this trend in the fight against corruption, despite the formation of the Integrity Commission and activate the role of the Office of Financial Supervision and the formation of the Office of Inspectors General, but the role that was supposed to be performed by the Iraqi parliament in monitoring government performance and the fight against corruption did not proportionate With the notification threatening the existence of Iraqi constitutional institutions. The premise of the research is: What is the role assigned to the Iraqi parliament in the fight against corruption? What are the obstacles to the exercise of this role?
	The researcher reached the conclusion that the Iraqi parliament plays a pivotal role in the fight against corruption and reducing its spread among state institutions through legal legislations that define corruption and the enactment of penal laws for punishing corruptors or by not enacting laws that provide opportunities for officials to exploit their government positions to achieve their personal interests And party. It can be seen through this research that the stronger political parties dominate the legislative and executive institution and increased partisan discipline of its members represented in parliament less role and effectiveness in combating corruption and spoilers.
	The study stressed the imbalance in the political balance and party structure within the parliament is not a dead state of parliament to have a strong position to combat corruption, especially in the presence of a large party bloc belonging to the executive branch or the executive branch, so overlap if not mixed in the functions of parliament With the functions of the government and is not supposed to be the independence of both authorities and the legislative authority is a guarantor of the performance of the executive branch and correct the mistakes that occur in them. And the overlap of both authorities impede the work of members of the Standing Committees in the parliament to play its role in the fight against corruption, especially if the suspicion of corruption belongs to a member of the political blocs in the government to which these members belong.


Al Hassan son of Imam Al Hassan bin Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon them( and his mother Khawla daughter of Manzoor bin Zayyan bin Syyar al-Fizari, Al- Hassan (Muthanna) married Fatima daughter al-Hussein bin Ali bin Abi Talib peace be upon them) and Al-Hassan (Muthanna) married Umm Al Fadil daughter of Mohammed bin Ali, married Umm Musa daughter of Omar bin Ali and married Ramla daughter of Sa'eed bin Zaid and married Habiba. Hassan (Muthanna) had several sons. He narrated several hadiths about his father, his grandfather and his wife Fatima bint al-Hussein (peace be upon them).
He faced many ordeals, including his participation in Al-Tuf incident (61 AH), He was wounded by several wounds and saved by Asma bin Kharjah from the captivity and treatment until he recovered.
Historical sources differed on the date of his martyrdom, as well as his age when he was martyred.

The acquisition of science and knowledge over the history of ancient Iraq is a great asset in the development of the origins of the recorded history of mankind, which left a great impact in the development of civilization and if it was not able to record the science and knowledge, no doubt that the science known to man since ancient times is an attempt to understand the unknown, From these papers, the old Iraqi ambition is to spread the scientific civilization from the theoretical side to the applied side of science in ancient Iraq. These were the sciences of lice, history, geography, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, natural sciences and art industries (minerals and chemistry.(

Diplomatic relations constitute the cornerstone of the policies of countries towards each other and their relations in various fields, as the diplomatic work paves the fertile ground for making the right strategic decision. Therefore, Iraq was a pioneer in consolidating its diplomatic relations with the Arab countries, Therefore, the Iraqi and Tunisian diplomacy was not the decision maker and works freely, but dictated by the instructions from Baghdad or Tunisia. Therefore, the relations between Iraq and Tunisia witnessed waves of tides and sometimes rupture and the withdrawal of ambassadors from both parties. This is due to the conflict of political interests and relations between Iraq and Tunisia with their Arab surroundings Particularly the United Arab Republic and the rest of the Arab States.

The research aims to the study of natural disasters and its impact in Egypt through Al-Selok Lmarfat Duool Al-Meluk book for Al- Magrezy (d845H) , illustrate the effect of the disasters on people especially in high prices whether these prices were belonging to Foods or Drugs and also infrastructure like apartments and Mosques ete… .
This natural disasters had strong impacts with all conditions of the state and the citizens like periled the markets and the role of crafts and drop of the trade and spread of the epidemic and diseases and the large number of death and necessity some people to eat the dead things and eating the grime because of this disasters .

This study examines the city of Tabas and its pioneering role in Arab Islamic history on all levels. The previous studies of cities did not shed light on the events that took place in them and were the focus of many conflicts and historical battles. Its importance in the study of the city is a scientific study added to the field of previous studies on cities in the Islamic Mashreq.
Topics are divided as follows:
The first subject: - Study in the geography of Tabas
The second topic: - Administrative and political conditions of the city of Tabas.
The third topic: the intellectual movement in the city of Tabas

I have dealt in my research entitled “Biography of the companion Saad bin Moath may Allah be pleased with him and the orientalist Zettersteen’s artical” the biography of one of the great companions, who lived only six years of the age of the Islamic call, since he became muslim after the sale of the first Aqaba, and died in the fifth year of migration, but they were years full of good attitudes, we find him standing faithful believer, proud of his religion, loving his messenger, in every difficult position passed by the prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and the muslims in Madina, during those years .
As my research in the biography of this companion coupled with what the orientalist Zettersteen has wrote about him in the Encyclopedia of Islam Knowladge, I stood at some points in his artical, and discussed it, indicating the truth about them .
I has divided the research into four-axes :
1- Ratios sahaabi Saad bin Moath and his attributes congenital and moral .
2- Islam Saad bin Moath and it’s impact on his people .
3- Saad’s courageous attitudes .
4- Saad’s status .