Journal Of Al-Imam University Collage

This study explored the effect of mobile phones on learning English vocabularies by Iraqi EFL students at Nineveh Governorate. It investigates Iraqi EFL students’ attitudes about the use of smartphones in learning English vocabulary. It also aims at identifying the problems that Iraqi EFL students face while using phones in learning vocabulary. The sample of the study consisted of 30 EFL fourth preparatory students from Om Al Rabeein Secondary School of Outstanding Girls at Nineveh Governorate. The participants were chosen randomly from different groups. Data were collected through questionnaires. The findings showed that Iraqi EFL students had a positive attitude towards using smartphones in learning English vocabularies. In addition, the results proved that there were problems that EFL students face while using smartphone in learning vocabulary.

This study addresses the issue of achieving justice in the application of financial rulings under conditions of economic imbalance, considering it a fundamental objective of Islamic law and a pressing practical necessity, particularly in financial transactions that directly affect individual interests and social stability. Economic imbalance resulting from inflation, changes in the purchasing power of money, and financial crises raises serious questions regarding the fairness of applying traditional Islamic financial rulings to a constantly changing economic reality. Hence, Fiqh al-Wāqiʿ (jurisprudence of reality) emerges as an essential methodological approach that links legal texts and their objectives to surrounding economic and social circumstances, thereby ensuring justice, removing hardship, and preventing injustice. The study derives its particular significance from the Iraqi context, which has experienced severe economic fluctuations over recent decades, directly impacting financial obligations and transactions. This situation necessitates a renewed juristic examination of how financial rulings are applied, in order to achieve fairness between contracting parties while maintaining a balance between the stability of legal texts and flexibility in application. The study also highlights the importance of just financial rulings in regulating the movement and distribution of wealth, promoting economic and social stability, and addressing corruption and mismanagement of resources. It aims to clarify the causes and effects of economic imbalance in Iraq and to emphasize the role of financial justice in restoring balance and stability, within clearly defined temporal, spatial, and thematic boundaries.

The spread of the drug phenomenon constitutes a major challenge facing countries because it is a phenomenon that takes on various health, security, economic and moral dimensions that does not concern one country in particular, but rather includes all countries. Therefore, countries alone cannot confront the dangers of drugs and psychotropic substances. International legislation in this regard has had a major role from which most countries have derived their powers to combat. The phenomenon of drugs and psychotropic substances of all kinds.
International legal rules for preventing and combating the illicit trade in drugs have established many legal principles regulating its authority to prevent and combat, including the principle of joint cooperation in prevention and control, the principle of common international interest to protect the public health of humanity by imposing drug control, the principle of cooperation between countries to achieve health and social security, and others. Of principles.

This research deals with the legal regulation of constitutional amendment procedures, by studying the concepts of the constitution, constitutional amendment, and constituent authority, as well as the competent bodies and stages of proposal, discussion, approval, and ratification. The study showed the difficulty of amending the Iraqi Constitution of 2005 due to the requirement of two-thirds parliamentary approval, popular referendum, presidential ratification, and the possibility of objection by three provinces, compared to constitutions like France and Egypt. The study recommends lowering the parliamentary approval threshold and reconsidering the right of objection to protect regions without obstructing amendments.

This research examines how religion was used in ancient Babylon as a tool to achieve political, economic, and social goals. In Babylonian civilization, religious beliefs were not just about spirituality; they were strategically employed to strengthen the king's power, collect taxes, and unite the state. By linking royal authority to divine will, any disobedience to the king was seen as a rebellion against the gods. The study highlights how the rise of the god "Marduk" mirrored the political growth of Babylon, and how temples acted as economic hubs for managing irrigation and resources. Ultimately, religion served to organize the social hierarchy and ensure public loyalty, proving that the strategic use of the sacred was the foundation of political stability and national identity in ancient Babylon
Religious Employment

This study aims to explore how Iraqi media address the topic of artificial intelligence, the nature of the media discourse used in its coverage, and the aspects most frequently emphasized. The research employs content analysis as its main methodological approach, examining a sample of news items published on the websites of the Iraqi News Agency and Alsumaria News Channel, as two of the most prominent media outlets in Iraq, in order to identify how artificial intelligence is represented in Iraqi media discourse.
The study is based on a purposive systematic sample using the constructed week method within a specific time frame. A content analysis form was designed to classify news items according to their type, content, and direction. The findings reveal that most news coverage adopts a straight news and report-oriented format, with a strong emphasis on the positive aspects of artificial intelligence, such as development, modernization, and improving media performance, while giving limited attention to negative aspects and ethical or professional challenges associated with the use of these technologies.
The results also indicate notable differences between the two media outlets. The Iraqi News Agency tends to employ an official and institutional discourse characterized by neutrality and directness, whereas Alsumaria News presents the topic in a simpler and more audience-oriented manner. Overall, the study concludes that Iraqi media are still at an early stage of introduction and experimentation with artificial intelligence, highlighting the need for enhanced professional training, clearer policies, and well-defined legal and ethical frameworks to ensure responsible and professional use of these technologies.

The study aimed to understand the role of electronic applications in managing the time of doctors and patients, as well as to identify the advantages of using electronic applications and their role in time management. It also identified the obstacles that limit the use of electronic applications. Modern applications for managing doctors' appointments contribute to improving the patient experience by enabling them to book appointments easily without the need to contact the clinic. This enables users to browse available doctors' appointments, enabling them to choose the appropriate doctor based on specialties and evaluations. The study used a set of statistical methods to achieve its objectives and test its hypotheses. Using the SSPS program, the study found a significant correlation between electronic applications and the time management of doctors and patients. The study recommended keeping pace with modern technologies in software that achieve the goals of users in healthcare institutions.

This research aims to study the impact of cyberattacks on the energy sector in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. It analyzes the relationship between the level of digitalization and the frequency of attacks, assesses their economic and security implications, and examines the GCC countries' responses to these threats.
The research employs a descriptive-analytical approach to study the characteristics and patterns of the attacks, and a quantitative statistical approach to analyze digital data related to the evolution and costs of the attacks. It also examines prominent case studies such as the Shamoon and Triton attacks, and uses a comparative approach to assess the differences in digitalization levels and defensive responses among the GCC countries. Documentary analysis was also utilized to review international and regional reports and studies
The results show a continuous increase in cyberattacks during the period 2020–2025, with the average number of weekly attacks rising from 4.2 to 15.7. The sector incurs financial losses estimated at approximately $450 million annually, including production downtime, response and recovery costs, and data loss. The research also highlights the risks arising from the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), which increase the attack surface and complicate operational continuity. Based on the findings, the research recommended strengthening advanced technological solutions such as the zero-trust model and enhancing cyber resilience, developing national and regional legislative frameworks and building human capacity, and strengthening joint Gulf cooperation to counter cross-border attacks, in order to ensure the protection of critical infrastructure and the sustainability of energy and economic security.

This study examines the Qur’an’s objectives in addressing family and social issues through an analytical reading of Qur’anic and Prophetic texts within the framework of major Sharia objectives. It focuses on preserving life, lineage, and family stability as foundational elements of social structure. The research highlights how these objectives regulate family relations, address negative social phenomena, and promote compassion and solidarity. It ultimately demonstrates the reformative role of Qur’anic objectives in tackling contemporary familial and societal challenges.

The study of stones among the pre-Islamic Arabs reveals their deep cultural, social, and religious significance. Stones were not merely valued for their material worth but were also embedded in symbolic frameworks that shaped everyday life. Pre-Islamic Arabs used stones for ornaments and jewelry, while amulets made of stones were believed to protect against evil spirits and the evil eye. Moreover, various stones were employed in traditional medicine, such as antimony (ithmid) for eye diseases, lapis lazuli for strengthening vision, and agate for stopping bleeding. Legends and myths further enriched these beliefs, attributing magical and healing powers to stones. This research aims to explore the uses of stones among pre-Islamic Arabs and to analyze their religious, medical, and social dimensions, based on both classical sources and modern scholarship.

Praise be to God, and blessings and peace be upon the Messenger of God, his family, his companions, and all who follow them.
Critical remarks and scholarly objections constitute an established methodological practice among early and later Muslim scholars, including specialists in hadith. This method based on tracing, examining, and reviewing reports, statements, and rulings issued by scholars of all ranks functions as a form of academic verification aimed at distinguishing what is sound from what is flawed. In hadith studies, such critiques carry particular significance, as the Prophetic tradition is the second foundational source of Islamic legislation after the Quran, and its authenticity depends on rigorous scrutiny of all its pathways and tools.
Hadith critiques are not uniform; rather, they appear in multiple forms that vary in content, purpose, methodology, precision, and scholarly acceptance. Their levels range from strong and influential critiques that affect the final ruling to weak and dismissed ones that cannot serve as valid evidence. Some proponents of misguided sects have misused certain critiques to cast doubt upon Islam and its tradition.
Therefore, highlighting the types and ranks of critiques provides students of knowledge and others with a sound and balanced understanding, reinforcing the necessity of disciplined scholarly inquiry, even when evaluating statements attributed to eminent scholars a principle upheld by scholars throughout the history of the Muslim community.

Non-contractual obligations, particularly tort liability, may give rise to a conflict-of-laws issue when the parties are of different nationalities, in terms of determining the law applicable to the dispute. Some legal systems have adopted an automatic approach by designating the applicable law in advance, typically by applying the local law governing the matter. Other legal systems, however, have introduced greater flexibility in determining the applicable law, including within certain limits allowing the parties to choose the law that will govern the obligation.

Here is a very precise American-English translation of the abstract, faithful to its academic tone and within the intended length:
This study examines deviation in Qur’anic expression as a deliberate linguistic shift rather than a departure from grammatical norms, governed by a causative contextual cue related to context and communicative situation. It demonstrates that grammar, morphology, and rhetoric in the Qur’an function as integrated semantic tools that precisely guide meaning. The study highlights the role of contextual, situational, and rational cues in interpreting such deviation and uncovering its intended significance. Through applied analysis of selected Qur’anic examples, it shows how deviation enhances meaning and strengthens discourse. The study concludes that deviation in Qur’anic expression constitutes a key aspect of linguistic inimitability, grounded in deep semantic awareness and structural coherence.

The study of the lives of the Mothers of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with them) has a significant impact on understanding many aspects of Islamic jurisprudence. This is due to their close relationship with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Among these noble women is Safiyyah bint Huyayy (may Allah be pleased with her), whose emancipation the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) made her bridal dowry (ṣadaq). Scholars have differed on whether such an act is permissible for anyone other than the Prophet (peace be upon him). The jurists disputed whether a man may free his slave woman and make her emancipation her dowry upon marrying her. Some held it impermissible, while others deemed it permissible. This study also explores other jurisprudential rulings derived from the narrations of the Mother of the Believers, Safiyyah bint Huyayy (may Allah be pleased with her).