Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences

The aim of this study was to find out effect of adding of pomegranate and moringa and their combination in drinking water in the perfor-mance productive relative growth rate, water consumption and evi-dence productive for broiler used in this experiment. 180 broiler chicks asexual at one day old of the breedRoss308 and a starting weight 41grumble/chick, and distributed bird distribution randomly on seven transactions .Each transaction contained30bird with three replications each repeat contained 10 birds. The experimental param-eters include the following: the first transactionT1 control treatment without any addition, second treatment T2 addition of aqueous ex-tract to Pomegranate peels at a concentration of 50 ml / liter of water, the third treatmentT3 Addition of aqueous extract of moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 75 ml / liter of water, Fourth treat-mentT4 add 75% aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder Ml/li-ter with aqueous extract for powder Moringa leaves 25% ml/liter, Fifth treatmentT5 Adding the aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder at a concentration of 50% at a concentration (25 ml/L) with the aqueous extract of dried moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 50% at a concentration/L., Sixth treatmentT6 add 25% aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder With 75% aqueous extract of Moringa leaf powder. I showed results get moral improvement In production performance, relative growth rate, water consumption, and productivity index for all Addition coefficients compared to the control coefficient. Transactions are recordedT2T5The best results in all the studied traits

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three levels of concentrate 2%, 3%, 4% with or without N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on rumen bacteria and fermentation characteristics in Shami goats. Twenty-four male goats aged 8-10 months with initial weight 32,685 ± 1.52kg divided into six treatments in a 2×3 factorial experiment/ Completely Randomized Design. Individual feeding was used for 70 days. Rumen fluid was sampled at 0, 3, 6h after feeding while jugular blood was sampled after 70 days before morning feeding. Results showed decreasing (P<0.01) of rumen pH and increasing volatile fatty acids (P<0.01) after 3h and 6h of feeding for 3% level of concentrate with NCG. Rumen ammonia increased (P<0.01) after 3h of feeding with NCG. Total rumen bacteria increased insignificantly with superiority 3% level of feeding without NCG and 4% concentrate with NCG. A linear decrease (P<0.01) of blood urea with increasing feeding level with NCG and GPT decreased (P<0.05) with 3% concentrate. In conclusion, it is preferred to feed 3% concentrate and use NCG as additive with urea

This study was conducted to find out the effect of chemically treating rice straw with urea and biologically with the fungus Trichoderma harzianum on feeding Iraqi buffalo calves on the weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion. The results showed that there were highly significant differences (P<0.01) between treatments in the amount of total feed intake, as T2 (7.713 kg) and T3 (7.428 g) were compared with T1 (6.461 kg), and in the amount of nutrients intake for roughage, where T3 was significantly superior (P<0.05) on T1 intake from daily roughage 2804.2, 2191.7 gm for T3 and T1, respec-tively, while T2 did not differ significantly from T1 and T3. The re-sults showed significant differences in the intake of nutrients from roughage, where T3 and T2 were significantly (P<0.01) superior to T1 in crude protein, ether extract, ash, and metabolic energy, and the differences were significant (P<0.05) in favor of T2 and T3 in both dry matters. organic matter and nitrogen-free extract. The treatments had a highly significant effect on the intake of total roughage, and significantly (P<0.01) T3 and T1 in dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, nitrogen-free extract, and metabolic energy, while the treat-ments did not significantly effect crude fiber. The results also showed that treatment with urea and fungi led to a highly significant increase (P<0.01) in the weight gain (daily and total) and a high im-provement in the feed conversion ratio for calves. We conclude that the chemical (Urea) and biological (T. harzianum) straw treatment led to an improvement in the nutritional value of the rice straw by raising the nitrogen content in it and improving the feed conversion ratio, knowing that the effect of the biological treatment was signifi-cantly better.

The current research aims at the separation and identification of many fatty acid compounds from the seeds of cuminum cyminum L. that are grown in Iraq using a continuous soxhelt extractor and se-quence solvent systems depending on the polarity, Pet-ether extract (CUI), chloroform extract (CU2), ethyl acetate extract (CU3) and ethanolic extract (CU4). Hot aqueous extracts (CU5) and saponifi-cation processes were also used to liberate the free pool of fatty acid compounds; (Palmatic, stearic, Linoleic, α - Linolenic and Oleic ac-ids) .The increasing of concentration of fatty acids was cleared from CU5→ CU1 as a result of decreasing of the polarity. In addition to that, the extracts (CU3, Cu4 and Cu5) were carried out by the acid hydrolysis to obtain the free phenolic compounds, which were iden-tified by means of using HPLC technique .The phenolic com-pounds, which were presented in the seeds of Cuminum cyminum L. were: (Apigenin, Gallic acid, Syringic acid, Vanillic acid, Rutin, Quercetin, Kaempferol and P-coumaric acid .Apigenin, Gallic acid and Syringic acid were appeared in the extracts (CU3, CU4 and CU5). Moreover, the Vanillic acid compound was presented in CU3 and CU4, Rutin and Quercetin were also presented in CU3 and CU5. Also the Kaempferol, it was presented only in CU4. Finally, P-Cou-maric acid was identified only in CU5.

The current study aimed to separation and identification of many volatile oil compounds in the tubers of Iraqi Cyperus rotundus using clevenger apparatus for light compounds and gas liquid chromatog-raphy (GLC) technique. Many volatile oil compounds were identi-fied as following (Limonene, Cymene, Linalool, ɑ- Pinene, Cineol and Terpinen) and the highest concentration was the cineol (58.2%) and lowest concentration was the cymene (0.55%). Also, multiple phenolic compounds were identified in the various extracts including rutin, myricetin, apigenin and gallic acid in the (Cr3) extract. Furthermore, the Vanillic acid, Ferulic acid, Myrice-tin, Gallic acid) in the (Cr4) extract. Moreover, Quercetin, p-coumaric acid, Kaempferol, Myricetin, Tannic acid and Apigenin in both extract (Cr5) and Zamzam extract (Cr5).

The current research was presented the phytochemical composition of Citrullus colocynthis schrad seed extracts and it was aimed of the separation and identification of fatty acids from this plant by us-ing a continuous soxhlet apparatus and sequence solvent systems depending on the polarity , the extracts hexane (CI1) ,chIoroform (CI2), ethyl acetate (CI3), ethanol (CI4) and hot aqueous (CI5) were obtained from this seeds and saponification process was done to ob-tain the free fatty acid compounds ( palmatic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and elaidic acids ). The increasing of concentrations of fatty acid compounds was appeared from CI5 to CI1 because of decreasing of the polarity. Also, the extracts (CI3, CI4 and CI5) were carried out by the acid hydrolysis process to get the free phenolic compounds, which were identified by HPLC technique. The phenolic com-pounds, which were appeared in C. colocynthis Schrad seed extracts (Rutin , Caffeic acid , Ellagic acid , Gallic acid , Quercetin , Myrice-tin , Luteolin). Rutin and ellagic acid were appeared in the extracts ( CI3,CI4 and CI5) .Also Caffeic acid and Gallic acid was identified in CI3 and CI4 , while Quercetin and Myricetin were showed in CI4 and CI5. Finally Luteolin was only appeared in CI5.

The current study investigated some activities of chemical com-pounds which separated from Cuminum cyminum seeds and tested for their antibacterial activity against three types of bacteria that are pathogenic to humans and plants: Staphlococcus aureus, Escherich-ia.coli, Agrobicterum rhizogenes. The fatty acids were obtained af-ter the soaponification process from the Petroleum ether extracted cumin seeds were separated by Soxhleet and diagnosed using (GC-MS) The volatile oils produced from cumin seeds were also separat-ed using a Clevenger axis steam distillation device. Results, re-vealed that, cumin seeds are rich in with fatty acids, and this was in-dicated by the diagnostic results using GC-MS technology, as eight fatty acids were separated from the petroleum ether extract of cum-in, including Octadecadienoic acid. Hexadecanoic acid, while the results of (GLC) showed the presence of the Cuminaldehyde in the separated oil, and that all of these compounds showed a high inhibi-tory effect against the bacteria used under study using the inhibitory activity test (susceptibility test) by drilling and estimating their in-hibitory concentrations compared to the antibiotics used under study.

The research was carried out in one of the laboratories of the Plant Production Techniques Department at the Agricultural Technical College / Mosul, in plastic trays with dimensions (9 x 15) cm, perfo-rated from the bottom to drain excess water. The research included three factors, the first factor was the aqueous extract of coriander plant at two levels (comparator treatment and coriander extract), the second factor was the duration of soaking at two levels (6 and 12) hours, the third factor was barley varieties with three levels (local black barley, white Rayhan barley, Zanbaqa barley), and the use of a complete randomized design (CRD) according to the factorial ex-periment system and with three replications, at the end of the re-search, the data were recorded, and they were statistically analyzed using the computer according to the SAS program, and the different averages were distinguished by different alphabets, and the results were as follows: coriander extract outperformed the comparison treatment in terms of total wet weight, dry weight, and length of gesture. However, soaking for (12) hours was significantly superior to soaking for (6) hours in total wet and dry weight and seedling length, and that the cultivar Rayhan was significantly superior to the local black and Zanbaqa cultivars in the total wet and dry weight, thickness and number of roots. The interaction between coriander extract and soaking time (12) hours significantly exceeded the total wet and dry weight and seedling length. The interaction between coriander extract and Rayhan cultivar, as well as the interaction between soak-ing time (12) hours and Rayhan cultivar, and triple interaction be-tween coriander extract and soaking duration (12) hours and Rayhan cultivar, achieved significant superiority in all studied traits. GCMS and it was found that there are 8 phenolic compounds and two fatty acids. We conclude through this study that aqueous coriander ex-tract showed the behavior of growth regulators

Tissue samples of placenta and aborted fetus were collected from aborted cow and preserved in 10% formalin buffered saline for rou-tine histopathology stained with H&E and for immunohistochemis-try to detect TNF-a marker. Pathological examination showed ne-crotic foci with abscesses mainly around site of invasive protozoa. Immuno-Molecular examination showed marked deposition of TNF marker in tissue, mainly brain of fetus, which refers to genetic dam-age in gene responsible for controlling TNF values. It is concluded that protozoal infection with Neospora caninum can cause abortion in cattle at advanced stage (8th month ) of gestation with severe his-topathological lesions on placenta as well as the brain of fetus. This case report is an update for the information presented in the Pro-ceedings of the 3rd Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Veteri-nary Medicine / University of Kerbala on 10th April 2017.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding nano-selenium and astaxanthin and their mixture to broiler rations on oxidation and immunity indicators. Unsexed Ross-308 broiler chicks were used. The results of the study showed that there was a signifi-cant (P≤ 0.05) decrease in the concentration of ALT enzyme in the treatments of T2 and T5 compared to the control treatment T1. Also, there was a significant decrease (P≤ 0.05) in the concentration of AST enzyme in the blood serum of the experimental treatments compared to the control treatment T1, and the two treatments T2 and T7 outperformed significantly (P≤ 0.05) in the concentration of glutathione peroxidase enzyme compared to the control treatment T1, and the increase in the concentration of catalase enzyme in the T6 treatment compared to the control treatment T1, while the con-centration of malondehyde decreased in the experimental treat-ments compared to the control. There was a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) for treatment T4 and T7 in the weight bursa of Fabricia com-pared with the control treatment T1, as well as a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in the value of the relative weight and index of bursa of Fabricia for treatments T7, T4, T2 when compared with the control treatment. T1 .There was a significant increase (p≤ 0.05) for treat-ment T3 and T6 in the volumetric criterion of antibodies to Kamboru disease when compared with the control treatment T1, while the volumetric ratio of antibodies to Newcastle disease decreased in all experiment treatments when compared with the control treatment T1.

The experiment was carried out in the nursery of the University of Kufa during 2022-2021 to study the response of the freesia plant to treatment with humic acid in growth and flowering; the corms were planted in pots containing an agricultural medium consisting of river sand and peat-moss at a ratio of 1:3 .The experiment included the effect of the spraying of humic acid in four concentrations (0, 2, 4 and 6 ml. L-1) and with three sprays; the first spray in the stage of true leaves on 12/92021, the second was 14 days after the first spray was carried out on 12/23/2021 and the third spray was on 5/1/2022 sequentially. The experiment was applied using the Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) at the probability level (0.05). The results showed the humic acid at a concentration of 6 ml. L-1 achieved a significant increase in the shoot dry weight, the stem in-florescence length, the flower number per inflorescence, the flow-ering age, the flower diameter, the chlorophyll, carbohydrates, ni-trogen percentage and potassium, either at concentrations of 4 and 6 ml. L-1 achieved a significant increase in inflorescences number, flowering date, beginning date of flowering start, and increased the phosphorous percentage. At the same time, the control treatment (spraying with distilled water) gave the lowest average in all studied traits.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three levels of concentrate 2%, 3%, 4% with or without N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on rumen bacteria and fermentation characteristics in Shami goats. Twenty-four male goats aged 8-10 months with initial weight 32,685 ± 1.52kg divided into six treatments in a 2×3 factorial experiment/ Completely Randomized Design. Individual feeding was used for 70 days. Rumen fluid was sampled at 0, 3, 6h after feeding while jugular blood was sampled after 70 days before morning feeding. Results showed decreasing (P<0.01) of rumen pH and increasing volatile fatty acids (P<0.01) after 3h and 6h of feeding for 3% level of concentrate with NCG. Rumen ammonia increased (P<0.01) after 3h of feeding with NCG. Total rumen bacteria increased insignificantly with superiority 3% level of feeding without NCG and 4% concentrate with NCG. A linear decrease (P<0.01) of blood urea with increasing feeding level with NCG and GPT decreased (P<0.05) with 3% concentrate. In conclusion, it is preferred to feed 3% concentrate and use NCG as additive with urea.

The study aimed to isolate and diagnose pathogens of fig root rot disease in addition to evaluation effect of the biological control agents Trichoderma harzianum and Penicillium cyclpium in control of the pathogens of fig root rot. It was found fungi accompanying the roots of fig plantlets. Fusarium solani was the most frequent pathogenic fungus, followed by Rhizoctonia solani. The results showed a high effectiveness of biological agents in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi, as the percentage of inhibition of the fungus T. harzianum against the fungus F. solani reached 100%. The percentage of inhibition against the pathogenic fungus R.solani was 89.99%. As for the bioagent P. cyclopium, the results displayed its high antagonistic ability against the two pathogenic fungi. As well as, the test results revealed the antagonistic ability of the mi-croorganism EM-1 formula against the pathogenic fungi F.solani and R.solani that cause the root rot disease of fig plantlets

The study was conducted to find out the effect of three different levels of root-knot nematode inoculum on cucumber plants. An increase in infection criteria was observed when levels of contam-ination increased, as the highest number of root-knots, number of females, egg masses, root-knot index and soft root weight on cu-cumber plants when contaminated with 2000 eggs were recorded. / pot, as it reached 26.33 knots. 2 g/root, 23.00 female and juvenile, 2 g/root, 19.00 egg mass, 2 g/root, 3 root knot index and 11.33 g/plant of soft root weight, respectively, while a gradual decrease in growth characteristics was observed. With an increase in the levels of contamination in the lengths of the shoot and root, the vegetative fresh weight and the number of branches of the plant, the lowest values were recorded in the treatment of contamination with 2000 eggs/pot, which reached 25.33 cm, 15.00 cm, 16.33 g, and 5.66 branches/plant for each of them, respectively compared with in the treatment of control