Journal of the College of Islamic Sciences

This research presents an analytical study in Islamic Legal Theory (Usul al-Fiqh), focusing on a specific issue within the pillars of Analogy (Qiyas): the validity of Consensus (Ijma) serving as the "Original Case" (Asl) upon which other rulings are based.
The study aims to define key terminologies—Consensus, Condition, and Original Case—and to investigate the scholarly disagreement regarding the conditions of the Asl. Specifically, it addresses the question: Can a ruling established solely by Consensus be used as a basis for Analogy?
The research explores various juristic views. The majority of scholars (Jumhur) validate Qiyas based on Ijma, arguing that Consensus is an independent and definitive proof. Conversely, other views restrict this, requiring knowledge of the textual evidence underlying the Consensus.
The study concludes by supporting the majority view, affirming that Consensus constitutes a valid and independent legal authority (ranking third after the Quran and Sunnah). Therefore, it is valid to use Ijma as an Asl for Qiyas without the strict necessity of identifying its textual basis, thereby enhancing the capacity of Islamic jurisprudence to address contemporary issues through Analogy.

The noble companion Salamah ibn al-Akwa' (may God be pleased with him), by virtue of his companionship with the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him), has many narrations that vary across different areas of Islamic jurisprudence. This research examines some of these narrations and aims to derive legal rulings that affect the life of a Muslim, particularly those related to acts of worship such as wiping the head, ablution, and preparing for prayer by placing a sutrah (prayer screen) in front of the worshipper. It also addresses the ruling on the taslim (saying "As-salamu alaykum") after the prayer, clarifying the Sunnah (practice) of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and following his example in ablution and prayer, as well as what has been narrated from him (peace and blessings be upon him) in word and deed. Furthermore, this research examines the opinions of jurists on the aforementioned issues, the differences of opinion among them, the specific evidence of each group, and finally, the most sound of these opinions.

This research presents an analytical scholarly study of the personality of Imam Ismail bin Muhammad bin Mustafa al-Qunawi al-Hanafi (d. 1195 AH), one of the most prominent scholars of the Ottoman Empire in the 12th century AH, along with his scientific standing and intellectual contributions. The research is divided into two main sections. The first is dedicated to studying his name, lineage, titles, upbringing, scholarly journey, and death, while verifying points of disagreement or error found in some sources, particularly concerning the date of his death and his titles. The second section addresses his teachers, students, and scholarly works, highlighting the diversity of his teachers in both rational and transmitted sciences, and the abundance of his students who assumed high-ranking scholarly and administrative positions in the Ottoman Empire.
The research also sheds light on the prolific scholarly output of Imam al-Qunawi, which amounted to twenty-two works in the fields of Quranic exegesis, theology, principles of jurisprudence, logic, hadith, and linguistics, with particular attention to his marginal commentary (Hashiyah) on al-Baydawi's exegesis, which is considered one of his most prominent, widely circulated, and influential commentaries. The research concludes that Imam Ismail al-Qunawi represents a model of the encyclopedic scholar in the Ottoman era, who combined profound expertise in both rational and transmitted sciences, a lofty scholarly status, and a profound influence on the scientific movement in Istanbul and the Levant

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The research begins by defining inimitability (I’jaz) linguistically and idiomatically, as a concept linked to the inability and incapacity to oppose the Prophet in what he brings. The importance of the topic lies in revealing the divine wisdom behind the multiplicity of miraculous discourse styles in a way that suits the era of each Prophet and the nature of his people. The research studies the problem of the fundamental shift in the pattern of the miracle between the two messages, attempting to answer questions about the reasons for this shift and its implications. The research relies on the comparative analytical method, benefiting from and building upon previous studies to highlight the distinction of this study in its focus on comparing the two patterns and analyzing the reasons for the transition between them.
In the first section, we studied physical inimitability and stated that it is the tangible material miracle that broke the laws of nature, and it was the most appropriate for the people of Moses, who were characterized by material understanding and physical strength. It concludes that the theological and social impact of these miracles was staggering and persuasive in its temporal context.
As for the second section, it moves to study the abstract inimitability that is directed to the mind and the spirit, which is the pattern that suited the maturity of the human mind and the fact that the message of Islam is the seal of messages. Then we studied the factors underlying this shift. Among the divine factors: God's wisdom in addressing every people in a way that suits their condition and degree of awareness. Among the human factors: the development of the human mind and its readiness to receive a rational discourse based on reflection and contemplation.
The research concludes that the shift from physical to abstract inimitability is not a deficiency or inadequacy, but rather a wise development in the discourse of revelation that suits the development of the human mind and the nature of the final message. Physical inimitability was a transitional necessity, while the abstract inimitability in the Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet (PBUH) came to be an eternal rational and spiritual proof, challenging humans and jinn until the Day of Resurrection.

Abstract
This study examines the phenomenon of extremism in Arab and Islamic societies, tracing its historical roots and causes from the creation of Adam (peace be upon him) to the present era. Drawing on Qur’anic accounts of excess and transgression, the research follows the emergence of extremism after the death of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) with the rise of Islamic sects, and analyzes its contemporary manifestations.
The significance of the study lies in the dangers posed when extremism evolves into a widespread phenomenon. By identifying its causes and negative impacts on society, the research proposes solutions to mitigate extremism and foster balanced, secure communities.

The research includes the meaning of analytical interpretation, the stages of the prohibition of alcohol, an introduction to the commentator and his most important works, and an analytical study of the interpretation of the verse prohibiting alcohol. This study clarifies the linguistic vocabulary, grammatical issues, rhetorical issues, and jurisprudential issues contained within the noble verse. It also includes an analysis of Al-Alusi's words (may God have mercy on him) and an examination of the most important implications he mentioned in his interpretation of the verse. The interpretation of the following verse was adopted because it contained the purpose of prohibiting alcohol when they were asking the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) about its prohibition.

This study provides an analytical and comparative interpretation of Verse (3) from Surah An-Nisa, examining the commentaries of Imam al-Razi and Ibn Ashur while identifying their points of consensus and divergence. The research is organized into a preliminary section—defining ‘Analytical Exegesis’ (Al-Tafsir al-Tahlili) and providing biographical accounts of Al-Razi and Ibn Ashur—and a core chapter dedicated to the analytical interpretation of the verse. This chapter explores various dimensions, including the reasons for revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul), thematic interconnections (Tanasub), Quranic recitations (Qira'at), lexical meanings, and grammatical, rhetorical, jurisprudential, and legal-theoretical (Usul) issues as addressed by the two scholars. The study concludes by highlighting the role of Analytical Exegesis in elucidating the overarching objective and ‘higher purpose’ (Maqsid) of the Surah. By interpreting the text through multiple contexts—where each context addresses a specific Quranic goal linked to the preceding and succeeding verses—this method facilitates the synthesis of partial contexts to ultimately reveal the fundamental essence and holistic aim of the Surah.

This research examines the phenomenon of syntactic parallelism in the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him): "Every joint of man is obligated to give charity," and the syntactic methods that branch out from it, which serve to emphasize the meaning and present it in an effective rhetorical form. The research begins with a definition of syntactic parallelism as one of the manifestations of textual consistency and semantic coherence. It is based on structural repetition with a difference in partial meaning or its multiplicity. The research relied on analyzing the structural components of the hadith, highlighting how the parallelism came between the clauses of condition and consequence, and between the enumeration of the forms of charity such as reconciliation between people, helping the weak, and removing harm, which gave the hadith a linguistic rhythm and a coherent semantic architecture. The research also examined the rhetorical effect of syntactic parallelism in directing educational and moral meanings, as it shows that good deeds have many forms and are available to every person according to his ability. The research concluded that syntactic parallelism in the Prophetic hadith is not merely a stylistic phenomenon; rather, it is an intended means of conveying a comprehensive reformative and educational message. It combines brevity and clarity, achieving the aesthetics of the text and its ability to influence and persuade.

This unprecedented scientific revolution—unlike anything witnessed in previous eras—is manifested in the tremendous developments in computer sciences and the emergence of systems capable of self()learning and performing cognitive operations that require contemplation and investigation. From this perspective, the present study is entitled: Artificial Intelligence in Finance and Medicine and Its Shariah Controls.”
The aim of this research is to examine the jurisprudential rulings related to artificial intelligence, particularly in the financial and medical sectors, which directly affect human life. This is accomplished by clarifying the extent to which modern AI applications align with Islamic legal maxims and the objectives of Sharia.
The study discusses the concept and nature of artificial intelligence, its most prominent contemporary applications, and its legal rulings in light of Islamic jurisprudential principles and the objectives of Sharia. It further highlights its applications in both the financial and medical fields.
The research also emphasizes the necessity of establishing ethical and Sharia()based guidelines for the use of these technologies to ensure their consistency with Sharia objectives—namely promoting benefits, preventing harm, and preserving life, wealth, and intellect.
The study concludes that artificial intelligence can indeed be utilized to serve humanity intellectually, mentally, and physically, provided it remains within noble purposes that uphold the objectives of Islamic law and is regulated by the jurisprudential and ethical constraints that guide its functioning and prevent deviation.

Abdul Majeed Al-Sharnoubi is one of the most prominent commentators who analyzed and explained wisdom. He was distinguished by his profound and thoughtful commentary, which demonstrated a great interest in the educational dimensions inherent in the text. In his treatment, Al-Sharnoubi focused on deriving sublime educational meanings from the wisdom. The book "Al-Hikam Al-Ata'iyya" by Imam Ibn Ata Allah Al-Iskandari (may God have mercy on him) is also considered one of the most prominent educational works, given its profound reformative implications related to refining the soul and correcting moral behavior. Through his concise, profound expressions, the author addressed diseases of the heart and guided souls toward correct spiritual behavior, relying on the Qur'an and the Sunnah. Sheikh Al-Sharnoubi focuses on the importance of the heart, which is the center of actions. If it is sound, all other actions are sound. The research is titled "Sheikh Abdul Majeed Al-Sharnoubi and the Reformation and Purification of the Heart through His Book (Explanation of Al-Hikam Al-Ata'iyya)." The first section deals with Sheikh Al-Sharnoubi and his commentary on wisdom. It contains two sections: In them, I introduced Sheikh Al-Sharnoubi, Ibn Ata Allah Al-Iskandari, and the Book of Wisdom. The second section was titled “Reforming the Heart according to Sheikh Al-Sharnoubi,” and it contained two sections in which I addressed the definition of the heart and reforming the heart according to Al-Sharnoubi in his explanation of Wisdom.

The subject of is one of the majaz topics that have received studies, research and interests by linguists, commentators and scholars, and this study aims to address the metaphor in the Noble Qur’an in terms of proving or denying it, because the old and modern majaz were among the issues raised for conflict between the installers and the Navin, On the other hand, we find most scholars mention the occurrence of majaz in the Noble Qur’an and not negate it. Thus the majaz began to grow and flourish and the minds fought around it in the shadows of belief and monotheism, and its fixers and deniers began to compete over it, and the dispute intensified with the appearance of Ibn Taymiyyah in an explosive way the saying of everyone who said metaphorically, whether he was from the linguists or the commentators or the fundamentalists and the modernists alike, The issue of majaz was and is still one of the thorny and disputed issues, so we decided to address the topic as a metaphor between truth and interpretation, in order to review statements and opinions and discuss them scientifically.

that the Noble Qur’an is a comprehensive book of guidance and reform for both the individual and society, aiming to establish sound belief, build moral values, and rectify human behavior, It clarifies that its verses realize great objectives whose effects extend to people’s lives in this world and the Hereafter. The text also highlights the importance of studying the objectives of the Qur’an as a scholarly approach to understanding its meanings, uncovering its purposes, and linking its texts to the intent of Allah Almighty.
It further explains that maqāṣid-based interpretation is one of the exegetical approaches concerned with examining the objectives and wisdoms of the Qur’an through analyzing the context of verses, the unity of the surah, and the connection between particular texts and overarching principles, This approach demonstrates the unity of Qur’anic discourse and contributes to achieving a holistic understanding of the text, Surah Yunus has been selected as a model for this study due to its inclusion of major theological issues and clear da‘wah and educational objectives, focusing on monotheism, revelation, and human responsibility for choice and conduct.

.This study deals with the research and discussion of human life systems in Islam from the perspective of the Holy Qur'an and the Prophet's hadith. The study seeks to explain the system that there is no doubt that order and organization are among the most prominent features of civilized life. According to the organization, there must be a chain of life, to achieve the highest degree of benefit and benefit to man, and to keep away any waste in his capabilities, potentials and resources, until it reaches the desired degrees of advancement. For this, the common organization of all manifestations of life must be organized; at the level of the individual, family, group, society, and in the various aspects of life activity; economic, social, political, health, cultural, etc., that the Arabs on their island were on a high degree of chaos and disorganization; a disorder in values, lack of political, judicial, and legal institutions, a fierce conflict, and the chaos of the gods they worshiped was blatantly manifested in large numbers of idols and idols, and in the midst of this chaos, God Almighty sent His Noble Prophet Muhammad bin Abdullah (may God bless him and grant him peace); to get out with these people, and others, from darkness to light, and the research concluded with several results that show the extent of the true interest of the Islamic religion in the life system For man in Islam, and how to apply it practically through the practices of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions (may Allah be pleased with them).

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In this research, I addressed the topic of the doctrine of purgatory, where the Christian Catholic sect believes that the souls of sinful believers move after death to a place called: purgatory, In order to be purified from their sins before entering the Kingdom of God, as they claim. This doctrine was defined and approved in several Christian councils, and I spoke about the concept of this doctrine and the Catholic evidence for it from the Christian Holy Book, and the position of other Christian sects towards it, and then explaining the position of Islam regarding this doctrine in light of The Quran and the Purified Sunnah. The research plan included an introduction, two sections, and a conclusion. It is part of my doctoral thesis at the University of Tikrit/College of Education for Humanities/Department of Quran Sciences and Islamic Education .

This research presents a comprehensive study of the concept of Prophethood in Islam and its status in Islamic creed, highlighting the scholarly distinctions between a Prophet and a Messenger as stated in Islamic sources, and discussing various scholarly opinions on the matter. It sheds light on the physical, moral, and divinely granted characteristics of the Prophets, includin infallibility and miracles, and their role in affirming the truth of the message. The research also examines the primary missions of Prophethood, foremost among them calling to the oneness of God, delivering the divine message, and establishing proof against mankind. It emphasizes that belief in the Prophets is one of the pillars of faith in Islam. The study concludes that the examination of Prophethood is not merely theoretical, but rather a call to emulate the lives, morals, and methodology of the Prophets in preaching and reform

This research aims to study the topic of "Revival of Dead and its Relation to Sukuk" from a jurisprudential perspective, to find innovative financing and investment solutions that are in line with the principles of Islamic Sharia and contribute to addressing contemporary economic crises. The research is based on analyzing the relationship between financing and investment Sukuk in the agricultural sector and their role in economic development, with a focus on investing in dead lands to achieve economic and social benefits.
The research relied on the analytical approach, based on Sharia texts. The researcher concluded that Islamic Sukuk represent effective Sharia financial tools that contribute to activating the Islamic financial market within the framework of legitimate benefits.

The current research aims to identify (the effectiveness of the moral analysis approach in acquiring doctrinal concepts among students of the Department of Quranic Sciences and Islamic Education). The research sample consisted of (100) male and female students from the third grade of the academic year (2024-2025). They were divided into two groups: one experimental group, consisting of (50) male and female students who studied according to the moral analysis approach, and the second control group, consisting of (50) male and female students who studied according to the traditional method. The researchers prepared a test for acquiring doctrinal concepts consisting of (27) items. To extract the results, the following statistical methods were used (t-test for two independent samples, item discrimination equation, Cronbach's alpha, effect size eta square). The results showed:
1-There is a statistically significant difference at the significance level (0.05)between the average scores of the students of the experimental group who studied according to the moral analysis approach and the average scores of the students of the control group who studied according to the traditional teaching method. In light of the research results, the researchers reached several conclusions, including that the moral analysis approach plays a significant role in the acquisition of doctrinal concepts by students in the Department of Qur'anic Sciences and Islamic Education in the subject of Doctrine. The researchers made several recommendations, including: the need for Doctrine teachers to diversify their use of modern teaching approaches that rely on learner positivity and interaction in educational situations

This research examines one of the fundamental principles that plays a role in addressing the phenomenon of degrading content in the media: the principle of public interest (maslaha mursala), which is considered one of the most important tools of legal reasoning. The research presents its concept, criteria, and legal validity, highlighting the jurisprudential debate surrounding its status as a fundamental principle of legal reasoning. It also clarifies its relationship to the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid al-shari'ah), particularly the five necessities (al-khums). Furthermore, the research addresses the concept of degrading content, its various forms, and its harmful effects on society. The study demonstrates the possibility of employing this fundamental principle to confront this type of content as a contemporary form of corruption. It affirms the suitability of fundamental principles for addressing modern issues and achieving the public interest through their application.

Covering research: The purposes, objectives and judgment which are derived from the
Story of Eve In the Holy Quran, by tracing back the Noble Verses which covered her story In the Holy Qur'an. The Importance of the research is derived from Its treatment of the first woman in a manner that combines purposes and Quranic narratives. The research addressed the following questions: What were the purposes and objectives of creating Eve? What are the purposes and objectives of mentioning Eve In Paradise?. The researcher proceeded to write the paper according to the objective method, and the nature of the research required that It should deal with the topic of research in an introduction, two demands and the most Important results. The research found that there were Quranic motives for referring to Eve in the Qur'an, and she did not mention it in vain. The researcher recommends that the Qur'anic Intentions be fulfilled and connected with reality to address the re-emerging problems.

This research explores the school of interpretation by opinion (tafsīr bi-al-ra’y) in the Holy Qur’an, focusing on its foundations and scientific principles in comparison with the school of interpretation by transmission (tafsīr bi-al-ma’thūr). The researcher begins by emphasizing the importance of reading and contemplating the Qur’an as the eternal Book of God and the guiding light for humanity—making the study of its interpretive methods one of the noblest pursuits for a Muslim. The study highlights the key principles upon which the school of interpretation by opinion is based, due to its significance and wide acceptance among exegetes, while clarifying scholars’ positions toward it and the boundaries of its validity and acceptance. It discusses the definitions of both schools, presents the main foundations of interpretation by opinion, and concludes with the principal findings, affirming that sound interpretation by opinion rests on the rules of knowledge, language, and Sharia, and does not conflict with the objectives of the Qur’anic text

This research examines the concept of social peace as a foundation for the stability of diverse societies, focusing on Nineveh Governorate as a model rich in ethnic, religious, and cultural diversity. It presents the conceptual framework of peace, society, and diversity, outlining Nineveh's historical and demographic realities and the challenges it has faced as a result of conflicts, migrations, and ethnic concentration. The research also reviews Nineveh's ethnic and religious components and the factors influencing this diversity. It highlights Islamic thought as a civilizational and ethical framework capable of managing pluralism through the principles of justice, equality, and the rejection of fanaticism. The research emphasizes the role of Quranic and Hadith texts in establishing coexistence, tolerance, dialogue, and cooperation. It concludes that activating these values contributes to strengthening social peace and achieving security and stability in Nineveh and diverse societies in general.

Women have a significant status and status in the Islamic intellectual framework that cannot be found similar or equivalent in all laws and laws. Women have been given care and care, rights guaranteed and duties determined since their first inception and ever since the Lord Almighty decreed to create the nation of humanity from two pairs of males and females. So the woman bore the responsibility alongside her male partner, and she was concerned with the words of the Prophet of Mercy and Humanity, our Master Muhammad, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace: Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock, and within the folds of our research we highlight the responsibility and position of women in the family structure, their great role and the wide practical area covered by this mother, sister, wife and daughter, and through the writings and thought of Professor Dr. Al-Bakkar, especially his series on rational education and what it dealt with in correcting the path of the family, building and strengthening it in terms of values and principles, in harmony with the new educational and intellectual issues presented on the scene and keeping pace with the challenges that have imposed themselves on the individual, the family and society

This research deals with the divine actions that come in the form of “we do” in the context of existence and cosmic transformation as a manifestation of the absolute divine power to create beings, transform them, and destroy them, then restore them according to a precise cosmic system. The research on these actions does not express visible events or isolated actions, but rather comprehensive cosmic laws that govern the universe and man together.