Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

The study aimed to prepare exercises for 200-meter freestyle runners for men, and to identify the kinematic variables for the maximum speed stage, and the achievement of the research sample, and to identify the effect of exercises in developing the kinematic variables and the achievement of running (200) m freestyle for men between the test (pre-post) for the research sample. The hypothesis of the study included that there are significant differences in the test (pre-post) of the kinematic variables and achievement in favor of the post-tests of the experimental group. The researcher used the experimental method in the manner of two equal groups. 8) runners and they were divided into two groups, with (4) runners for the control group and (4) runners for the experimental group, and the process of distributing them was done randomly.
The most important conclusions were that the exercises contributed to the development of kinematic variables and contributed to the development of the maximum speed and achievement stage.
The recommendations were the necessity of working on developing the technical performance stages of the 200-meter freestyle event.
It is necessary to pay attention to the science of motor analysis and discover technical defects in performance.

The research aims at the identify:
1- To identify the effectiveness of the overlapping of some exercise scheduling methods in cognitive achievement, learning and retention of technical performance of free swimming among third-stage students in the School of Physical Education - College of Education - Soran University.
2- Identifying the differences in the post tests between the research groups in the cognitive achievement, learning and retention of the technical performance of free swimming among the students of the third stage in the School of Physical Education - College of Education - Soran University.
The researchers used the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature of the research, and the research community was determined by the intentional method of male students in the third academic year in the School of Physical Education, in the Faculty of Education / Soran University for the academic year (2021-2022), and their number is (39) students distributed into (2) divisions. As for the research sample, it consisted of (21) students representing the people (A, B), and thus the percentage of the sample was (53.84%), and they were chosen randomly according to the academic schedule. Two experimental groups and a control group. The educational curriculum included (24) educational units of two styles, distributed into two groups, at a rate of (4) weeks (3) educational units per week (12) educational units for the first experimental group (distributed sequential method). And (12) educational units for the second experimental group (distributed random method). The implementation of the educational curricula took (4) weeks, during which the educational units were distributed at the rate of (3) educational units per week on days (Sunday, Tuesday, Thursday), and the time for one educational unit reached (90) minutes. The statistical package (spss) was used to process the data statistically, which includes: (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, T-test, percentage, simple correlation coefficient (Pearson)).
In light of the research results, the following conclusions were reached:
1- Harmonious exercises by interfering with the distributed sequential method and the distributed random method achieved effectiveness in learning and retention of technical performance and cognitive achievement of free swimming among third-stage students in physical education school - College of Education - Soran University.
2- The approach used in the college has achieved effectiveness in learning and retaining the technical performance and cognitive achievement of free swimming among third-stage students in the School of Physical Education - College of Education - Soran University.

This study dealt with the social cohesion of the players of specialized schools in football in the southern region, because it is considered one of the processes of psychological preparation for the players and knowing the level of cohesion. From this point of view, the player must have a good amount of positive behaviors, and thus it is reflected within the team to obtain good results, and that is according to what he possesses The player has social relations and a correct social upbringing, and how they are employed within the specialized school. The researchers used the descriptive method in the survey method due to its suitability to the nature of the study, and the research community was represented by football players from specialized schools in the southern region (Dhi Qar - Basra - Maysan - Wasit). The junior category, and the two researchers built a measure of social cohesion, after which the researchers extracted the scientific foundations and applied the appropriate statistical methods. The researchers concluded that the social cohesion scale is able to measure the research sample. The researchers recommended adopting the social cohesion scale to reveal the degree of cohesion and the necessity of the coach’s attention to preparing good social relationships for the player and the work. on developing it.

This research deals with the study of the history of the establishment of the Arab Gulf Football Championship since 1968, as the research contained five chapters, the first of which included (the definition of the research), which included (the introduction and the importance of the research), (the research problem) and (the research objectives), while the second chapter was It contained three topics, the first of which included the Arabian Gulf Cup Football Championship, its origins and objectives, the second topic, the Arab Gulf Championships tournaments from the first session to the last session, and the third topic included the Arab Gulf Championship Cup, respectively, while the third topic included two topics. The first was the football ban on stadiums Iraq and the second topic included the preparations of Iraq and Basra to receive the Gulf 25, and the fourth chapter included two topics, the first talked about the philosophy of the 25 tournament and its social impact on Iraqi and Arab society, and the second talked about the Gulf championship 25 and the Iraqi and Arab audiences, and in the fifth chapter the researcher presented a summary of what he reached from this study.

The research aims to identify the effect of specific exercises on motor compatibility and some basic soccer skills (handling, dribbling, scoring) among young players in Al-Diwaniyah Sports Club for the 2021-2022 sports season. The research community was identified, and they are the young players, Diwaniyah Sports Club, for the 2021-2022 sports season, whose number is (24) players, and they were divided into two groups, a control group (12) players and an experimental group (12) players. It was adopted in the research. The qualitative exercises were applied to the research sample of young players on 10/4/2022 corresponding to Sunday, where the total period of implementation of the exercises was (8 weeks) and the total number of units (24) units at the rate of three units per week, and the researcher reached the most important conclusions The specific exercises have a clear positive effect on the motor compatibility, the skill of rolling, handling and scoring in football. Statistical differences also appeared between the control and experimental groups in the variables of the study and in favor of the experimental group. The most important recommendations were the interest in conducting some similar studies on other age groups. Specific exercises in maintaining the skillful state of young players, and they must be an integral part of the skill preparation programs and added to the training curricula, and that the specific exercises are appropriate and effective in improving the motor coordination of the youth group.

The current research aims to evaluate the physical and motor preparations and the skill level of handball players. To achieve this goal, the researchers used female handball players from the middle and high school teams of the city of Samawah (the center of Al-Muthanna governorate) and the participants in the Al-Muthanna Education Championship. The size of this community is (39) players distributed among the teams of schools participating in the tournament. The researchers also used tests that measure physical and motor abilities, and the skill level, as main tools for data collection, and after a series of field procedures represented in ensuring the validity of the tests, by verifying the conditions of their scientific characteristics (honesty, stability, sensitivity, objectivity), the researchers proceeded to apply physical and motor tests. skills, obtaining its results, extracting the standard scores for it, setting the standard levels, and then building the evaluation model (side map). In light of the results of the research, the researchers reached some conclusions, including that it is possible to rely on the side map (model) orthodontic as an objective scientific method, in evaluating the physical and motor preparations and the skill level of handball players. There is a conformity in the levels achieved with what is supposed to be for the research sample in the variables under study.

The research aims to construct a multidimensional aggressive behavior scale for handball players at Al-Mustansiriya University
Where the researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method due to its suitability to the nature and problem of the research, and the research community included the players of the Al-Mustansiriya University handball teams in Baghdad for the academic year (2021-2022), and their number was (144) players representing (12) colleges, and the (12) goalkeepers were excluded. From the research sample, as their aggressive behavior is less than the others, and it may be limited to verbal aggression. (100) players were chosen randomly to represent the research sample, and (10) players represented the exploratory experiment.

The research aims to reveal the effect of the educational curriculum according to the evening biorhythm pattern in learning some basic skills in volleyball. Differences in the post test between the two research groups in learning the basic skills of volleyball. The researchers hypothesized that there were significant differences between the pre and post tests of the effect of the educational curriculum according to the evening biorhythm pattern in learning some basic skills in volleyball, and in favor of the post test. And the presence of significant differences in the post-test between the two research groups in learning the basic skills of volleyball, in favor of the experimental group. The researchers adopted the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature of the research, and the research sample consisted of (24) novice players for the 2022-2023 season. In the Acad Ain Kaveh Sports Club for volleyball, the sample was divided into two groups of equal number, with (12) players for each group, one of which was control and the other experimental. Physical, motor, and some basic volleyball skills. The researchers relied on the personal interview, the questionnaire, the tests, the standards, and the technical performance evaluation form as tools and means for collecting information to reach the research objectives, and the development of the educational curriculum according to the evening biorhythm pattern that was implemented by the experimental group, and the educational program followed for the trainer that was implemented by the control group. From (24) educational units, with (12) educational units for each group distributed over (6) weeks, with (2) two educational units for each group per week, and the duration of each unit is (90) minutes, and the implementation of the two educational curricula began on the two research groups, starting from Saturday (5/11/2022) and their implementation was completed on Saturday corresponding to (7/12/2022) and for the days (Saturday and Monday) of each week.

The research aims to identify the effect of special strength exercises on some functional variables and the achievement of the high jump among the research sample. The problem of the research was the lack of use of functional tests that depend on studying the changes that occur within the body in terms of functionality, which have a clear effect by identifying the level of development of achievement, since these variables give us a positive indicator of the health of the athlete, which has a direct impact on the level of performance and thus be an indicator. Accurately for the development of students and its access to the higher levels of the students of the third stage of the Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Sulaymaniyah, whose number is (23) students. Female students to conduct the exploratory experiment. The researchers used the experimental approach using the one-group experimental design, and the research community included (21) female students of the third stage, Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Sulaymaniyah, and the researchers surveyed the opinion of experts and specialists in the field of training science And the physiology of training and the arena and field around the functional variables and then the tests (pulse rate - phosphaginous anaerobic capacity - systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure) and the high jump achievement test. The researchers prepared the training curriculum using strength exercises aimed at developing the functional variables. The training curriculum was (16) training units. The number of training units is (2) units per week, and post-tests were conducted for the research variables, and to verify the validity of the hypotheses, the researchers used the spss statistical bag.

The aim of the research is to build a measure of the psychological characteristics of the distinctive psychological characteristics of young soccer players in the Kurdistan Region – Iraq, and the research community is represented by club players. ) clubs, and (18) clubs were selected, with a rate of (90%), and (309) questionnaires were distributed, after which the incomplete and empty forms amounting to (7) were excluded. Through the researchers' exposure to Arab and foreign sources, research, and scientific studies, and within the limits of their knowledge, it was found that there is a scarcity in measuring the psychological characteristics of young soccer players in the Iraqi environment in general and Kurdistan-Iraq in particular, in order to identify the level of distinctive psychological characteristics that would work. To classify and arrange the players according to their psychological abilities and act as an honest basis for predicting success in the future and then the possibility of conducting psychological training programs that contribute to the development of these methods, hence the need to build a measure of the psychological characteristics of youth football players in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq. The researchers used a number of statistical methods to process the obtained results, such as (the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the t-test, and the Pearson correlation coefficient .

The subject of the study focused on the use of a melatonin supplement in conjunction with endurance exercises for soccer players, which lasted for three months, on a sample of young soccer players. Three doses per week of melatonin supplement were used an hour before bedtime for the purpose of improving sleep quality, which is positively reflected in reducing the level of stress. Oxidative stress through indicators of glutathione and interleukin in blood levels, in addition to its positive effect on raising the efficiency of immune cells, and this is what the researchers reached in the conclusions, and they recommended its use as a nutritional supplement for athletes.

The study aims to build and apply a measure of lesson time investment for physical education teachers, and to identify the investment of physical education lesson time in preparatory schools in the center of Erbil Governorate. And the specialized physical education supervisors, who numbered (15) supervisors, bringing the total number of the research community to (165) specialized managers and supervisors for the academic year (2021-2022), and it was divided into three samples that included the survey study on (15) specialized managers and supervisors, representing a ratio of (9). 09% of the total study population. The construction sample included (100) specialized managers and supervisors who were chosen randomly, representing (60.60%) of the total study population, while the application sample included (50) specialized managers and supervisors representing (30 30% of the total research community, and the researchers concluded that the scale proved its validity for measurement, and the scores of the lesson time investment scale for physical education teachers in Erbil Governorate were significant.

The research aims to build a measure of strategic planning for basketball clubs in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq from the point of view of its administrative and technical cadres. As well as knowing the level of strategic planning for basketball clubs in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq from the point of view of its administrative and technical cadres.
The researchers adopted the descriptive survey method for its suitability to achieve the research objectives. The research sample consisted of (150) administrators and technicians at basketball clubs in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq, representing (18) clubs. The researchers divided the research sample into two parts, one for construction and the other for application, where the construction sample consisted of (88) individuals, with a percentage of (58.66%) of the total research community at (10) clubs, while the application sample consisted of (62) individuals from The total research community, with a percentage of (41.34%) of the total community, by (8) clubs, and the data were processed statistically through the (spss) program.

The educational process has developed widely in our modern era based on the use of different models in the development of thinking skills as it is the most important means in promoting information and fixing it for learners and directing them to the scientific method in storing and processing information, and this matter is not limited to theoretical material only, but goes beyond it to practical material such as skills Tennis, and this is not necessarily due to the lack of effort and inclination to learn it, but may be due to the method used in learning. Hence, the importance of the current research and the need for it emerged in the desire of the researchers to experiment and influence the Yakar model in teaching the skills of the front and back ground strikes in tennis. As for the problem, despite the multiplicity of teaching models, and through reading and follow-up of the researchers, it was found that most of the modern models and their application are not used in the field of sports, and that the results of the students' skill performance in the tennis game do not correspond to the requirements of the mental abilities and cognitive growth of the student. The researchers also used the experimental approach by designing equal groups. As for the research sample, it is "part of the original research community. The research community was determined by the students of the third stage of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Dhi Qar University, whose number is (51) students divided into division (C) and division (D), and their number is (20) students for each division The researchers excluded a number of the sample, including the sample of the exploratory experiment, which numbered (7) students, as well as the students who failed, amounting to (4) students. Tennis for students.

The football game was and still is the first popular game in the world, and the modern requirements in this game have created a great need for a high physical number of players, especially since the changes in modern football achievement are linked to the acceleration of defensive and offensive activities with a high level of strength, as well as a high level of performance The skill and physicality of the players. Therefore, sports physiology is an important science because it studies the functional changes that occur in the body, as a result of practicing different types of sports activities and events. It defines the athlete with the body’s functional ability, which determines the possibility of practicing the appropriate type of sports activity, so that he can develop his ability and level of achievement according to the basics. And physiological principles, and in order to determine the training status of the players, all physical, skill and physiological aspects must be studied, and among the most important physiological variables that the researchers addressed are (blood pressure, heart rate, physical efficiency measurement) as they are among the most important physiological indicators that reflect the functional state of the two devices Periodic and respiratory, and maintaining the athletic level for the maximum possible period, which is one of the important indicators that reflect the ability of the athlete to perform and master various physical abilities, especially the strength distinguished by speed.
The research problem lies in the fact that most of the young players have a weakness in the strength distinguished by speed, which affects a clear effect on building the player's personality and leads to an imbalance in his performance and physical skills in the right
way, which affects the functional capabilities of the body, and that the lack of interest in this aspect led the researchers to enter into this problem.
The researchers aim to find out the impact of the training curriculum in developing the strength, speed, and heart rate of soccer players.
(youth category) under (19) years old. It is assumed that there are statistically significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests and for the two experimental and control groups in the development of the distinctive strength of speed and the functional variable for young soccer players between the experimental and control research groups and
in favor of the experimental group.

The study is summarized in the preparation of exercises for various areas to develop the special endurance and the combined skill performance of the young soccer players, because of the positive impact of these exercises in developing the level of performance of the players and improving their skills, as the exercises were applied to the sample of (24) players over the course of (8) ) weeks and at the rate of (3) units per week using the experimental approach with two equal groups, the control and experimental, where the results showed a remarkable development in all variables of the study, which is due to the type and quality of the applied exercises that led to the emergence of this development, and through what was mentioned, it is recommended to use compound exercises that depend Comprehensiveness and accuracy in preparing the players and linking the composite skill performance.

Acquiring the initial learning of harmonic movements and technical skills until mastering those movements and skills in a way that affects the level of performance to improve and develop their harmonic and skill abilities, especially at this age stage, requires choosing the appropriate and effective exercises and methods for using these exercises. The researchers focused on This is the age group that needs compatibility, dealing with the ball, and feeling it more than in other aspects. Therefore, coaches must deal with these groups in a way that is appropriate to their level of thinking and work to improve aspects, including compatibility and technique, among these players. This is what the researchers called for. To use complex exercises (combination-skill) in a distributed manner in developing some combinatorial abilities and some technical skills in football for the specialized school in the city of Habbaniyah. The aim of the research is to know the effect of special compound exercises (combination-skill) on some combinatorial abilities and basic skills in the game of soccer. Using the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the research with an experimental design for two equal groups with pre- and post-tests. While the research community was represented by the players of the Specialized School in the city of Habbaniya, aged (14-16) years, who numbered 34 players, while the research sample was selected from the research community after excluding injured players who were not committed to the training units. The number of the research sample reached (26) players who were divided into two groups, each A group of 13 players (control and experimental) and after obtaining the results were treated statistically.

As a result of the progress made in the various sports sciences, including movement science, and in order to advance the special reality, which led the researchers to find a solution to the problem, which includes a weakness in developing the technical performance of the skill of preparing students for volleyball through qualitative exercises using the hierarchical learning method. The research also aimed to identify the effect of special exercises. Using the hierarchical learning method in developing the skill of preparing volleyball for the students of the fourth stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Kufa, as the research community was determined by the students of the fourth stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Kufa, whose number was (66) students. As for the research sample, it amounted to (40) students. They were divided into two groups, control and experimental, by (20) students for each group, in a simple random way, and thus the proportion of the sample is (60,606%), and experimental exercises were used to suit the nature of the problem, then homogeneity, equivalence, and pre-tests were conducted, and then the program was applied to the experimental sample, which includes a group Of the exercises using the hierarchical learning method in the main section of the educational unit only, as the total developmental units reached 12 developmental units for a period of (6) weeks, at the rate of two units per week, while the control group continued to implement its own exercises and after obtaining the data and processing them statistically.

The research problem resulted in the following question (what is the role of knowledge management in developing the effectiveness of physical education teachers). The research aimed to identify the degree of knowledge management among physical education teachers. Its fields were the human domain represented by physical education teachers in schools in Dhi Qar Governorate and the spatial domain in the hall of Al-Muthanna Secondary School for Boys. The temporal scope: from the period (1/12/2021 AD) to (1/3/2022 AD). As for the research methodology, the descriptive method was chosen using the survey method. The sample of the study is the same study population, which numbered 150 teachers and schools. The researcher reached important results that emerged through applying the research tool (the questionnaire) to the research sample. As for the objectives of the study, it was necessary for physical education and sports science teachers to possess the scientific knowledge that qualifies them to perform their duties. Striving to prepare teaching staff specialized in sports sciences who adopt knowledge management and export it to students of all academic levels in all schools. The research concluded with the need to improve the performance of teachers by holding courses and using sources and literature in their school libraries to learn about the most important updates and developments in their field of specialization and to get them out of the prevailing routine of relying on memory to improve the quality of teaching to develop their intellectual and mental abilities.

The research study aims to identify the nature of the school climate and its relationship to the psychological stability and job satisfaction of physical education teachers in Dhi Qar Governorate and to know the role of this climate in their psychological stability and job satisfaction and to identify the most important obstacles that prevent the availability of an appropriate and effective school climate in an effort to develop and improve this climate and then Upgrading the level of their professional performance with the aim of achieving the educational and educational process with high efficiency and effectiveness. The research problem focused on the importance of educational work and what this role requires of distinguished professional performance that can only be gained by providing the appropriate school climate that was not properly available in our schools. Accordingly, achieving a high degree of effectiveness and quality and raising the level of professional performance of physical education teachers depends to a large extent on providing an appropriate school climate in which the degree of familiarity and cooperation between teachers is high. The research community represented the sports teachers in the governorate, who numbered (376) teachers distributed in (7) departments. As a result, the researchers had to randomly select a sample of (210) teachers, which constituted a percentage of 53,191%. Where the construction sample consisted of (120) teachers, which constituted 31.91% of the research community, and the application sample consisted of (80) teachers, which constituted 21.10%. Teachers from the research community and the sample of the exploratory experiment, which consisted of (10) teachers, which constituted 2.65% of the research community. The researchers reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was that the school climate differs from one school to another, because each school has its own climate, which makes it an institution with its unique character from others. Likewise, the positive school climate has a clear impact on the psychological stability and job satisfaction of physical education teachers, their behavior, values and attitudes, and is considered one of the main factors for the success of their work inside and outside their schools.

The research aims to identify the reality of the sports industry and its role in providing financial liquidity for the Iraqi Premier League handball clubs from the point of view of its members. And the spatial headquarters of the sports clubs of the handball league. The research community was determined by the researcher from among the members of the administrative body of the handball league for the season, as their number reached (69) and a percentage of (100%). Participation in the league for the season (2021-2022), and the most prominent results were that there was a lack of financial liquidity for the teams participating in the Iraqi Handball League by not paying attention to the correct investment and by selling its shares to its pioneers and fans in order to increase its financial liquidity. There is no significant economic role for the sports industry in order to improve it in a large positive way. There is no role for the sports industry in providing large financial liquidity to the club through the inability to cover the expenses of the players and their needs. The weakness of the sports industry to provide the opportunity to invest in Iraqi handball sports clubs.

The research aims to identify the transfer of the impact of learning the reception skill to the defense of the court according to the fourth design of (Ellis) in volleyball, and to reveal the best transmission of the impact of learning. The research problem lies in finding ways to achieve the best learning and to save time and effort, as (30 ) a randomly selected third-year student from the Department of Physical Education at the College of Basic Education at Karmian University, and their average age was (20-22) years, regular and regular students for the academic year (2022-2023), and they were tested in the skills of receiving and defending the court with volleyball, as The sample was divided into two groups, the first was experimental learning the skill of defending the field ten days after the skill of reception, and the second was a control group learning the skill of defending the field immediately after the skill of receiving without a time interval.
The results of the research showed significant differences between the pre and post tests and in favor of the post tests in learning the two skills and for the two groups, and that the preference was given to the control group.

The research aims to identify the difference between the two methods of brainstorming and the lecture in the cognitive achievement of the subject of teaching methods and the development of scientific thinking.
The researcher used the experimental method, and the research sample consisted of students of the second stage - physical education school - Soran University, who were chosen by the simple random method, and they were divided into two groups of 20 students for each group, one of which was experimental, which was taught according to the method of brainstorming, and the other was a control study, which was studied according to the method of the lecture. The research tools were determined by the achievement test in the subject of teaching methods and the scientific thinking test, and the validity and reliability of the two tools were confirmed. The researcher took into account the provision of internal and external safety for the experiment, and the researcher prepared an educational program consisting of 24 educational units distributed to 12 educational units for each group. The program was applied in two ways: brainstorming for the experimental group and lecture for the control group. At the rate of two educational units per week. After completing the implementation of the program, the two tests of achievement and scientific thinking were conducted, and after obtaining and processing the data by statistical means represented by the (t) test of independent samples of equal number, the results were obtained.

The research aims to identify the level of organizational conflict styles and job satisfaction among principals of some preparatory schools in the center of Erbil Governorate. As well as the detection of differences in the methods of organizational conflict and job satisfaction by the principals of some preparatory schools in the center of Erbil Governorate, according to the variables (gender, experience). And to determine the relationship between organizational conflict styles and job satisfaction among the principals of some preparatory schools in the center of Erbil Governorate. And that the research community is represented by a deliberate sample of some preparatory school principals in the center of Erbil Governorate for the academic year (2018-2019), whose number is (60) principals in (60) schools. For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the two tools of organizational conflict and job satisfaction were used for the purpose of measuring or identifying the level of organizational conflict styles and job satisfaction among some preparatory school principals in the center of Erbil Governorate, and two measures (methods of organizational conflict) and (job satisfaction) were used. They were presented to a group of experts and specialists in the field of sports management, sports psychology, measurement and evaluation, and after conducting validity and reliability on the two tools, the test was applied to the study sample, and after data collection and unloading, it was processed statistically by appropriate statistical means, which are the arithmetic mean, standard deviation and ratio percentage and correlation coefficient.

THE RESEARCH AIMS TO IDENTIFY THE EFFECT OF ANAEROBIC EXERCISES IN A REPETITIVE MANNER ON THE VALUES OF SOME BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES OF THE 100-METER SPRINTERS OF THE CLUBS OF THE SULAYMANIYAH GOVERNORATE CENTER. AS WELL AS IDENTIFYING THE DIFFERENCES IN SOME PHYSICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES IN THE PRE AND POST TESTS OF THE 100-METER SPRINTERS OF THE CLUBS OF THE SULAYMANIYAH GOVERNORATE CENTER. THE RESEARCHERS USED THE EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH (IN ONE GROUP DESIGN) WITH A PRE- AND POST-TEST. THE RESEARCH SAMPLE WAS CHOSEN BY THE INTENTIONAL METHOD OF 100-METER RUNNERS IN THE CLUBS OF SULAYMANIYAH GOVERNORATE, AT AGES (15-17) YEARS FOR THE SPORTS SEASON (2021-2022), WHOSE NUMBER IS (5) RUNNERS. THE VOCABULARY OF THE TRAINING CURRICULUM WAS APPLIED ACCORDING TO ANAEROBIC EXERCISES IN A REPETITIVE MANNER, AND AT THE RATE OF THREE DAYS A WEEK (SATURDAY, SUNDAY, WEDNESDAY), FOR A PERIOD OF (8) WEEKS IN THE PERIOD OF SPECIAL PREPARATION, SO THAT THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TRAINING UNITS (24) UNITS, AND AFTER CONDUCTING THE POST-TESTS, THE RESEARCHERS CONCLUDED TO THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSIONS: THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT THERE WERE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE PRE AND POST TESTS AND IN FAVOR OF THE POST TEST FOR THE RESEARCH SAMPLE IN THE 100M SPRINT. THE LATEST ANAEROBIC EXERCISES CARRIED OUT BY THE FEMALE PLAYERS INCREASED POSITIVELY IN THE BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES REPRESENTED IN (CPK AND LDH ENZYME), IT WAS PROVED THAT THE TRAINING CURRICULUM HAD A CLEAR EFFECT. IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEVEL OF THE RESEARCH SAMPLE, AND THIS WAS SHOWN BY THE RESULTS OF THE DIMENSIONAL TESTS FOR THE 100M ACHIEVEMENT, AND IN THE LIGHT OF THE RESULTS, THE RESEARCHERS MADE A SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS, INCLUDING: THE NEED TO PAY ATTENTION TO ANAEROBIC EXERCISES TO INCREASE THE LEVEL OF BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES REPRESENTED IN (CPK ENZYME, LACTIC DEHYDROGENASE ENZYME LDH), THE NEED TO PAY ATTENTION TO MEASURING BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES WHEN USING ANAEROBIC EXERCISES, ESPECIALLY ENZYMES.

The importance of research lies in recognizing the organizational change in the faculties of education and sports sciences and the need for this pattern and seeking to achieve compatibility between the leadership of the college and the elements of government administration.
The researcher used the descriptive approach in the style of the relational relations and the relational relations of the administrative relations in the faculties of education and sports sciences in Iraq, which numbered (106) people appointed by deans, assistants and heads of branches, as they were divided into three samples in a random way. (exploratory experiment sample, construction sample, and application sample). By preparing the organizational change, and identifying all sections of the organizational change scale by (38) A statement of the measure of organizational change, using all the scientific procedures to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the research scale and produce it in their final form, as the results of the research showed the presence of statistical significance in favor of the research sample in the sample's answers to the scale.

The importance of the current research was crystallized by the researcher in studying and identifying the most important educational difficulties faced by teachers in the field of physical education in teaching sports skills for different sports in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kirkuk, and the teachers of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in the College of Al-Qalam Al-Ahlia University.
The current research problem emerged in the absence of a scale to identify the most important educational difficulties as well as to identify the most important and most influential in the process of teaching basic skills for different games from the point of view of the teachers of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kirkuk, and the teachers of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in the Al-Qalam College of the Private University The aim of the research was:
- Identifying the most important obstacles facing the teaching staff of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kirkuk, and the teaching staff of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in the College of Al-Qalam Private University in achieving the goals of the educational process. The researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method due to its suitability and the nature of the current research.
The research community is represented by the teachers of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kirkuk, and the teachers of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the Al-Qalam Private University College, for the academic year 2022/2023, and their number is (38) teachers, with (22) teachers in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences and (16 ) as a teacher in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Al-Qalam College. The researchers concluded the following:
1- Many educational goals to be achieved.
2- The incompatibility of the educational objective with the abilities and capabilities of the students.
3- The teacher is familiar with the modern methods and methods of teaching to clarify the educational objective.
4- The teacher uses the appropriate method or method to achieve the educational goals.

The research aims to identify the effect of audiovisual feedback using the mobile phone in learning some free skills in rhythmic gymnastics, and also to identify the differences between the two research groups in the post-tests to identify the best educational method in learning some free skills in rhythmic gymnastics, and the researchers used the experimental approach For its suitability with the nature of the research problem, the research community was chosen by the intentional method of second-year female students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Department of Basic Physical Education / University of Sulaymaniyah, for the academic year 2021-2022, and the research sample consists of (16) students; They were divided into two equal experimental and control groups. The educational curriculum consisted of (12) units for each group, with two educational units per week. The researchers concluded that the use of audio-visual feedback using the mobile phone had a positive effect on learning some free skills in rhythmic gymnastics, and that accompanying the mobile phone to audio-visual feedback led to an acceleration of the learning process for some free skills in rhythmic gymnastics, and the experimental group (feeding) excelled. Audio-visual feedback using a mobile phone) on the control group in learning free skills in rhythmic gymnastics (step, treadmill).

The research aims to identify the organizational performance of some sports clubs in Nineveh Governorate and to identify the arrangement of some sports clubs in Nineveh Governorate in the light of their organizational performance. Al-Fatwa Club, Mosul Club, Al-Amwaj Club). The research tool, which included a questionnaire form (organizational performance), was prepared and formulated and applied the scientific procedures of validity and reliability, and it was applied in its final form to the research sample, and after collecting the answers, statistical methods were used, and the results were presented and discussed and analyzed.
The researcher concluded that the organizational performance of the heads of some sports clubs in Nineveh Governorate was very close to the arrangement of some sports clubs in their organizational performance in Nineveh Governorate. The researcher also recommended paying attention to the opinions of the administrative bodies, coaches and players in the evaluation process and adopting them, and working to find a continuous balance in the administrative elements of the sports clubs in Nineveh Governorate on the good level of organizational performance.

Cognitive stimulants are among the things that play an important role in the success of the process. educational and achieved through interaction. between the teacher and the student and the method of learning, and the delivery of information from the teacher to the student on which the education process depends, as the more appropriate this stimulus is, the more economical the teaching and learning process will be in time and effort. It contributes to stimulating learners\' awareness, which negatively affects their mathematical achievement during the educational units, which is reflected in the learners\' performance and thus negatively affects the success of the learning level, which we are seeing today below the level of ambition. For students in handball, through which teachers are provided with a variety of movement programs, and they can use them to develop the level of their students and achieve sporting achievements