Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

For the purpose of achieving the goal of the research to build a test battery for the physical, physical and skill variables to select the junior volleyball players for the Diyala Governorate clubs, the researcher used the descriptive survey method on a sample of (60) emerging players representing the Diyala volleyball clubs, and after defining the research variables and their measurements and tests, and implementing the main experiment and processing the data statistically, the researcher reached the most important conclusions: building a test battery for the physical, physical and skill variables to select the emerging volleyball players because The Diyala governorate tournament consisted of (weight, total length, arm length, shoulder width, shoulder width, explosive power of the arms, distinctive strength of the arms, legs and torso, transmission skills, smash hit and blocking wall). The researcher recommends the need to use the battery extracted from the factor analysis in the selection of juniors in volleyball. And conducting other research dealing with motor, mental, psychological and skill variables on other categories of volleyball.

The importance of the research came to emphasize the development of strength, speed, and the fixed and variable kinematic variables of the long jump players, which is the decisive factor in achieving the appropriate horizontal distance, as well as the good link between approaching and ascending without a noticeable decrease in speed, while adhering to the technical, mechanical and performance limits that are supposed to be emphasized when using training methods that force the athlete to break the usual pattern when applying the maximum speed movements, explosive and rapid power, and its impact on the kinematic variables and the achievement of the long jump for young people, and the research aims to prepare exercises The strength and speed of the research sample individuals, as well as identifying the effect of strength and speed training on the development of fixed and variable kinematic methods, technical performance, and the achievement of the long jump for young people. The researchers used the experimental approach to suit the nature of the problem by designing one experimental group.

The study aimed to identify the effect of positive recovery with cold water on nitric oxide concentrations and energy for futsal players. The studied variables were (RQ, HR, Rf, VE, VT, VO2 / Kg, VCO2, vO2HR, VE / VO2, VE / VCO2, MET and VO2MAX). As for the community and the research sample, the researchers identified the research community and they are the first-class futsal players in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, and they are Al-Sunniyya Club and Al-Ettifaq Club. A different society in terms of the effort exerted. The main experiment was conducted in four phases, where after performing the pulmonary ventilation threshold effort, the first phase is blood draw, then the second phase is recovery with cold water, and then the fifth phase is entering the recovery apparatus without water for a period of (12) weeks. Energy quickly and the amount of energy expended through the speed it provides in delivering food to the muscles because of its role in shrinking blood vessels to get rid of energy waste for the purpose of regulation and return to normal.

The importance of the research lies in obtaining a standardized decision-making measure to know the levels of decision-making enjoyed by the sample, which may contribute to making appropriate and correct decisions during training and competition and putting the results of the study in front of researchers and coaches in order to benefit from these results and apply them to sports teams in the field. It is based on a positive understanding of the different situations, and the importance of these variables must be studied scientifically, and one of the main steps for that is finding an accurate measure
The research aims to:
1- Constructing a measure of decision-making for the coaches of the Iraqi Premier League in volleyball for the sports season 2021-2022
2- Identifying the decision-making level of the Iraqi Premier League volleyball coaches for the 2021-2022 sports season
3--Identifying the standard levels of decision-making for the coaches of the Iraqi Premier League in volleyball for the 2021-2022 sports season

The importance of the study was evident in obtaining accurate scientific information, through biomechanical analysis of the two patterns of rapid crushing beating in front and behind the stomach, to know the aspects of strength and weakness in the performance of these two patterns, when measuring the levels of force exerted, which are commensurate with the nature of each pattern, to improve the technical performance of this skill in its various patterns to the highest levels. In addition to that, a statement of biokinetic characteristics, for each pattern to advance the requirements of skillful performance in a manner consistent with the required motor duty. As for the research problem, through the researchers' follow-up to many Iraqi Premier League matches in volleyball, and his attendance to some training units for these clubs, note that there is a weakness in the performance of the rapid crushing patterns; It results from the lack of clarity of the bio kinetic information that governs its nature; This led to a decrease in the level of its performance in scoring points. The research aimed to identify the differences in the values of some bio kinetic variables between the two types of crushing multiplication, and the researchers used the descriptive approach and the tools and devices that helped in the completion of the research.

This study seeks to provide a new scientific addition by addressing the issue of personal struggle and self-skill among students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. With the aim of revealing and identifying what the students possess, as well as knowing the relationship between personal struggle and the skill self of students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Babylon for the academic year (2021-2022), where students enjoy a distinct degree of personal struggle. And the extent to which students enjoy the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Babylon for the academic year
( 2021-2022) with a degree of distinguished skill self. Is there a correlation between personal struggle and self-skill among students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Babylon for the academic year?
(2021-2022)

The research aims to develop exercises using auxiliary means to develop the strength and accuracy of shooting among handball players, and to identify the differences between the two-dimensional tests of the two experimental groups. The first group is trained on rubber beads with precision shooting exercises, while the second group is trained on medicine balls with precision shooting exercises. In the light of the results reached by the researcher with the conclusions that the vocabulary of the exercises that were used (medicine balls, rubber ropes) had a positive effect on developing the accuracy and strength of the arms and legs, and that the first experimental group that trained on medical balls outperformed the results of the second group that trained on rubber ropes, and the aids helped the player to increase accuracy by controlling the direction of the ball's trajectory. In the light of the conclusions that the researcher came out with the recommendations, which is to emphasize the development of strength and accuracy in the early stages of sports training, because training in late stages requires a long time and a great effort from the players and coaches. The researchers also recommended the need to introduce exercises (medicine balls, rubber ropes) during the training units and apply them also to other age groups as well as other games.

Most teachers use different educational methods commensurate with the type of skill or effectiveness to be learned. There are methods commensurate with the open skills, and there are methods commensurate with the closed ones, and some skills are taught in the total way, and others in the partial way, without taking into account the individual differences between the students and there are differences in the physical, mental and skill abilities. Which results in errors among the learners during the learning process, and these errors are the result of not diagnosing errors, which requires taking into account error correction to reduce it. The researcher tended to try to address this problem, so the researcher chose this problem to find out the effect of proficient learning by using teaching aids to help learn the skill of peaceful shooting in basketball for the purpose of investing time, effort, and accelerating the learning process. And to identify the statistical differences between the control and experimental groups in the post-tests for mastery learning using teaching aids to help in learning the skill of peaceful shooting in basketball, and the researcher used the experimental method in the manner of the two equal groups (experimental and control), as the research community included first-stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Dhi Qar University, numbering (90) students, and (80) students were chosen in the intentional way, as absent and failing students were excluded, representing (88%) of the community.

The research aims to identify the level of administrative bullying among secondary school principals from the point of view of teachers of physical education. The descriptive approach was used by the survey method, and the study sample included (60) teachers of physical education in the Directorate of Nineveh Education. To obtain data, a questionnaire was designed and applied after meeting the scientific conditions of validity and reliability. The data were treated statistically through the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, Spearman-Brown equation, Gitman equation, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient.

This current research aims to determine the simple factor construction - the factor of morphological indications - for kindergarten children. And selecting the most suitable of them to practice artistic gymnastics, in the light of those factors it is hoped to reach in this research. To achieve this goal, the researchers chose a sample of kindergarten students in the center of Al-Muthanna Governorate, who are at the ages of (5, 6) years, amounting to (300) students. A battery consisting of five movements in artistic gymnastics was applied to them, and after analyzing the results of the battery, using the discriminatory analysis technique, the sample was classified into two parts (distinguished-talented, and non-distinguished-non-talented). The physical measurements of the distinguished were taken to describe the physical indications for them, where (24) physical evidence was nominated for analysis, the correlation matrix of those evidence was analyzed, a factorial analysis (basic components analysis), so it was reached (3) factors, it was rotated obliquely, so it was reached (3) factors as well. In the light of the conditions for accepting the factor, the three factors were accepted, as they were interpreted clearly. I nominated the best saturating evidence to represent these factors, namely:
- The first factor (symptoms and lengths factor): index of elbow breadth (1) and humerus length.
- The second factor (the factor of lengths and symptoms): the index of humerus length and stature.
- The third factor (the length factor): evidence of torso length and stature.
The current research concluded that the factor analysis (the basic components analysis) is a very useful tool in the sciences of physical education, and that it is a technique that helps in the selection process. And that the factor scores can be used to select the gifted, by determining the factor scores for each student, whether they are high or low.

The researcher sought to verify the effect of Murder's strategy on cognitive achievement and learning some basic skills with the tape tool in rhythmic gymnastics by using the experimental approach with two equal experimental and control groups with pre and post tests on a sample of (30) students chosen in a systematic random way from the research community that represented fourth-stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls - University of Baghdad, and after applying the educational units of the strategy and processing the data that it obtained and its access to the results, analysis and discussion, it concluded with the following: The method used by the subject teacher has an effective effect on improving cognitive achievement and learning some basic skills with the tape tool among the students. This was shown by the differences between the pre and post tests of the experimental and control groups. The experimental group outperformed the control group in the post tests.
The researcher recommends the following: The need to use information processing strategies, including the Merder strategy, to improve cognitive achievement and learn basic rhythmic gymnastics skills among female students. And the need to conduct similar research dealing with the cognitive aspects of the other stages and the basic skills of the rest of the subjects.

The discus throwing event is one of the complex events in athletics, and it is characterized by a performance method that depends on the principle of mechanical moments and requires high explosive capabilities of the thrower in addition to some physical specifications,which depends effectively and effectively on the biomechanical aspects in generating large moments during rotation. The importance of the research is highlighted by the interest in athletics, especially the effectiveness of the discus throw and the continuation of its development process, the importance of kinetic analysis in revealing the most important weaknesses and strengths of shooters, and the importance of explosive power And the moments generated in the rotation of the torso and the throwing arm during the moment of throwing. The research problem centered on showing the numerical values of the moments generated during rotation and their relationship to achievement, focusing on the values of the explosive capabilities of the legs, arms and the body as a whole and their relationship to the achieved achievement. As well as neglecting the science of kinetic analysis and identifying weaknesses with high accuracy, in addition to the lack of interest by the trainers in the characteristics of the values of mechanical moments that affect the flow of the shooter in order to set their training programs according to the priority of those characteristics in achieving their goals by achieving the best completion distance. The aim of the research is to identify the most important moments affecting the torso and the throwing arm, from the stage of applying force to the stage of the final throw, and to the explosive capabilities and their relationship to achievement for advanced discus throwers. The researcher used the descriptive approach and correlations in her current study to suit the nature of the problem of the study. The research community consisted of advanced Iraqi discus throwers, numbering (6) shooters, who took the comprehensive enumeration method. The test was conducted on the research sample in the stadium of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Kufa in preparation for the Iraqi Clubs Championship, the second round. Each shooter was given six attempts as in the official races, and the best attempt was taken as an achievement for the analysis, and an analysis camera (CASIO FH13.5) was used at a speed of 120 frames. In the second, the analysis was done with the analysis program (Kenova)

The aim of the research is to identify the role of the power of experience in improving the level of scientific productivity of faculty members in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Baghdad.
The current research community was determined by the two researchers with faculty members in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Baghdad, where the research community reached (177) faculty members, where the researchers took the research community by the intentional method and by (100%) of the faculty members continuing in the official working hours and for the academic year (2021-2022). Where the community research sample was approved at a rate of (75%), as the sample reached (133) faculty members. The conclusions were through the sample responses and statistical analysis, it was found by the researchers that there is a variable percentage for the field (expertise strength), where the arithmetic mean was higher than the hypothesis. Through the sample responses and statistical analysis, it was found that there is a strong aspect of experience in terms of affecting the improvement of scientific productivity. There is a high level of productivity among the faculty members through the fact that the arithmetic mean is higher than the hypothetical one

The research aimed to identify the level of reflective thinking, the level of mental alertness and digital values for the performance of some handball skills among second-grade intermediate students, and to identify the relationship and impact of reflective thinking with mental alertness and the performance of some handball skills among second-grade intermediate students, and the researcher assumed that it is associated with and contributes and affects reflective thinking with a moral relationship in mental alertness among students of the second intermediate grade, it is related and contributes and reflective thinking affects a moral relationship in the performance of some handball skills among grade students The second medium, and adopted the descriptive approach in the style of relational relations, On a sample deliberately selected from the students of the second intermediate grade in the distinguished secondary school for boys within the administrative formations of the Directorate of Education of Al-Karkh II in Baghdad Governorate, who are continuing the official attendance for the academic year (2022/2023), numbering (91) students, with a percentage of (65%) from their community of origin, and (30) students for the sample of statistical analysis of the two research scales, and the researcher prepared two scales of the paper and pen type, and conducted the foundations and scientific transactions for them, and then the exploratory experiment, and the application of survey procedures and after their completion, the data was collected and processed The results are based on the SPSS system to make conclusions and applications that the level of reflective thinking and the level of mindfulness were acceptable, And that the digital values of the performance of some handling and receiving skills, short defensive movements, and the defensive handball barrier among second-grade intermediate students were qualifying them for success in the second semester, and reflective thinking is associated with both mental alertness and these three skills and affects them positively, and the greater the level of reflective thinking, it leads to a direct increase in students of the second intermediate grade, and it is necessary to pay attention to measuring the characteristics of learners to achieve the skill learning required in the handball physical education lesson, especially what It is related to mental preparation, and it is necessary to pay attention to developing the capabilities of physical education teachers on how to measure what is related to mental preparation, and improve their knowledge of its importance in practical teaching.

The lack of physical exercises within the lesson of physical education in primary schools may in any way lead to a weakness in motor abilities, especially in school days, and also in light of the technological development witnessed by our current age, where the child stays for long times inside the house or with electronic game devices more than before Which may lead to his isolation from his world, which is supposed to be full of vitality and activity, and this leads to a weakness in motor abilities that may lead to his not acquiring the necessary skills to build his life, and therefore it was necessary for the researcher to solve this problem that faces many parents Things are in their children's inability to practice the necessary sports activities that are widespread in their communities.
The research aims to prepare a set of mini-games with basketball and to identify the impact of these mini-games on some of the motor abilities of students aged 9-10 years.

The importance of the research lies in providing a measuring method that makes the training curricula more effective in measuring the tactical behavior of the offensive positions in handball and its dependence on the causal relationships of some physical abilities. The tactical behavior of the players was measured for us. The objectives of the research are to prepare a measure of the tactical behavior of the offensive performance in handball, and to identify the causal relationships of some physical abilities with the tactical behavior.